Web architecture affects the functional response of the space web-builder Kochiura aulica against Trioza erytreae in the laboratory

The “citrus greening disease” or huanglongbing (HLB) is caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp. One vector of HLB, the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae (del Guercio, 1918), was recorded for the first time in 2014, in mainland Spain, and since then, it has spread throughout the Iberian Peninsula. Spiders could be natural enemies of T. erytreae. In this work, we assessed the potential of a model spider species, selected according to the most abundant guild in the field, as a natural enemy of T. erytreae. Theridiidae was the most successful family, capturing adults of T. erytreae in the field. Kochiura aulica (Theridiidae) was selected as a model for functional response assays in the laboratory. The effect of web-building plasticity on the functional response of K. aulica was investigated using two types of arena. The spiders developed tubular-like or branch-like webs according to the spatial constraints. The web architecture significantly shifted the trapping efficiency of K. aulica. Functional responses for tubular and branch webs were both Type-II, but more psyllid prey were captured and killed in the tubular webs than in branch webs. In addition, significantly more psyllids survived in branch-like webs. Our results suggest that web architecture is a key factor driving the number of captured adults of the psyllid. Space web builders could be successful natural enemies of T. erytreae, although further research is needed to clarify the influence of web-building plasticity on the functional response and trapping efficiency of spiders.The authors are grateful to the European Union grant, programme H2020 entitled: PREHLB: Preventing HLB epidemics for ensuring citrus survival in Europe. H2020-SFS-2018–2 Topic SFS-05–2018-2019–2020—new and emerging risks to plant health (Project nº 817526)—as well as to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and Associated Laboratory SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Microneedle-based delivery devices for cancer therapy: a review

Macroscale delivery systems that can be locally implanted on the tumor tissue as well as avoid all the complications associated to the systemic delivery of therapeutics have captured researchers' attention, in recent years. Particularly, the microneedle-based devices can be used to efficiently deliver both small and macro-molecules, like chemotherapeutics, proteins, and genetic material, along with nanoparticle-based anticancer therapies. Such capacity prompted the application of microneedle devices for the development of new anticancer vaccines that can permeate the tumor tissue and simultaneously improve the effectiveness of therapeutic agents. Based on the promising results demonstrated by the microneedle systems in the local administration of anticancer therapeutics, this review summarizes the different microneedle formulations developed up to now aimed for application on cancer therapy (mphasizing those produced with polymers). Additionally, the microneedles' general properties, type of therapeutic approach and its main advantages are also highlighted.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Presence and distribution of the African citrus psyllid in São Tomé island

The African citrus psyllid, Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a natural vector of Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the causal agents of the citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing (HLB). Despite the global losses of the Citrus industry due to HLB, the vector is rapidly spread to new areas threatening citrus crops and raising con-cern for stakeholders. Until now, there was a single old register of T. er y treae from the São Tomé island (Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology, 49, 1–102). In this work, we provide up-to-date occurrence data on the presence of T. er y treae throughout the isle of São Tomé. The identity of the captured adults was assessed and confirmed through molecular identification by sequencing a portion of the mitochondrial COI. The psyllid was found in lemon, orange and tangerine or-chards. Further monitoring is advisable to manage potential outbreaksFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Grant/Award Number: LA/P/0007/2020 and UIDB/00690/2020; H2020 Environment, Grant/Award Number: H2020- SFS- 2018- 2 Topic SFS- 05- 2018-2019-2020; Foundation for Science and Technologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Competências de ensino de TIC: um desafio para o ensino de ciências administrativas

