Automorphisms of Nondegenerate CR Quadrics and Siegel Domains: Explicit Description

In this paper we give the complete explicit description of the holomorphicautomorphisms of any nondegenerate CR-quadric Q of arbitrary CRdimensionand codimension and of Siegel domains of second kind with not necessarilyLevi-nondegenerate Silov-boundary.We introduce a family of k-dimensional chains (k = codim Q), the analoguesof one-dimensional Chern-Moser chains for hyperquadrics.We also analyse some different types of rigid quadrics

HeLayers: A Tile Tensors Framework for Large Neural Networks on Encrypted Data

Privacy-preserving solutions enable companies to offload confidential data to third-party services while fulfilling their government regulations. To accomplish this, they leverage various cryptographic techniques such as Homomorphic Encryption (HE), which allows performing computation on encrypted data. Most HE schemes work in a SIMD fashion, and the data packing method can dramatically affect the running time and memory costs. Finding a packing method that leads to an optimal performant implementation is a hard task. We present a simple and intuitive framework that abstracts the packing decision for the user. We explain its underlying data structures and optimizer, and propose a novel algorithm for performing 2D convolution operations. We used this framework to implement an HE-friendly version of AlexNet, which runs in three minutes, several orders of magnitude faster than other state-of-the-art solutions that only use HE.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

APPLIED GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY Improvement of natural isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for synthesis of a chiral building block using classic genetics

Abstract The asymmetric bio-reduction of 4-chloro-acetoacetic-acid-ethyl-ester to the pharmaceutical building block (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate-ethyl-ester requires the utilization of an enantioselective robust biocatalyst. Some of the natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, isolated from Mount Carmel National Park in Israel, were characterized as resistant to environmental stress. Nevertheless, these strains showed relatively low enantiomeric-excess (ee), while a laboratory strain, Y103, exhibited a selectivity of 98% ee. The enantioselective lab strain was crossed with the multi-stress resistant environmental isolate (93% ee) followed by backcross with Y103, to subsequently obtain a haploid offspring of backcross-1, exhibiting both high multistress resistance and high enantioselectivity (98% ee). Introducing osmotic (1 M NaCl), oxidative (0.6 mM H 2 O 2 ) and thermal stress (44°C) to growing cultures of the enantioselective parent, resulted in a decrease of 24-32% in specific activity, while the enantioselectivity of the stress-resistant parent decreased by 4-12% ee. Unlike its original parental strains, the new strain maintained constant specific activity and enantioselectivity when introduced to the various stress factors. This work shows that the classic introgression method, can serve as a viable approach for creating a robust enantioselective biocatalyst, designed for industrial production of chiral compounds

Малогабаритный переход от прямоугольного волновода к микрополосковой линии

Представлено нову конструкцію малогабаритного інтегрального переходу з прямокутного хвилеводу на мікросмужкову лінію. Наведені теоретичні та експериментальні характеристикиThe novel design of small-sized integrated transition from rectangular waveguide to a micro-strip line is submitted. The theoretical and experimental characteristics are givenПредставлена новая конструкция малогабаритного интегрального перехода от прямоугольного волновода к микрополосковой линии. Приведены теоретические и экспериментальные характеристик

The geographic distribution of saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates within three Italian neighboring winemaking regions reveals strong differences in yeast abundance, genetic diversity and industrial strain dissemination

In recent years the interest for natural fermentations has been re-evaluated in terms of increasing the wine terroir and managing more sustainable winemaking practices. Therefore, the level of yeast genetic variability and the abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae native populations in vineyard are becoming more and more crucial at both ecological and technological level. Among the factors that can influence the strain diversity, the commercial starter release that accidentally occur in the environment around the winery, has to be considered. In this study we led a wide scale investigation of S. cerevisiae genetic diversity and population structure in the vineyards of three neighboring winemaking regions of Protected Appellation of Origin, in North-East of Italy. Combining mtDNA RFLP and microsatellite markers analyses we evaluated 634 grape samples collected over 3 years. We could detect major differences in the presence of S. cerevisiae yeasts, according to the winemaking region. The population structures revealed specificities of yeast microbiota at vineyard scale, with a relative Appellation of Origin area homogeneity, and transition zones suggesting a geographic differentiation. Surprisingly, we found a widespread industrial yeast dissemination that was very high in the areas where the native yeast abundance was low. Although geographical distance is a key element involved in strain distribution, the high presence of industrial strains in vineyard reduced the differences between populations. This finding indicates that industrial yeast diffusion it is a real emergency and their presence strongly interferes with the natural yeast microbiota

A Tradeoff Drives the Evolution of Reduced Metal Resistance in Natural Populations of Yeast

Various types of genetic modification and selective forces have been implicated in the process of adaptation to novel or adverse environments. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood in most natural populations. Here we report that a set of yeast strains collected from Evolution Canyon (EC), Israel, exhibit an extremely high tolerance to the heavy metal cadmium. We found that cadmium resistance is primarily caused by an enhanced function of a metal efflux pump, PCA1. Molecular analyses demonstrate that this enhancement can be largely attributed to mutations in the promoter sequence, while mutations in the coding region have a minor effect. Reconstruction experiments show that three single nucleotide substitutions in the PCA1 promoter quantitatively increase its activity and thus enhance the cells' cadmium resistance. Comparison among different yeast species shows that the critical nucleotides found in EC strains are conserved and functionally important for cadmium resistance in other species, suggesting that they represent an ancestral type. However, these nucleotides had diverged in most Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations, which gave cells growth advantages under conditions where cadmium is low or absent. Our results provide a rare example of a selective sweep in yeast populations driven by a tradeoff in metal resistance