Energy-Momentum Complex in M\o ller's Tetrad Theory of Gravitation

M\o ller's Tetrad Theory of Gravitation is examined with regard to the energy-momentum complex. The energy-momentum complex as well as the superpotential associated with M\o ller's theory are derived. M\o ller's field equations are solved in the case of spherical symmetry. Two different solutions, giving rise to the same metric, are obtained. The energy associated with one solution is found to be twice the energy associated with the other. Some suggestions to get out of this inconsistency are discussed at the end of the paper.Comment: LaTeX2e with AMS-LaTeX 1.2, 13 page

Photoacoustic Reconstruction Using Sparsity in Curvelet Frame: Image Versus Data Domain

Curvelet frame is of special significance for photoacoustic tomography (PAT) due to its sparsifying and microlocalisation properties. We derive a one-to-one map between wavefront directions in image and data spaces in PAT which suggests near equivalence between the recovery of the initial pressure and PAT data from compressed/subsampled measurements when assuming sparsity in Curvelet frame. As the latter is computationally more tractable, investigation to which extent this equivalence holds conducted in this paper is of immediate practical significance. To this end we formulate and compare DR , a two step approach based on the recovery of the complete volume of the photoacoustic data from the subsampled data followed by the acoustic inversion, and p0R , a one step approach where the photoacoustic image (the initial pressure, p0 ) is directly recovered from the subsampled data. Effective representation of the photoacoustic data requires basis defined on the range of the photoacoustic forward operator. To this end we propose a novel wedge-restriction of Curvelet transform which enables us to construct such basis. Both recovery problems are formulated in a variational framework. As the Curvelet frame is heavily overdetermined, we use reweighted ℓ1 norm penalties to enhance the sparsity of the solution. The data reconstruction problem DR is a standard compressed sensing recovery problem, which we solve using an ADMM-type algorithm, SALSA. Subsequently, the initial pressure is recovered using time reversal as implemented in the k-Wave Toolbox. The p0 reconstruction problem, p0R , aims to recover the photoacoustic image directly via FISTA, or ADMM when in addition including a non-negativity constraint. We compare and discuss the relative merits of the two approaches and illustrate them on 2D simulated and 3D real data in a fair and rigorous manner

Temperature-based phenology model to predict the development, survival, and reproduction of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis

The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major pest of fruit and vegetable production systems on several continents. The pest has invaded many countries, causing considerable impact on fruit production systems and commercialization. In this study we determined the relationship between temperature and development, survival and reproductive parameters of B. dorsalis on an artificial diet under laboratory conditions under 7 constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 35 °C) with 70 ± 10% relative humidity and a photoperiod of L12:D12. We validated the laboratory results with a full life table analysis under semi-natural conditions in a screenhouse. We used the Insect Life Cycle Modeling (ILCYM) software for all mathematical models and simulations applied to all life history parameters. Bactrocera dorsalis completed its development at temperatures ranging between 15 and 33 °C with the mean developmental time of egg, larva, and pupa ranging between 1.46 and 4.31 days, 7.14-25.67 days, and 7.18-31.50 respectively. The models predicted temperatures ranging between 20 and 30 °C as favorable for development and survival, and 20 to 25 °C for optimal fecundity of B. dorsalis. Life table parameters showed the highest gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) between 25 and 31 ᵒC while generation time (T) and doubling time (Dt) were low at this interval. The effects of future climate change on B. dorsalis life history parameters were further investigated and the outcome from this study will help in the management of B. dorsalis in different agroecologies in the context of ongoing climate change

Galactic Collapse of Scalar Field Dark Matter

We present a scenario for galaxy formation based on the hypothesis of scalar field dark matter. We interpret galaxy formation through the collapse of a scalar field fluctuation. We find that a cosh potential for the self-interaction of the scalar field provides a reasonable scenario for galactic formation, which is in agreement with cosmological observations and phenomenological studies in galaxies.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figue

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Apixaban Versus Edoxaban in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation for Stroke Prevention

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the cost effectiveness of apixaban versus edoxaban in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism (SE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Spain. METHODS: We customized a Markov model with ten health states to estimate the lifetime economic and clinical outcomes in 6-week cycles. The efficacy (clinical event rates per 100 patient-years) and safety data were derived from a pairwise indirect treatment comparison. The analysis was conducted from both the national health service (NHS) and societal perspectives, and included pharmaceutical costs (retail price plus value-added tax (VAT) and applicable national deductions) according to daily dosages (apixaban 10 mg (5 mg twice daily (bid)) and edoxaban 60 or 30 mg) and complications and disease-management costs, obtained from national databases. Utilities for quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) calculations reflected EuroQoL 5-Dimension scores in patients with AF. An annual discount rate of 3% was applied for costs (euro, year 2019 values) and outcomes. RESULTS: In a 1000-patient cohort, apixaban 5 mg bid versus edoxaban 60 mg could avoid five strokes, six major bleedings and 29 clinically relevant non-major bleedings (CRNMBs). Compared with edoxaban 30 mg, apixaban could avoid 21 strokes and two SEs. An increase in bleedings was observed with apixaban (seven haemorrhagic strokes, 48 major bleedings and 17 CRNMBs). Apixaban yielded 0.04 additional QALYs compared with edoxaban 60 mg or 30 mg. Incremental costs/QALY were euro9639.33 and euro354.22 for apixaban versus edoxaban 60 mg and edoxaban 30 mg, respectively, from the NHS perspective and euro7756.62 for apixaban versus edoxaban 60 mg from the societal perspective. Apixaban was dominant versus edoxaban 30 mg from the societal perspective. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the model. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that apixaban 5 mg bid is a cost-effective alternative to edoxaban for stroke prevention in the AF population in Spain

