Zaburzenia odżywiania – problem wciąż aktualny = Eating disorders – an ongoing problem

Rzońca Ewa, Bień Agnieszka, Iwanowicz-Palus Grażyna. Zaburzenia odżywiania – problem wciąż aktualny = Eating disorders – an ongoing problem. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):267-273. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.198734 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4053 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.12.2016. Revised 09.12.2016. Accepted: 09.12.2016. Zaburzenia odżywiania – problem wciąż aktualny Eating disorders – an ongoing problem Ewa Rzońca, Agnieszka Bień, Grażyna Iwanowicz-Palus Zakład Podstaw Położnictwa, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Department of the Basics of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin Słowa kluczowe: zaburzenia odżywiania, ortoreksja, anoreksja, pregoreksja, bulimia, otyłość Key words: nutritional disorder, orthorexia nervosa, anorexia, pregorexia, bulimia nervosa, obesity STRESZCZENIE Na przestrzeni ostatnich lat w krajach zachodnich nastąpił wzrost zachorowań na zaburzenia odżywiania, u podłoża, których podkreślane są zmiany społeczno-kulturowe. Zaburzenia odżywiania, takie jak ortoreksja, anoreksja, pregorekscja, bulimia czy otyłość to nieprawidłowe zachowania w obszarze nawyków żywieniowych, które prowadzą do znacznych zakłóceń masy ciała. Stanowią istotny problem zdrowotny, który dotyka głównie dziewczęta oraz młode kobiety, powodujący wiele negatywnych konsekwencji zarówno zdrowotnych, psychologicznych, jak i społecznych dla osoby chorej. Złożona etiologia zaburzeń odżywiania wymaga interdyscyplinarnego podejścia, uwzględniającego m. in. modyfikację stylu życia, w szczególności zachowań żywieniowych, wsparcie psychologiczne czy postępowanie farmakologiczne. ABSTRACT Recent years have seen an increase in the occurrence of eating disorders in Western countries, with sociocultural changes being one of the main reasons for this trend. Eating disorders, such as anorexia, pregorexia, bulimia or obesity, are abnormal behaviours related to eating habits, which lead to serious disturbances in body weight. They are a major health problem mostly in girls and young women, negatively affecting their physical health, mental condition and social life in many different ways. The complex etiology of eating disorders requires an interdisciplinary approach, including methods such as change of lifestyle, in particular eating habits, psychological support and pharmacological treatment

Opinions and attitudes of women towards breastfeeding

Introduction. Breast milk constitutes the integral part of feeding schedule of infants for the first year of their lives or even longer. According to recommendations of American, The ESPHAGAN Committee on Nutrition and The World Health Organization breastfeeding ought to be an exclusive way of infant feeding for the first six months of their lives. The aim of the study was to assess the attitudes of women towards breastfeeding and sociodemographic factors influencing these attitudes. Material and method. The research has been conducted among 262 women found in the following hospital wards: the pathology of pregnancy and the obstetrics and neonatal wards. The instrument of our research was our own survey questionnaire and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale.Results. The average result of The Iowa in the studied group is 66,72 (±8,75).The highest results refer to the following statements: ‘breastfeeding strengthens the bond between an infant and its mother’ (4,70±0,78), ‘breast milk is ideal nourishment for infants’ (4,67±0,74) and ‘breast milk is cheaper than artificial milk’ (4,54±0,92). Married women showed more positive attitude towards the issue of breastfeeding (p=0,004). Two other groups with the above inclination make the women who had one child (p=0,044) and those who breastfed their children for two years (p=0,000).Conclusions. The most positive beliefs related to breastfeeding refer to the special relation between an infant and its mother, the belief that breastfeeding is an ideal solution for a baby and the appreciation of its economical aspect. Women are aware of the fact that breastfeeding is a challenge for them. Two main factors influence their opinion: the age of women and the number of births

Nesting behaviour of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) females kept in aviaries