The next, in part, responds to the invitations manifested in the documentary review on the debate oriented to the understanding of the objective and technical knowledge of the administrative discipline, also to the development of training proposals and teacher updating located in the study of pedagogical approaches that privilege active learning and use ict as instrumental tools at the service of this discipline. In an apparent neglect of the teaching competencies for the teaching of administrative sciences, a structural void is revealed that gives way to the concern: What ict teaching competencies should be developed for the teaching of administrative sciences? This article proposes a conceptual framework on ict teaching competencies for the teaching of administrative sciences, based on the interpretation and contrast of qualitative data from the documentary review, other previous research and the intersubjective experience in virtual training activities. It is provisionally concluded that the proposal for "Digital Pedagogical Competences in Administration" (cpda, for its acronym in Spanish) describes an emerging framework that, supported by a prism-type graphic model, suggests a series of substantial theoretical approaches focused on the complex integration of four guiding categories associated with the instrumental, structural, experiential and innovation domains, three contextual categories, three processual categories, and their concept-indicators; that outline the teaching competencies in ict for the teaching of administrative sciences. It is recommended the deepening oriented to new approaches that enrich this construct in the field of teaching administrative sciences.Este texto, en parte, responde a las invitaciones manifiestas en la revisión documental sobre el debate orientado a la comprensión del conocimiento objetivo y técnico de la disciplina administrativa; asimismo, al desarrollo de propuestas de capacitación y actualización docente, ubicadas en el estudio de enfoques pedagógicos que privilegian el aprendizaje activo y al uso de las tic como herramientas instrumentales al servicio de esta disciplina. En un aparente descuido a las competencias docentes para la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas, se revela un vacío estructural que da paso a la siguiente inquietud: ¿qué competencias docentes en tic deben desarrollarse para la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas? En este artículo, se propone un entramado conceptual sobre las competencias docentes en tic para la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas, a partir de la interpretación y la contrastación de data cualitativa proveniente de la revisión documental, otras investigaciones previas y la experiencia intersubjetiva en actividades formativas virtuales. Se concluye de manera provisoria que, la propuesta de las “Competencias pedagógicas digitales en la Administración” (cpda) describe un entramado emergente que, apoyado en un modelo gráfico tipo prisma, sugiere una serie de aproximaciones teóricas sustanciales enfocadas en la integración compleja de cuatro categorías orientadoras asociadas a los dominios instrumental, estructural, experiencial y de innovación; tres categorías contextuales; tres procesuales y sus conceptos-indicadores; que perfilan las competencias docentes en tic para la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas. Se recomienda la profundización orientada a nuevas aproximaciones que enriquezcan este constructo en el ámbito de la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas.  Este texto, em parte, responde aos convites manifestados na revisão documental sobre o debate orientado para a compreensão do objetivo e conhecimentos técnicos da disciplina administrativa; da mesma forma, o desenvolvimento de propostas de formação e atualização docente situadas no estudo de abordagens pedagógicas que privilegiem a aprendizagem ativa e utilizem as tic como ferramentas instrumentais ao serviço desta disciplina. Numa aparente negligência das competências docentes para o ensino das ciências administrativas, revela-se um vazio estrutural que dá lugar à preocupação: Que competências de ensino em tic devem ser desenvolvidas para o ensino das ciências administrativas? Este artigo propõe um arcabouço conceitual sobre competências docentes em tic para o ensino de ciências administrativas, a partir da interpretação e do contraste de dados qualitativos da revisão documental, de outras pesquisas anteriores e da experiência intersubjetiva em atividades formativas virtuais. Conclui-se provisoriamente que a proposta de "Competências pedagógicas digitais em Administração" (cpda) descreve um quadro emergente que, apoiado num modelo gráfico do tipo prisma, sugere uma série de abordagens teóricas substanciais centradas na integração complexa de quatro categorias norteadoras associadas aos domínios instrumental, estrutural, experiencial e inovação; três categorias contextuais, três categorias processuais e seus indicadores-conceitos; que delineiam as competências docentes em tic para o ensino das ciências administrativas. Recomenda-se o aprofundamento orientado para novas abordagens que enriquecem este construto no campo do ensino das ciências administrativas

Combining ability as an efficiency criterion in the parental bean selection

Este trabalho teve por objetivo estimar a capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) e a capacidade específica de combinação (CEC) dos caracteres componentes do rendimento do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), através de cruzamentos dialélicos entre seis genótipos utilizando o método 2, modelo B, proposto por Griffing. O experimento, em blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições, foi conduzido na safra de 1998, onde foram avaliados os seguintes caracteres: peso médio do grão; número de grãos/legume; número de legumes/planta, e rendimento. Os resultados da análise de variância evidenciaram maior importância da CGC em relação à CEC para todos os caracteres. Conforme a estimativa da CGC, o genitor Rudá foi o que apresentou, de modo geral, os melhores valores para os caracteres avaliados. Do mesmo modo, o maior efeito da CEC para os caracteres em geral foi obtido nos cruzamentos envolvendo os genitores Rudá x CI 967/2V, Rudá x FT Nobre e Pérola x CI 9661, determinando a importância desses genitores para os programas de melhoramento do feijão.The objective of the present work was to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in the grain yield traits components through diallel cross of six bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotype using the method 2, model B, suggested by Griffing. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design, with four replications, in 1998. The studied traits were: average weight grain; number of grain/pod; number of pod/plant and grain yield. The results of GCA evidenced more importance than SCA for all traits. According to the estimate of GCA, the parent Rudá showed the best values to the traits evaluated. In this way, the greater effect of SCA for the general traits were to get in wrapping up cross with parent Rudá x CI 967/2V, Rudá x FT Nobre and Pérola x CI 9661, determining the importance of these parents for the species improvement programs

SOLUCIONES LOCALES Y GLOBALES EN UNA ECUACIÓN PARABÓLICA SEMILINEAL

En este trabajo presentamos el estudio de la existencia local, existencia global y la solución de un problema parabólico semilineal. El estudio lo hacemos específicamente, estudiando la ecuación del calor con condiciones de borde Dirichlet en un dominio abierto, acotado, de frontera regular. Abordamos el estudio de la solución local y global, presentamos estimaciones de la solución en espacios finos: que con una hipótesis sobre la no-linealidad, en principio con una condición de signo y luego una condición sobre la derivada, nos permite concluir que existe solución global del problem

