Chemical constituents of the underground stem bark of Duguetia furfuracea (Annonaceae)

In the present investigation the underground parts of Duguetia furfuracea (Annonaceae) were used to conduct a phytochemical study that included the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay. The substances (-)-duguetine beta-N-oxide, (-)-duguetine, dicentrinone, (-)-N-methyltetrahydropalmatine, and (+)-N-methylglaucine were isolated from the alkaloid extract of the bark of the underground stem, and the ureide allantoin was also isolated by precipitation from the ethanol extract of the wood of the underground stem. A fresh volatile oil and a nonpolar extract were also obtained from the underground stem bark. The substances 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene, a-gurjunene, aromadendrene, bicyclogermacrene, (E)-methylisoeugenol, and alpha-asarone were isolated from the fresh volatile oil and polycarpol, beta-caryophyllene oxide, 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene, a-asarone, and asaraldehyde were obtained from the petroleum ether extract. The present study describes for the first time the alkaloid (-)-duguetine beta-N-oxide and the occurrence of (-)-N-methyltetrahydropalmatine and (+)-N-methylglaucine in the family Annonaceae. All extracts were active in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay

Creatine users profile of musculation academies

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil dos frequentadores de academias de musculação que consomem creatina. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal. A amostra foi composta por 93 indivíduos praticantes de musculação que faziam uso de creatina como suplementação. Os participantes foram selecionados em oito academias de musculação de elevado poder aquisitivo da cidade de Montes Claros-MG. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável com variáveis sociodemográficas, perfil de saúde e perfil do usuário quanto ao consumo de creatina. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva (frequência e porcentagens). Foi utilizando o programa Statical Package for Social Science (SPSS), versão 18.0. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), nº 2189/10. Resultados: Dos 93 participantes, distribuídos em 8 academias de musculação, observou-se que mais de 63% possuía idade entre 20 a 30 anos e 91,4% dos participantes eram do sexo masculino. Destes, 45% fazia uso contínuo de creatina e quase 40% tinha como objetivo o ganho de massa magra. Conclusão: Foi encontrada prevalência elevada de praticantes de musculação usuários de suplementação que fazem ingestão de forma contínua de creatina. ABSTRACTCreatine users profile of musculation academies Objective: To identify the profile of creatine consumers from fitness club. Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample consisted of 93 bodybuilders who used creatine as supplementation. The participants were selected from eight high-power training academies in the city of Montes Claros-MG. For data collection, a self-administered questionnaire was used with sociodemographic variables, health profile and user profile regarding creatine consumption. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages). It was used the program Statical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 18.0. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), nº 2189/10. Results: Of the 93 participants distributed in 8 fitness centers, we observed that over 63% were between 20 and 30 years old, and 91.4% of the participants were male. 45% of these bodybuilders make continuous use of creatine and almost 40% aim to gain lean mass. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of bodybuilders supplementation users who make continuous use of creatine.Objective: To identify the profile of creatine consumers from fitness club. Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample consisted of 93 bodybuilders who used creatine as supplementation. The participants were selected from eight high-power training academies in the city of Montes Claros-MG. For data collection, a self-administered questionnaire was used with sociodemographic variables, health profile and user profile regarding creatine consumption. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages). It was used the program Statical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 18.0. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), nº 2189/10. Results: Of the 93 participants distributed in 8 fitness centers, we observed that over 63% were between 20 and 30 years old, and 91.4% of the participants were male. 45% of these bodybuilders make continuous use of creatine and almost 40% aim to gain lean mass. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of bodybuilders supplementation users who make continuous use of creatine

Prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 variants in the Federal District, Central Brazil

We report the prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) variants in women with cervical lesions from the Federal District, Central Brazil. We analyzed 34 HPV-16 samples, identifying the sequence variations of E6 and L1 genes and correlating variant frequency with disease status. The most prevalent HPV-16 variant was the European (50%), followed by Asian-American (41.2%), African-1 (5.9%), and African-2 (2.9%). European and non-European variants appeared in equal frequencies among the cytological types of lesions - atypical squamous or glandular cells of undetermined significance, cytological alterations suggesting HPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasias, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma

Violence and post-traumatic stress disorder in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: the protocol for an epidemiological and genetic survey

Background: violence is a public health major concern, and it is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychiatric outcomes. Brazil is one of the most violent countries in the world, and has an extreme social inequality. Research on the association between violence and mental health may support public health policy and thus reduce the burden of disease attributable to violence. the main objectives of this project were: to study the association between violence and mental disorders in the Brazilian population; to estimate the prevalence rates of exposure to violence, post-traumatic stress disorder, common metal disorder, and alcohol hazardous use and dependence: and to identify contextual and individual factors, including genetic factors, associated with the outcomes.Methods/design: one phase cross-sectional survey carried out in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A multistage probability to size sampling scheme was performed in order to select the participants (3000 and 1500 respectively). the cities were stratified according to homicide rates, and in São Paulo the three most violent strata were oversampled. the measurements included exposure to traumatic events, psychiatric diagnoses (CIDI 2.1), contextual (homicide rates and social indicators), and individual factors, such as demographics, social capital, resilience, help seeking behaviours. the interviews were carried between June/2007 February/2008, by a team of lay interviewers. the statistical analyses will be weight-adjusted in order to take account of the design effects. Standardization will be used in order to compare the results between the two centres. Whole genome association analysis will be performed on the 1 million SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) arrays, and additional association analysis will be performed on additional phenotypes. the Ethical Committee of the Federal University of São Paulo approved the study, and participants who matched diagnostic criteria have been offered a referral to outpatient clinics at the Federal University of São Paulo and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro