A radio jet drives a molecular and atomic gas outflow in multiple regions within one square kiloparsec of the nucleus of the nearby galaxy IC5063

We analyzed near-infrared data of the nearby galaxy IC5063 taken with the Very Large Telescope SINFONI instrument. IC5063 is an elliptical galaxy that has a radio jet nearly aligned with the major axis of a gas disk in its center. The data reveal multiple signatures of molecular and atomic gas that has been kinematically distorted by the passage of the jet plasma or cocoon within an area of ~1 kpc^2. Concrete evidence that the interaction of the jet with the gas causes the gas to accelerate comes from the detection of outflows in four different regions along the jet trail: near the two radio lobes, between the radio emission tip and the optical narrow-line-region cone, and at a region with diffuse 17.8 GHz emission midway between the nucleus and the north radio lobe. The outflow in the latter region is biconical, centered 240 pc away from the nucleus, and oriented perpendicularly to the jet trail. The diffuse emission that is observed as a result of the gas entrainment or scattering unfolds around the trail and away from the nucleus with increasing velocity. It overall extends for >700 pc parallel and perpendicular to the trail. Near the outflow starting points, the gas has a velocity excess of 600 km/s to 1200 km/s with respect to ordered motions, as seen in [FeII], Pa alpha, or H2 lines. High H2 (1-0) S(3)/S(1) flux ratios indicate non-thermal excitation of gas in the diffuse outflow.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Solar Protons and Magnetic Storms in July 1961

Injun i satellite observations of solar protons and magnetic storm

Drude model and Lifshitz formula

Since nearly 10 years, it is known that inserting the permittivity of the Drude model into the Lifshitz formula for free energy causes a violation of the third law of thermodynamics. In this paper we show that the standard Matsubara formulation for free energy contains a contribution that is non-perturbative in the relaxation parameter. We argue that the correct formula must have a perturbative expansion and conclude that the standard Matsubara formulation with the permittivity of the Drude model inserted is not correct. We trace the non-perturbative contribution in the complex frequency plane, where it shows up as a self-intersection or a bifurcation of the integration path.Comment: accepted for publication in EPJ

The influence of ion binding and ion specific potentials on the double layer pressure between charged bilayers at low salt concentrations

Measurements of surface forces between double-chained cationic bilayers adsorbed onto molecularly smooth mica surfaces across different millimolar salt solutions have revealed a large degree of ion specificity [Pashley et al., J. Phys. Chem. 90, 1637 (1986)]. This has been interpreted in terms of highly specific anion binding to the adsorbed bilayers. We show here that inclusion in the double layer theory of nonspecific ion binding and ion specific nonelectrostatic potentials acting between ions and the two surfaces can account for the phenomenon. It also gives the right Hofmeister series for the double layer pressure.M.B. thanks the Swedish Research Council and the German Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungvereinigungen Otto von Guericke e.V. AiF for financial support. E.R.A.L. and F.W.T. thank FAPERJ and CNPq the Brazilian Agencies for financial support

Measuring Progress in Robotics: Benchmarking and the ‘Measure-Target Confusion’

While it is often said that in order to qualify as a true science robotics should aspire to reproducible and measurable results that allow benchmarking, I argue that a focus on benchmarking will be a hindrance for progress. Several academic disciplines that have been led into pursuing only reproducible and measurable ‘scientific’ results—robotics should be careful not to fall into that trap. Results that can be benchmarked must be specific and context-dependent, but robotics targets whole complex systems independently of a specific context—so working towards progress on the technical measure risks missing that target. It would constitute aiming for the measure rather than the target: what I call ‘measure-target confusion’. The role of benchmarking in robotics shows that the more general problem to measure progress towards more intelligent machines will not be solved by technical benchmarks; we need a balanced approach with technical benchmarks, real-life testing and qualitative judgment

Experts\u27 Advice to Information Systems Doctoral Students

This paper summarizes the results of a panel discussion offering advice to doctoral students in advancing through their programs and getting a start on their career. The panel was held at the 2003 Annual Conference of the Southern Association for Information Systems, and panelists included five senior MIS faculty members who, combined, have chaired over 80 dissertations. Topics included choosing a dissertation topic, dealing with the dissertation committee, completing the dissertation, the job hunt, marketability, building a publication record, and advice for new faculty

Suitability of current side impact test dummies in far-side impacts

This study set out to compare the suitability of five current side impact test dummies to simulate that of a 50th percentile Post Mortem Human Subject (PMHS) in a far side impact crash configuration. A number of comparative crash tests were undertaken, involving a 50% PMILS and four current side impact crash test dummies (BioSIO, a BioSID with a lumbar spine modification, EuroSID, and WorldSIU) using the ECE95 test procedure at 65km/h. Crash test data were collected from full -scale crash tests conducted using a Holden Commodore: fitted with a 50% Post Mortem Human Subject (PMHS) and a BioSID and WorldSID test dummy in the driver seat. Additional crash test data were obtained using a similar full-scale validated sled test setup. The results demonstrate that the current WorldSID prototype and a BioSID dummy with a modified lumbar spine unit can provide reasonable simulations of occupant kinematics and injuries to help advance vehicle countermeasures. Further work is required to test the robustness and generality of these findings for improved far-side impact protection

The quantum cryptographic switch

We illustrate using a quantum system the principle of a cryptographic switch, in which a third party (Charlie) can control to a continuously varying degree the amount of information the receiver (Bob) receives, after the sender (Alice) has sent her information. Suppose Charlie transmits a Bell state to Alice and Bob. Alice uses dense coding to transmit two bits to Bob. Only if the 2-bit information corresponding to choice of Bell state is made available by Charlie to Bob can the latter recover Alice's information. By varying the information he gives, Charlie can continuously vary the information recovered by Bob. The performance of the protocol subjected to the squeezed generalized amplitude damping channel is considered. We also present a number of practical situations where a cryptographic switch would be of use.Comment: 7 pages, 4 Figure