Challenging Rezoning in Virginia

Zoning is an intrusion into our everyday lives, regulating a right basic to most Americans-the free use of their land. As municipalities increase their use of the zoning mechanism, more landowners will find the use of their lands restricted and in turn will seek legal counsel in order to challenge the restrictions. Presently, when faced with a rezoning question, a practitioner has to filter through the many treatises, articles and cases in an attempt to pull together Virginia law. It is the purpose of this comment to compile Virginia rezoning law in order to serve as a reference for the practitioner who is unfamiliar with this ever-developing body of law

Flame radiation and liner heat transfer in a tubular-can combustor

Heat transfer within a combuster were examined. Total and spectral flame radiation in a tubular can combustor at a series of parametric operating conditions was measured. Radiation measurements were taken for a range of inlet air pressures from 0.34 to 2.0 MPa, inlet air temperatures from 533 to 700 K, with two different fuels, Jet-A and ERBS. Measurements of liner temperatures combined with the parametric radiation results allowed a calculation of the combustor liner heat loads. Flame emissivity was determined from the spectral measurements

Follow-up of non-persisting clerical students at Metropolitan Technical Community College.

Of all the rights granted to citizens of this country, there is probably none more important nor more personally gratifying than the right to a public education. Without education, the capacity to exercise other rights would be severely limited. During the latter half of this century, there has been a greater effort on the part of the public to make college education a reality for everyone as exemplified in the technical colleges. tremendous growth of community and Colleges are now available and easily accessible to aspiring students regardless of sex or age, and there is even financial assistance for those who need it. Students are entering colleges in vast numbers, motivated by the desire to become better qualified to earn for the good life. Unfortunately, many persons become discouraged before completing their planned program and drop out. Reasons for dropping out often relate back to prior school rejection and to an all too common disillusionment with the education received. In the light of the dropout rate, increasingly, the goal of education for every citizen to be developed to his/her fullest potential is not being realized

Only the Brave: Product Innovation, Service Business Model Innovation, and Their Impact on Performance

Recent empirical findings concerning the performance effects of service business model innovation (servitization) and its interplay with product innovation are mixed. Using the lenses of the demand-based view on value creation and complementarity, the performance impact of two key service business models is examined: the product-oriented model and the customer-oriented model, implemented jointly with product innovation. Results indicate that the interplay between service business model innovation and product innovation results in long-term performance benefits coupled with a degree of short-term performance sacrifice. Service business model innovation in isolation from product innovation results in short-term profit gains but long-term knowledge loss and, thus, market performance decline. Our study suggests that firms need to look beyond the evidence on short-term effects in order to achieve superior performance in the long run.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpim.1225

PATENTS, R&D AND LAG EFFECTS: EVIDENCE FROM FLEXIBLE METHODS FOR COUNT PANEL DATA ON MANUFACTURING FIRMS

Hausman, Hall and Griliches (1984) and Hall, Griliches and Hausman (1986) investigated whether there was a lag in the patent-R&D relationship for the U.S. manufacturing sector using 1970¿s data. They found that there was little evidence of anything but contemporaneous movement of patents and R&D. We reexamine this important issue employing new longitudinal patent data at the firm level for the U.S. manufacturing sector from 1982 to 1992. To address unique features of the data, we estimate various distributed lag and dynamic multiplicative panel count data models. The paper also develops a new class of count panel data models based on series expansion of the distribution of individual effects. The empirical analyses show that, although results are somewhat sensitive to different estimation methods, the contemporaneous relationship between patenting and R&D expenditures continues to be rather strong, accounting for over 60% of the total R&D elasticity. Regarding the lag structure of the patents-R&D relationship, we do find a significant lag in all empirical specifications. Moreover, the estimated lag effects are higher than have previously been found, suggesting that the contribution of R&D history to current patenting has increased from the 1970¿s to the 1980¿s.Innovative activity, Patents and R&D, Individual effects, count panel data methods.

Summary and Analysis of Horizontal-Tail Contribution to Longitudinal Stability of Swept-Wing Airplanes at Low Speeds

Air-flow characteristics behind wings and wing-body combinations are described and are related to the downwash at specific tall locations for unseparated and separated flow conditions. The effects of various parameters and control devices on the air-flow characteristics and tail contribution are analyzed and demonstrated. An attempt has been made to summarize certain data by empirical correlation or theoretical means in a form useful for design. The experimental data herein were obtained mostly at Reynolds numbers greater than 4 x 10(exp 6) and at Mach numbers less than 0.25

Flame Radiation Measurements

Spectral and total flame radiation measurements exhibited: (1) that radiant heat flux increases with vision combustor inlet air pressure; (2) the effect of fuel atomization characteristics on radiant heat flux; and (3) that a reduction in fuel hydrogen content produces a significant increase in radiant heat flux primarily at low combustor pressures

The relationship regulator: a buyer-supplier collaborative performance measurement system

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative buyer-supplier performance measurement system (PMS) (called relationship regulator – RelReg), aimed at stimulating collaboration on mutual performance. The RelReg is described all throughout the phases of its lifecycle: first, design features and visual representation of the new measurement framework are reported; second, guidelines on how to implement, use and review the system are provided, highlighting the role of the buyer and the supplier at each step. Design/methodology/approach A theory building and testing approach is applied. The RelReg developed features primarily ground on previous scientific contributions matched with empirical evidence collected through case studies, workshops and focus groups. The resulting conceptual model is then validated through a dyadic buyer-supplier case study. Findings Two conceptual frameworks are provided: the RelReg dashboard – a multidimensional PMS; and the RelReg lifecycle – set of activities to be performed by both the buyer and the supplier all along the adoption process. Moreover, empirical insights on relevant issues to be considered when adopting the RelReg are reported. Originality/value The RelReg represents an innovative and smart tool, allowing buyer-supplier dyads to collaborate on relationship performance. </jats:sec

A review of X-ray laser development at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Recent experiments undertaken at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory to produce X-ray lasing over the 5-30 nm wavelength range are reviewed. The efficiency of lasing is optimized when the main pumping pulse interacts with a preformed plasma. Experiments using double 75-ps pulses and picosecond pulses superimposed on 300-ps background pulses are described. The use of travelling wave pumping with the approximately picosecond pulse experiments is necessary as the gain duration becomes comparable to the time for the X-ray laser pulse to propagate along the target length. Results from a model taking account of laser saturation and deviations from the speed of light c of the travelling wave and X-ray laser group velocity are presented. We show that X-ray laser pulses as short as 2-3 ps can be produced with optical pumping pulses of approximate to1-ps