108 research outputs found
Factors contributing to the negation of therapeutic services by emerging adults at a South African university
From a practice point of view it seems as if there are certain factors that might contribute to the fact that emerging adults tend to negate therapeutic help and services. It also seems to be specifically true with regard to emerging adults at university. Help negation seems to occur albeit the fact that therapeutic intervention is seen as an effective tool in managing distress. The aim of the study therefore was to explore which factors contribute to help negation behaviour in emerging adults at a specific university in South Africa.A qualitative case study design was employed where participants who complied with the inclusion criteria set out for the study, were selected by means of non-probability target and snowball sampling. Fifteen students residing in campus residences respectively participated in one of three focus group discussions. Creswell’s spiral of data analysis was used to analyse the transcribed data.The data crystallised into four themes, which contribute to help negation behaviour in emerging adults. Emerging adults have a fear of being judged, stigmatised, recognised, of not being treated confidentially and a fear of being vulnerable and hurt. They prefer to seek help and support from their family and peers and to put their trust in God and their religion; they have internalised beliefs about themselves and therapy and a need for independence; student interns work at the therapeutic centres on campus which specifically contributes to help negation for emerging adults at the university. It is crucial that the professionals revisit their strategies and approaches in order to overcome negation of formal help and create a more understandable, approachable and effective therapeutic service to emerging adults, especially at university therapeutic centres
A conserved gene regulatory network subcircuit drives different developmental fates in the vegetal pole of highly divergent echinoderm embryos
AbstractComparisons of orthologous developmental gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from different organisms explain how transcriptional regulation can, or cannot, change over time to cause morphological evolution and stasis. Here, we examine a subset of the GRN connections in the central vegetal pole mesoderm of the late sea star blastula and compare them to the GRN for the same embryonic territory of sea urchins. In modern sea urchins, this territory gives rise to skeletogenic mesoderm; in sea stars, it develops into other mesodermal derivatives. Orthologs of many transcription factors that function in the sea urchin skeletogenic mesoderm are co-expressed in the sea star vegetal pole, although this territory does not form a larval skeleton. Systematic perturbation of erg, hex, tbr, and tgif gene function was used to construct a snapshot of the sea star mesoderm GRN. A comparison of this network to the sea urchin skeletogenic mesoderm GRN revealed a conserved, recursively wired subcircuit operating in both organisms. We propose that, while these territories have evolved different functions in sea urchins and sea stars, this subcircuit is part of an ancestral GRN governing echinoderm vegetal pole mesoderm development. The positive regulatory feedback between these transcription factors may explain the conservation of this subcircuit
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real eigenvalues coupled to electric fields: from the time-independent to the time dependent quantum mechanical formulation
We provide a reviewlike introduction into the quantum mechanical formalism
related to non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems with real eigenvalues. Starting
with the time-independent framework we explain how to determine an appropriate
domain of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and pay particular attention to the role
played by PT-symmetry and pseudo-Hermiticity. We discuss the time-evolution of
such systems having in particular the question in mind of how to couple
consistently an electric field to pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We illustrate
the general formalism with three explicit examples: i) the generalized Swanson
Hamiltonians, which constitute non-Hermitian extensions of anharmonic
oscillators, ii) the spiked harmonic oscillator, which exhibits explicit
supersymmetry and iii) the -x^4-potential, which serves as a toy model for the
quantum field theoretical phi^4-theory.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Laser Physics, minor typos
correcte
SBS 1150+599A: an extremely oxygen-poor planetary nebula in the Galactic halo?
