Education and training in the implementation of kangaroo mother care

Q338-4

Kenguruhoidon toteuttaminen vastasyntyneiden teho-osastolla

Tutkimushanke liittyi Helsingin ja Uudenmaan sairaanhoitopiirin Lasten ja nuorten sairaalan vastasyntyneiden teho-osastolla tehtävään kenguruhoidon kehittämisprojektiin. Interventiotutkimuksen keinoin selvitettiin kenguruhoidon toteutusohjeiden toimeenpanon ja siihen liittyvän systemaattisen koulutuksen vaikutuksia vastasyntyneiden teho-osastolla annettavaan kenguruhoidon toteutumiseen. Interventiona tutkimuksessa olivat toteusohjeet ja koulutus. Tavoitteena oli vahvistaa moniammatillisen työryhmän tietoisuutta kenguruhoidosta ja varhaisesta vuorovaikutuksesta sekä antaa valmiuksia niiden toteuttamiseen ja tukemiseen. Tarkastelemalla kenguruhoitoa koskevaa kirjaamista potilaspapereista, annettua koulutusta ja kenguruhoidon toteutumisesta kerättyä kuukausitilastoa voitiin selvittää intervention vaikutuksia. Tutkimuskysymykset olivat: 1.Miten kenguruhoito toteutui ennen interventiota? 2.Miten interventioon liittyvä koulutus toteutui? 3.Miten kenguruhoito toteutui toteutusohjeiden antamisen jälkeen ja koulutuksen aikana? Osaston sähköiseen potilastietojärjestelmään luotiin ennen tutkimuksen alkamista kenguruhoidon seurantasivu, josta suurin osa tutkimukseen käytetyistä tiedoista oli saatavissa. Tulokset analysoitiin tilastollisin menetelmin ja sisällön analyysilla. Tarve kenguruhoidon toteuttamista edistävän toiminnan kehittämiselle oli merkittävä ja osaston toiminnan, henkilökunnan ammattitaidon sekä potilaiden ja heidän perheidensä kannalta keskeinen. Julkaistut kenguruhoidon toteutusohjeet ja annettu koulutus lisäsivät kenguruhoidon toteutumista osastolla aikaisempaa useamman potilasryhmän osalta. Tutkimuksessa tuli esille osaston tiloista ja niiden vanhanaikaisuudesta nousevia kenguruhoidon toetuttamisen esteitä. Tutkimuksessa osaston kuormitusprosentti vaikutti kenguruhoidon toteutumiseen siten, että kuormituksen olessa vähäisempää kenguruhoitoa toteutettiin enemmän

Neonataaliosastojen Vauvamyönteisyysohjelman (Neo-BFHI) suositusten toteutuminen vastasyntyneiden teho- ja tarkkailuosastoilla Suomessa

VertaisarvioituVauvamyönteisyysohjelma (Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, BFHI) on UNICEFin ja Maailman Terveysjärjestön vuonna 1991 lanseeraama ohjeisto imetyksen edistämiseksi ja suojelemiseksi (WHO 2018b)

Expansion of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding into Neonatal Intensive Care: Expert Group Recommendations

In the World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Fund document Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: Revised, Updated and Expanded for Integrated Care, neonatal care is mentioned as 1 area that would benefit from expansion of the original Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. The different situations faced by preterm and sick infants and their mothers, compared to healthy infants and their mothers, necessitate a specific breastfeeding policy for neonatal intensive care and require that health care professionals have knowledge and skills in lactation and breastfeeding support, including provision of antenatal information, that are specific to neonatal care. Facilitation of early, continuous, and prolonged skin-to-skin contact (kangaroo mother care), early initiation of breastfeeding, and mothers' access to breastfeeding support during the infants' whole hospital stay are important. Mother's own milk or donor milk (when available) is the optimal nutrition. Efforts should be made to minimize parent-infant separation and facilitate parents' unrestricted presence with their infants. The initiation and continuation of breastfeeding should be guided only by infant competence and stability, using a semi-demand feeding regimen during the transition to exclusive breastfeeding. Pacifiers are appropriate during tube-feeding, for pain relief, and for calming infants. Nipple shields can be used for facilitating establishment of breastfeeding, but only after qualified support and attempts at the breast. Alternatives to bottles should be used until breastfeeding is well established. The discharge program should include adequate preparation of parents, information about access to lactation and breastfeeding support, both professional and peer support, and a plan for continued follow-up

Expansion of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding into Neonatal Intensive Care: Expert Group Recommendations for Three Guiding Principles

The World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Fund Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: Revised, Updated, and Expanded for Integrated Care (2009) identifies the need for expanding the guidelines originally developed for maternity units to include neonatal intensive care. For this purpose, an expert group from the Nordic countries and Quebec, Canada, prepared a draft proposal, which was discussed at an international workshop in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2011. The expert group suggests the addition of 3 "Guiding Principles" to the Ten Steps to support this vulnerable population of mothers and infants: 1. The staff attitude to the mother must focus on the individual mother and her situation. 2. The facility must provide family-centered care, supported by the environment. 3. The health care system must ensure continuity of care, that is, continuity of pre-, peri-, and postnatal care and post-discharge care. The goal of the expert group is to create a final document, the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Units, including standards and criteria for each of the 3 Guiding Principles, Ten Steps, and the Code; to develop tools for self-appraisal and monitoring compliance with the guidelines; and for external assessment to decide whether neonatal intensive/intermediate care units meet the conditions required to be designated as Baby-Friendly. The documents will be finalized after consultation with the World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Fund, and the goal is to offer these documents to international health care, professional, and other nongovernmental organizations involved in lactation and breastfeeding support for mothers of infants who require special neonatal care