Reply to: Shark mortality cannot be assessed by fishery overlap alone

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reply to: Caution over the use of ecological big data for conservation

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Global Spatial Risk Assessment of Sharks Under the Footprint of Fisheries

Effective ocean management and conservation of highly migratory species depends on resolving overlap between animal movements and distributions and fishing effort. Yet, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach combining satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively) and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of high-seas fishing effort. Results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas shark hotspots and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real time, dynamic management

Razão triglicérides/HDL-C e proteína C reativa de alta sensibilidade na avaliação do risco cardiovascular

Introduction: Calculated indexes from laboratory measurements and the determination of plasma markers are commonly used in cardiovascular risk assessment. Objective: To use triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, estimate of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels to the clinical and laboratorial assessment of coronary risk among patients with coronary disease. Material and methods: Sixty patients were chosen accordingly, 36 female (F) (65 ± 9 years of age) and 24 male (M) (55 ± 10 years of age) diagnosed with stable ischemic cardiopathy at Ana Neri Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The investigation was carried out at the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of the College of Pharmacy at Federal University of Bahia (UFBA). Blood samples were collected after a 12-hour fast to determine hs-CRP, lipid profile and risk indicators. All data were assessed through Syncron LX®20 Beckman Coulter. The inferential analysis results were considered significant when p ≤ 5%. Data analysis was carried out with GraphPad Prism® (4.03 version) software. Results: Data analysis showed a positive correlation between hs-CRP and triglycerides/HDL-C ratio only among women (r = 0.4; p = 0.0442), n = 36. The analysis of other parameters did not show any significance. Conclusion: The triglycerides/HDL-C ratio and hs-CRP may be used as indicators of increase in cardiovascular risk among women with coronary artery disease (CAD)

Determinação de HbA1c por CLAE: interferência de variantes de hemoglobinas S e C e alta concentração de HbF

INTRODUÇÃO: O diabetes mellitus (DM) é considerado um problema importante de saúde pública; possui prevalência elevada e nos últimos anos observa-se aumento progressivo na sua incidência. OBJETIVO: verificar possíveis variações na concentração de hemoglobina (Hb) glicada (HbA1c) na presença de Hbs S e C e avaliar o impacto da redução da HbA1c na avaliação clínica e no monitoramento do paciente diabético. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo, 150 indivíduos diabéticos oriundos da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, de ambos os gêneros, com idade média de 56 anos. Foram determinadas a glicemia de jejum e a HbA1c por metodologia de oxidase-peroxidase e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), respectivamente. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas variações na concentração da HbA1c em função da presença de variantes de Hb, como 7,85%, AA; 7,30%, AS e 7,15%, AC. DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: A metodologia analítica a ser utilizada para determinação de HbA1c deve ser escolhida com base nas características gerais da população atendida e nas comorbidades associadas, pois a presença de Hbs S e C ocasiona reduções significativas de glicação. Essa redução pode levar a interpretações clínicas inadequadas relativas ao controle glicêmico dos pacientes