Effective theories of scattering with an attractive inverse-square potential and the three-body problem

A distorted-wave version of the renormalisation group is applied to scattering by an inverse-square potential and to three-body systems. In attractive three-body systems, the short-distance wave function satisfies a Schroedinger equation with an attractive inverse-square potential, as shown by Efimov. The resulting oscillatory behaviour controls the renormalisation of the three-body interactions, with the renormalisation-group flow tending to a limit cycle as the cut-off is lowered. The approach used here leads to single-valued potentials with discontinuities as the bound states are cut off. The perturbations around the cycle start with a marginal term whose effect is simply to change the phase of the short-distance oscillations, or the self-adjoint extension of the singular Hamiltonian. The full power counting in terms of the energy and two-body scattering length is constructed for short-range three-body forces.Comment: 19 pages (RevTeX), 2 figure

Free field realization of superstring theory on AdS3

The Coulomb gas representation of expectation values in SU(2) conformal field theory developed by Dotsenko is extended to the SL(2,R) WZW model and applied to bosonic string theory on AdS3 and to Type II superstrings on AdS3 x N. The spectral flow symmetry is included in the free field realization of vertex operators creating superstring states of both Ramond and Neveu-Schwarz sectors. Conjugate representations for these operators are constructed and a background charge prescription is designed to compute correlation functions. Two and three point functions of bosonic and fermionic string states in arbitrary winding sectors are calculated. Scattering amplitudes that violate winding number conservation are also discussed.Comment: 40 pages, typos corrected, references added, minor changes in presentation and details completed in the calculation of the R sector 2-point function. Version to appear in JHE

On singular Lagrangians affine in velocities

The properties of Lagrangians affine in velocities are analyzed in a geometric way. These systems are necessarily singular and exhibit, in general, gauge invariance. The analysis of constraint functions and gauge symmetry leads us to a complete classification of such Lagrangians.Comment: AMSTeX, 22 page

Vascular Complexity Evaluation Using a Skeletonization Approach and 3D LED-Based Photoacoustic Images

Vasculature analysis is a fundamental aspect in the diagnosis, treatment, outcome evaluation and follow-up of several diseases. The quantitative characterization of the vascular network can be a powerful means for earlier pathologies revealing and for their monitoring. For this reason, non-invasive and quantitative methods for the evaluation of blood vessels complexity is a very important issue. Many imaging techniques can be used for visualizing blood vessels, but many modalities are limited by high costs, the need of exogenous contrast agents, the use of ionizing radiation, a very limited acquisition depth, and/or long acquisition times. Photoacoustic imaging has recently been the focus of much research and is now emerging in clinical applications. This imaging modality combines the qualities of good contrast and the spectral specificity of optical imaging and the high penetration depth and the spatial resolution of acoustic imaging. The optical absorption properties of blood also make it an endogenous contrast agent, allowing a completely non-invasive visualization of blood vessels. Moreover, more recent LED-based photoacoustic imaging systems are more affordable, safe and portable when compared to a laser-based systems. In this chapter we will confront the issue of vessel extraction techniques and how quantitative vascular parameters can be computed on 3D LED-based photoacoustic images using an in vitro vessel phantom model

Oral and general health of the people of Asunción and San Miguel’s communities in relation to social and environmental conditions in non-irrigated areas of Lavalle

Nuestra zona de estudio, el Noreste del Departamento de Lavalle en la Provincia de Mendoza, es una zona árida propia del borde oriental de la Cordillera de Los Andes. Sólo es productivo un pequeño porcentaje de la superficie total, gracias a la nieve y deshielo de la cordillera, que aprovecha los cursos de los ríos y también por la construcción de diques. La zona que nos ocupa hace algo más de cien años era un área cubierta de lagunas que se formaban por los desagües de los Ríos Mendoza y San Juan. Los objetivos son el estudio de la salud oral y salud general de los pobladores de las comunidades de Asunción y San Miguel, teniendo en cuenta características desde lo social antropológico, y asociarlas con problemáticas como la ambiental, las culturales, la relación con la tierra, la población originaria (pueblos huarpe), el agua, la educación, entre otros aspectos. El enfoque es interdisciplinario, ya que se integra la Sociología, la Odontología desde distintas especialidades, las Ciencias Médicas, Comunicadores Sociales y Literatura. Se utilizan métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Entre otros aspectos se realizaron análisis de contenido de arsénico y fluor en el agua de pozo de esta zona de estudio.Our study area, Northeast Department of Lavalle in the Province of Mendoza, is a very arid area of the ambientaleseastern edge of the Andes. It is productive only a small percentage of the total area, thanks to melting snow and the mountain range that takes advantage of the courses of rivers and building dikes po. The area in question more than a hundred years ago was a covered area of gaps formed by the drains of the rivers Mendoza and San Juan. The objectives are the study of oral health and general health of the residents of the communities of Asuncion and San Miguel, taking into account character-istics from the social anthropological, and associate them with issues such as environmental, cultural, relationship to the land, the original population (people huarpe), water, education, among others. The approach is interdisciplinary, since sociology, from different specialties Dentistry, Medical Sciences, Social Communicators and Literature is integrated. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used. Among other things analysis of arsenic and fluoride in well water of this area of study were per-formed.Fil: García Cardoni, Mario Oscar. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Martínez, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: García Crimi, Graciela Edith. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Sicilia, A.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Astudillo, Jésica. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Hellwig, German. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Hiramatsu, Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Esterlich, María José. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Palmili, Rodrigo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Gonzá{ez Pellizzari, N.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Galdeano, F.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Astudillo, E.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y SocialesFil: Giandomenico, E.