We report results of a spectrophotometric study of SBS 1150+599A and discuss
the nature of this object based upon our data. Our study shows that SBS
1150+599A is most probably a planetary nebula located in the Galactic halo and
not a cataclysmic variable as originally proposed by the authors of the Second
Byurakan Survey from low resolution spectroscopy. We have further elaborated on
the properties of SBS 1150+599A (now becoming PN G135.9+55.9) with tools used
for planetary nebula analysis. Our photoionization models show that, in order
to match the observational constraints, the oxygen abundance in the nebula is
probably extremely low, around 1/500 solar, which is one order of magnitude
lower than the most oxygen-poor planetary nebulae known so far. This finding
has strong implications on our understanding of the formation of planetary
nebulae and of the evolution of the Galactic halo.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and
Astrophysic
Viscous-Inviscid Interactions in a Boundary-Layer Flow Induced by a Vortex Array
In this paper we investigate the asymptotic validity of boundary layer
theory. For a flow induced by a periodic row of point-vortices, we compare
Prandtl's solution to Navier-Stokes solutions at different numbers. We
show how Prandtl's solution develops a finite time separation singularity. On
the other hand Navier-Stokes solution is characterized by the presence of two
kinds of viscous-inviscid interactions between the boundary layer and the outer
flow. These interactions can be detected by the analysis of the enstrophy and
of the pressure gradient on the wall. Moreover we apply the complex singularity
tracking method to Prandtl and Navier-Stokes solutions and analyze the previous
interactions from a different perspective
Chemical Abundances of Planetary Nebulae in the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy
Spectrophotometry and imaging of the two planetary nebulae He2-436 and
Wray16-423, recently discovered to be in the Sagittarius dwarf elliptical
galaxy, are presented. Wray16-423 is a high excitation planetary nebula (PN)
with a hot central star. In contrast He2-436 is a high density PN with a cooler
central star and evidence of local dust, the extinction exceeding that for
Wray16-423 by E(B-V)=0.28. The extinction to Wray16-423, (E(B-V)=0.14), is
consistent with the extinction to the Sagittarius (Sgr) Dwarf. Both PN show
Wolf-Rayet features in their spectra, although the lines are weak in
Wray16-423. Images in [O III] and H-alpha+[N II], although affected by poor
seeing, yield a diameter of 1.2'' for Wray16-423 after deconvolution; He~2-436
was unresolved. He2-436 has a luminosity about twice that of Wray16-423 and its
size and high density suggest a younger PN. In order to reconcile the differing
luminosity and nebular properties of the two PN with similar age progenitor
stars, it is suggested that they are on He burning tracks
The abundance pattern is very similar in both nebulae and shows an oxygen
depletion of -0.4 dex with respect to the mean O abundance of Galactic PN and
[O/H] = -0.6. The Sgr PN progenitor stars are representative of the higher
metallicity tail of the Sgr population. The pattern of abundance depletion is
similar to that in the only other PN in a dwarf galaxy companion of the Milky
Way, that in Fornax, for which new spectra are presented. However the
abundances are larger than for Galactic halo PN suggesting a later formation
age. The O abundance of the Sgr galaxy deduced from its PN, shows similarities
with that of dwarf ellipticals around M31, suggesting that this galaxy was a
dwarf elliptical before its interaction with the Milky Way.Comment: 24 pages, Latex (aas2pp4.sty) including 5 postscript figures. To
appear in Ap
Numerical instability of the Akhmediev breather and a finite-gap model of it
In this paper we study the numerical instabilities of the NLS Akhmediev
breather, the simplest space periodic, one-mode perturbation of the unstable
background, limiting our considerations to the simplest case of one unstable
mode. In agreement with recent theoretical findings of the authors, in the
situation in which the round-off errors are negligible with respect to the
perturbations due to the discrete scheme used in the numerical experiments, the
split-step Fourier method (SSFM), the numerical output is well-described by a
suitable genus 2 finite-gap solution of NLS. This solution can be written in
terms of different elementary functions in different time regions and,
ultimately, it shows an exact recurrence of rogue waves described, at each
appearance, by the Akhmediev breather. We discover a remarkable empirical
formula connecting the recurrence time with the number of time steps used in
the SSFM and, via our recent theoretical findings, we establish that the SSFM
opens up a vertical unstable gap whose length can be computed with high
accuracy, and is proportional to the inverse of the square of the number of
time steps used in the SSFM. This neat picture essentially changes when the
round-off error is sufficiently large. Indeed experiments in standard double
precision show serious instabilities in both the periods and phases of the
recurrence. In contrast with it, as predicted by the theory, replacing the
exact Akhmediev Cauchy datum by its first harmonic approximation, we only
slightly modify the numerical output. Let us also remark, that the first rogue
wave appearance is completely stable in all experiments and is in perfect
agreement with the Akhmediev formula and with the theoretical prediction in
terms of the Cauchy data.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures, Formula (30) at page 11 was corrected, arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1707.0565
Computing Fresnel integrals via modified trapezium rules
In this paper we propose methods for computing Fresnel integrals based on truncated trapezium rule approximations to integrals on the real line, these trapezium rules modified to take into account poles of the integrand near the real axis. Our starting point is a method for computation of the error function of complex argument due to Matta and Reichel (J Math Phys 34:298–307, 1956) and Hunter and Regan (Math Comp 26:539–541, 1972). We construct approximations which we prove are exponentially convergent as a function of N , the number of quadrature points, obtaining explicit error bounds which show that accuracies of 10−15 uniformly on the real line are achieved with N=12 , this confirmed by computations. The approximations we obtain are attractive, additionally, in that they maintain small relative errors for small and large argument, are analytic on the real axis (echoing the analyticity of the Fresnel integrals), and are straightforward to implement
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