For many bird species in captivity best practice for incubation procedures have yet to be developed. This is hampered by a lack of cooperation between bird breeders or by a reluctance to experiment on valuable eggs. The last two problems may be solved by observation of natural incubation, which technology has made a lot easier. Many studies document incubation behavior: daily time spend in the nest, preferred hours of making absences, egg turning rate, incubation temperature. Such data is scientifically interesting but also allows for better protection of endangered species through development of captive breeding programmes. The Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) is a threatened species over much of its European range and various conservation actions are being taken to save populations from global or local extinction. Our study took place in Capercaillie Breeding Centre in Wisła Forestry District and describes nesting and incubation behaviour of Capercaillie females kept in captivity. Our aim was to better document the nesting behaviour by recording egg turning rate, and the time and length of incubation recesses. Time of day and day of incubation had no significant influence on recess length, but number of recesses was related with time of day with two peaks at 06:00 h and18:00 h. Egg turning activity was the greatest during the first and last two days of incubation but generally consistent throughout the rest of incubation. Captive hens spent less time outside of the nest than wild ones, their absences were shorter, rarer and took place mostly at the evening. However, differences in preferred absence hours were not as clearly marked as in case of wild birds. It is hoped that this information will help improve management practises to maximise the reproductive output of captive Capercaillie

Midwife in the prevention of preterm birth

Grzesik Gąsior Joanna, Granisz Ewelina, Bień Agnieszka, Rzońca Ewa. Midwife in the prevention of preterm birth. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(8):1461-1476. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1064797 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5057 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/838492 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2017. Revised: 12.08.2017. Accepted: 31.08.2017. Położna w profilaktyce porodów przedwczesnych Midwife in the prevention of preterm birth Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior1, Ewelina Granisz1, Agnieszka Bień2, Ewa Rzońca2 1 Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Podstaw Położnictwa, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Student Research Group of the Department of the Basics of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2 Zakład Podstaw Położnictwa, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Department of the Basics of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin STRESZCZENIE Występowanie porodu przedwczesnego stanowi ogromne wyzwanie dla współczesnego położnictwa. Pomimo ciągłego rozwoju opieki prenatalnej częstość występowania porodu przedwczesnego pozostaje na stałym poziomie od wielu lat. Opracowywanie metod jego profilaktyki jest przedmiotem zainteresowań wielu badaczy zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie. Wskutek wieloczynnikowej etiologii postępowanie w przypadku tej patologii jest bardzo trudne i nie ma jednej drogi, która skutecznie wyeliminuje zagrożenie. Najbardziej skuteczna wydaje się być promocja zdrowia i wdrażanie postępowania profilaktycznego nie tylko w ciąży, ale także w okresie przedkoncepcyjnym, głównie poprzez edukację w zakresie prozdrowotnego stylu życia. Pracownicy ochrony zdrowia, w tym położne powinni dokładać wszelkich starań mających na celu zminimalizowanie skutków, jakie niesie ze sobą zagrożenie przedwczesnym porodem, między innymi poprzez wdrażanie działań profilaktycznych. Celem pracy jest ukazanie zadań położnej w profilaktyce porodu przedwczesnego, na wszystkich poziomach prewencji. Słowa kluczowe: profilaktyka, położna, poród przedwczesny ABSTRACT Preterm birth is an enormous challenge for the modern obstetrics. Despite the fact that there is a continuous development of prenatal care, the frequency of preterm birth occurrence remains constant. The development of its prophylaxis methods is of utmost interest for many researchers and scholars in Poland and in the world. As a result of multifactorial etiology, the procedure in case of this pathology is vastly difficult and there is no one way, which could effectively eliminate the risk of preterm birth. The most effective way to prevent this kind of pathology, seems to be health promotion and the implementation of prophylaxis methods, not only during the period of pregnancy but also in the pre-pregnancy period. This can be achieved through the education in the field of healthy lifestyle. Health care workers, including midwives, should make every effort to reduce the effects of the preterm birth occurrence. This should be executed by the implementation of the prophylactic methods. The aim of this article is to show the midwife’s responsibilities in the prevention of preterm birth at all levels of its prophylaxis. Key words: prophylaxis, midwife, preterm birt

Burn analysis in adult patients hospitalized in the East Centre of Burn Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery in Łęczna

Introduction: Burns are one of the most serious body injuries, which are most frequently sustained by children and older people. In Poland the morality of burn victims is decreasing due to the development of specialized burn treatment centres. Despite huge financial resources and human capital invested in the organization of burn treatment system, the hospitalization time is still long due to the specificity of injuries and their treatment. Material and methods: Records of the adult patients being burn victims hospitalized in the East Centre of Burn Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery in Łęczna were analysed. The analysed data were collected within the period of two years (01.01.2013 - 31.12.2014). Results: Over 70% out of 538 people admitted to the East Centre of Burn Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery in Łęczna were victims of the third-degree burns, among them (over 70%) were men. The average hospitalization time was 21 days and it was longer the higher was the degree of the burns. The depth of burns and body surface area affected by the burns also caused longer hospitalization time. Conclusions: Burn victims are most frequently adult men. Parts of the upper body are most frequently affected by burns. The basic factors determining the survival of the patients are supporting bodily functions after the injury and fast implementation of specialized treatment plan