Estudio del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas utilizando métodos multivariantes

En el presente trabajo realizamos una comparación del estrés académico en los estudiantes matriculados en la Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas (FCM) de la UNMSM según género, utilizando el instrumento de medida de la Subescala de Estresores Académicos (E-CEA) y métodos multivariantes, en particular la estadística T2 de Hotelling (Johnson y Wichern, 1992), para analizar los datos recolectados. En el diseño muestral, se utilizó el muestreo aleatorio estratificado con afijación proporcional al tamaño de cada estrato (Scheffer y Mendenhall, 2007) considerando como estratos a las Escuelas Académicas Profesionales (E.A.P.) de la FCM. Para el cálculo del tamaño de muestra se consideró un límite para el error de estimación del 5,07 %, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y la información proporcionada por la Dirección Académica de la FCM, de los alumnos matriculados el primer semestre del año académico 2013, el tamaño de muestra fue de 314 alumnos, repartidos en forma proporcional a las cuatro E.A.P. de la FCM. En el mes de julio se aplicó el instrumento de medida de la E-CE

Composição e estrutura de uma floresta ribeirinha em Unango, Norte de Moçambique/ Composition and structure of a riverine forest in Unango, Northern Mozambique

sendo caracterizadas por alta heterogeneidade ambiental e desempenham importantes funções ecológicas como proteger o solo das margens dos rios. Em um fragmento de floresta Ribeirinha ao longo do Rio Luculece no Posto Administrativo de Unango, Norte de Moçambique, realizou-se um estudo do componente arbóreo com o objetivo de determinar a composição florística e estrutura da vegetação. O levantamento fitossociológico foi realizado em uma área de 0,48 ha, onde foram amostradas todas as árvores com DAP ? 5 cm usando parcelas contiguas. Estimaram-se os descritores fitossociológicos empregados usualmente, além das estimativas de diversidade (H’) e equabilidade (J’). A suficiência amostral foi feita através das curvas de rarefação e pelos estimadores não paramétricos Jackknife 1, Jackknife 2, Bootstrap e Chao 2 e ICE. O número de espécies registrados não foi expressivo, a curva de rarefação não atingiu a assíntota.  Foram amostrados 699 indivíduos, pertencentes a 38 espécies e 18 famílias.  Os maiores valores de importância foram registrados para Annona senegalensis Pers., Syn. Pl. (Persoon), Cussonia arborea Hochst. ex A. Rich. e Acacia abyssinica Brenan, Kew Bull, Dichrostachys cinerea Brenan & Brummitt, e Bauhinia petersiana (Oliv.) Brummitt & J.H. Ross e o índice de diversidade foi estimado em 2,835 nats.ind-1 (J’ = 0,779). Esses resultados mostram a necessidade de conservação das matas ribeirinhas da área de estudo. 

Level of blood pressure control in a hypertensive population when measurements are performed outside the clinical setting

Background: To determine whether the number of optimally controlled hypertensive patients is higher using self-measurement of blood pressure at home and ambulatory monitoring, compared to using conventional blood pressure measurements at the doctor&#8217;s office. Method: An observational, cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive study of a random sample of 237 primary health care patients, known to be hypertensive, from Badajoz (Spain). Blood pressure was measured at the doctor&#8217;s office and by self-measurement at home. Those patients showing good control by self-measurement were subjected to 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. Optimal control was understood as blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg when measured at the doctor&#8217;s office, and < 135/85 mm Hg when self-measured at home and by daytime ambulatory monitoring. Results: Mean systolic/diastolic measurements at the doctor&#8217;s office and by self-measurement were 145.6/83.9 and 134.0/78.7 mm Hg, respectively (p < 0.000). In the population optimally controlled by self-measurement and who subsequently received ambulatory monitoring, the mean blood pressure was 121.8/73.4 and 125.6/76.2 mm Hg, respectively (p = 0.002; p < 0.000). When measured at the doctor&#8217;s office blood pressure was controlled in about 29.5% (95% CI 23.7-35.3%) of patients, in 38% when self-measured (95% CI 31.4-44.2%; p < 0.000), and in 24.5% when it was confirmed through ambulatory monitoring (95% CI 15.4-33.6%). Sensitivity and positive predictive values of the office measurements for the detection of patients who were well-controlled by self-measurement were 50% and 64.3%, respectively, and 53.4% and 73.8% as regards ambulatory monitoring. Conclusions: A higher level of control is achieved with self-measurement at home not confirmed by ambulatory monitoring. Therefore, the white coat effect does not seem to influence the percentage of well-controlled patients detected at the doctor&#8217;s office. Office blood pressure does not appear to be useful in distinguishing which individual patients are optimally controlled