348 research outputs found
Wilson renormalization of a reaction-diffusion process
Healthy and sick individuals (A and B particles) diffuse independently with
diffusion constants D_A and D_B. Sick individuals upon encounter infect healthy
ones (at rate k), but may also spontaneously recover (at rate 1/\tau). The
propagation of the epidemic therefore couples to the fluctuations in the total
population density. Global extinction occurs below a critical value \rho_{c} of
the spatially averaged total density. The epidemic evolves as the
diffusion--reaction--decay process
A + B --> 2B, B --> A ,
for which we write down the field theory. The stationary state properties of
this theory when D_A=D_B were obtained by Kree et al. The critical behavior for
D_A<D_B is governed by a new fixed point. We calculate the critical exponents
of the stationary state in an \eps expansion, carried out by Wilson
renormalization, below the critical dimension d_{c}=4. We then go on to to
obtain the critical initial time behavior at the extinction threshold, both for
D_A=D_B and D_A<D_B. There is nonuniversal dependence on the initial particle
distribution. The case D_A>D_B remains unsolved.Comment: 26 pages, LaTeX, 6 .eps figures include
Nichtlineare Modellordnungsreduktion für dynamische Stromnetze mit Hilfe einer quadratischen Formulierung und balanciertem Abschneiden
Monitoring nanoparticle dissolution via fluorescence-colour shift
[La(OH)]2+[ICG]−2 and [La(OH)]2+2[PTC]4− inorganic–organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) with indocyanine green (ICG) and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate (PTC) as fluorescent dye anions are used for emission-based monitoring of the dissolution of nanoparticles. Whereas ICG shows a deep red emission in the solid [La(OH)]2+[ICG]−2 IOH-NPs, the emission of PTC in the solid [La(OH)]2+2[PTC]4− IOH-NPs is completely quenched due to π-stacking. After nanoparticle dissolution, the emission of freely dissolved ICG is weak, whereas freely dissolved PTC shows intense green emission. We report on the synthesis of IOH-NPs and nanoparticle characterization as well as on the fluorescence properties and how to avoid undesirable energy transfer between different fluorescent dyes. The emission shift from red (intact solid nanoparticles) to green (freely dissolved dye anions), indicating nanoparticle dissolution, is shown for aqueous systems and verified in vitro. Based on this first proof-of-the-concept, the IOH-NP marker system can be interesting to monitor nanoparticle dissolution in cells and tissues of small animals and to evaluate cell processes and/or drug-delivery strategies
X-Ray Scattering at FeCo(001) Surfaces and the Crossover between Ordinary and Normal Transitions
In a recent experiment by Krimmel et al. [PRL 78, 3880 (1997)], the critical
behavior of FeCo near a (001) surface was studied by x-ray scattering. Here the
experimental data are reanalyzed, taking into account recent theoretical
results on order-parameter profiles in the crossover regime between ordinary
and normal transitions. Excellent agreement between theoretical expectations
and the experimental results is found.Comment: 9 pages, Latex, 1 PostScript figure, to be published in Phys.Rev.
Determinação de polifenóis como subsÃdio para seleção de variedades do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Uva.
A proposta do presente trabalho é analisar os teores de polifenóis bioativos em variedades do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (acessos) e/ou novas variedades em fase de criação (seleções), através da técnica de Cromatografia LÃquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC)
Aging in ferromagnetic systems at criticality near four dimensions
We study the off-equilibrium response and correlation functions and the
corresponding fluctuation-dissipation ratio for a purely dissipative relaxation
of an O(N) symmetric vector model (Model A) below its upper critical dimension.
The scaling behavior of these quantities is analyzed and the associated
universal functions are determined at first order in epsilon expansion in the
high-temperature phase and at criticality. A non trivial limit of the
fluctuation-dissipation ratio is found in the aging regime.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figur
Zero mode in the time-dependent symmetry breaking of theory
We apply the quartic exponential variational approximation to the symmetry
breaking phenomena of scalar field in three and four dimensions. We calculate
effective potential and effective action for the time-dependent system by
separating the zero mode from other non-zero modes of the scalar field and
treating the zero mode quantum mechanically. It is shown that the quantum
mechanical properties of the zero mode play a non-trivial role in the symmetry
breaking of the scalar theory.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Caracterizacao de acessos de batata-doce atraves de danos causados nas raizes por crisomelideos e pela broca da raiz.
bitstream/item/103102/1/pa-2.pd
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