Health-related behaviors among pregnant women with hypertension

Introduction. The healthy and unhealthy behaviors of a pregnant woman influence both her own health and that of her unborn child, affecting its future development. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the health-related behaviors of pregnant women with hypertension. Material i method. The study was performed between November 2011 and February 2012 and included 80 hypertensive pregnant women hospitalized in a high risk pregnancy ward. The study used a diagnostic survey with questionnaires. Results. Statistical analyses showed a correlation between the respondents’ health-related behaviors and their socio-demographic characteristics: exercise was correlated with age (p=0.01), and rest during the day was correlated with support in everyday responsibilities (p<0.00001), and with the respondents’ socio-economic standing (p=0.03). Correlations were also found between healthy eating habits and residence (0.006), education (p=0.05), and sodium intake (p=0.0003), as well as between education and substance use (p=0.0003). Conclusion. Health-related behaviors of pregnant women with hypertension are influenced by their education, support they receive in daily responsibilities, and their socio-economic standing. The diagnosis of hypertension in pregnant women does not necessarily prompt them to discontinue all unhealthy behaviors

Suspected Miscarriage in the Experience of Emergency Medical Services Teams—Preliminary Study

Vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain are symptoms indicative of a threat to pregnancy that prompt women to seek assistance from health care professionals. The purpose of the study was to present the characteristics of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) team interventions in cases of suspected miscarriage. The study involved a retrospective analysis of EMS team interventions in cases of suspected miscarriage carried out between January 2018 and December 2019 in Poland. Data obtained from Poland’s National Monitoring Center of Emergency Medical Services included emergency medical procedure records and EMS team dispatch records in electronic format. The mean patient age was 30.53 years. Most were primiparous (48.90%) and up to the 13th gestational week (76.65%). The most commonly reported symptom was vaginal bleeding (80.71%). EMS teams were most commonly dispatched in the winter (27.03%), between 7 A.M. and 6:59 P.M. (51.87%), in urban areas (69.23%), with urgency code 2 (55.60%), and in most cases, they transferred the patient to a hospital (97.53%). The present study addresses very important issues concerning the characteristics of Polish suspected miscarriage cases handled by different EMS team types, in different locations (urban vs. rural areas), and concerning patients in a different obstetric situation (gestational week, gravidity, parity). Our findings suggest a need for further studies in this field and for gestational health promotion activities to be implemented, specifically including actions to reduce the risk of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy

Retrospective Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Induction of Childbirth in 4350 Women from a Single Center in Warsaw, Poland

Labor induction is one of the most common procedures performed during childbirth, on average in 20–30% of all pregnant women. The aim of this paper was to perform a retrospective analysis of the factors influencing the induction of childbirth. The data provide population-based evidence for Poland (Masovian Voivodeship). The electronic patient records of a hospital in Warsaw were used to create an anonymous retrospective database of all deliveries from 2015 to 2020. The study included an analysis of two groups of patients. The study group consisted of patients with labor induction—4350 cases, and the control group of patients with spontaneous contractions—20,345. The factors influencing the lower frequency of labor induction in the study group were previous cesarean section (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.64–0.84, p < 0.05) and a higher number of deliveries (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.68–0.80, p < 0.05). It is necessary to conduct further research about obstetric procedures used during childbirth, such as induction of childbirth, to reduce the risk of complications and improve the perinatal care of the mother and the neonate

Association between Parity and Preterm Birth—Retrospective Analysis from a Single Center in Poland

Preterm births and parity are two medical areas that seem to be entirely different from each other. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between parity and maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with preterm birth. This study involved a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from St. Sophia Hospital in Warsaw (Poland). This study was conducted among women who gave birth to preterm infants between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021. A total of 2043 cases of preterm births were included in the final analysis. A higher odds ratio of preterm birth in primiparas was found in women living in a city/town (OR = 1.56) and having secondary (OR = 1.46) and higher education (OR = 1.82). Multiparas who gave birth to preterm infants were more frequently diagnosed with gestational diabetes (19.69%) than primiparas. Multiparas were more likely to give birth to preterm infants who received an Apgar score of ≤7 both at 1 and 5 min after birth (25.80% and 15.34%). The results of our study emphasize the differences between primiparas and multiparas who give birth to preterm infants. Knowledge of these differences is essential to improve the perinatal care provided to mothers and their infants