Estudo radiográfico da prevalência de periodontite apical e tratamento endodôntico na população adulta de São Luís, MA, Brasil

This study investigated the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and its association with endodontically treated teeth in residents of São Luís, MA, Brazil. Two-hundred complete series of periapical radiographs taken over a 10-year period (1993-2003) were retrieved from the files of four prosthesists and five periodontists. The Periapical Index (PAI) was used and the age range, sex, tooth groups, location and association with endodontic treatment (ET) were also analyzed. The Cohen Kappa and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Out of 200 patients, 135 presented at least one case of AP, which corresponds to a prevalence of 67.5%. Of the 5008 teeth examined, 296 had AP and 553 had ET. Therefore, considering the total number of teeth, AP and ET prevalences were 5.9% and 11%, respectively. Of the 553 endodontically treated teeth, 235 (42.5%) were associated with AP. Chi-square test showed a strong correlation between AP and ET (pO objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência de Periodontite Apical (PA) e sua associação com dentes tratados endodonticamente em residentes de São Luís, MA, Brasil. Foram selecionadas 200 séries completas de radiografias periapicais de arquivos de quatro protesistas e cinco periodontistas dos últimos 10 anos (1993-2003). O Índice Periapical (PAI) foi utilizado e a faixa etária, sexo, grupos dentais, localização de maior prevalência e associação aos dentes com tratamento endodôntico (TE) foram analisados. Os testes Cohen Kappa e qui-quadrado foram utilizados para análise estatística. Dos registros de 200 pacientes, 135 apresentavam algum caso de PA, resultando numa prevalência de 67,5%. Do total de 5008 dentes, 296 tinham PA e 553 tinham TE. Desse modo, a prevalência de PA foi de 5.8% e de TE foi de 11%. Dos 553 casos de dentes tratados endodonticamente, 235 (42.5%) estavam associados com PA. A faixa etária de 40 anos foi significativamente mais prevalente (p;0.05). O grupo dental mais acometido foi dos incisivos superiores (

Correlation between the Periapical Index and Lesion Volume in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images

Introduction: The study aimed to correlate the Periapical Index (PAI), obtained by way of periapical radiographs, with the volume of chronic periapical lesion, obtained through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), in the permanent teeth. Methods and Materials: Radiographs and CBCT images were selected from 35 single-rooted permanent teeth, with fully formed apices, with a diagnosis of pulp necrosis and chronic apical periodontitis that was radiographically visible. Two independent raters evaluated the radiographs on two separate occasions and classified the periapical lesions in accordance with Ørstavik’s PAI. The periapical lesion volume was calculated in the CBCT images. The correlation between the PAI and the lesion volume was calculated using Spearman’s correlation test. Results: There was a positive, moderate correlation between the PAI and the volume (rs=0.596; P<0.001) where rs2 is equal to 0.355, showing that only 35% of the PAI variation was dependent upon the variation in periapical lesion volume. Conclusion: The radiographic evaluation of the periapical lesion does not reflect the lesion’s volumetric characteristics as the volume had a moderate effect on the choice of PAI score.Keywords: Apical Periodontitis; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Endodontics; Periapical Radiograph

Clinical Efficiency of Two Sequences of Orthodontic Wires to Correct Crowding of the Lower Anterior Teeth

This study compared time to correction of mandibular anterior crowding using two arch wire sequences, one with conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) arch wires and the other with conventional and NiTi heat-activated arch wires. Twenty-two boys and girls (mean age: 16.68 ± 2.66) with moderate crowding (3–6 mm) were assigned randomly to one of two groups and followed up for five months (six assessments) when arch wires were changed. Time to crowding correction was analyzed statistically using the Kaplan-Meier method. Data were collected during the five-month follow-up, and time to correction was compared between groups using the log rank test. At the end of follow-up, mandibular crowding was corrected in 100% of the cases in the group treated with the sequence that included NiTi heat-activated arch wires, whereas about 30% of those treated with NiTi arch wires were not completely corrected. There was a significant difference in time to complete treatment between groups (log rank = 5.996; p<0.05). In the group treated with the sequence that included heat-activated wires, alignment and leveling of mandibular anterior teeth were completed earlier than in the group treated only with conventional NiTi arch wires. Clinical trial registration is found at RBR-7g5zng

COMPORTAMENTO AMBIENTAL LIGADO ÀS ATIVIDADES ODONTOLÓGICAS EM SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO / ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR LINKED TO DENTAL ACTIVITIES IN SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO, BRAZIL

Introdução: Os serviços odontológicos geram resíduos que causam risco à saúde pública, ocupacional e ambiental e seus responsáveis técnicos devem implantar um plano de gerenciamento de resíduos. No Brasil, a classe odontológica conhece pouco o impacto ambiental causado por suas atividades. Verificou-se a necessidade de avaliar o comportamento ambiental dessa classe no município de São Luís (MA). Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento ambiental da classe odontológica no município de São Luís (MA) e verificar como é realizado o esgotamento de fluidos contaminados assim como a coleta e o tratamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS), produzidos por essa classe. Métodos: Um questionário foi aplicado aos cirurgiões-dentistas e foram feitas entrevistas com os representantes das empresas responsáveis pelo descarte de resíduos odontológicos, sólidos e líquidos. Após cálculo amostral, foram selecionados 78 consultórios e/ou clínicas odontológicas cadastrados na Vigilância Sanitária do Município. Resultados: O comportamento ambiental dos dentistas está aquém do necessário. Observou-se que 67,6% dos dentistas não conhecem as resoluções da ANVISA - RDC 306 e CONAMA 358, que tratam do gerenciamento dos RSS. Não existe tratamento de esgoto diferenciado para os consultórios. O lixo odontológico é incinerado pela empresa coletora de lixo especial, sendo que 91,89% dos dentistas contratam este tipo de serviço somente por obrigação legal. Conclusão: Os cirurgiões dentistas, no município de São Luís (MA), podem contribuir com o meio ambiente ao assumir sua responsabilidade ambiental, desde que sigam as normas de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Saúde e passem a realizar uma odontologia ambientalmente sustentável, pautada por uma maior consciência ambiental.Palavras-chave: Resíduos odontológicos. Gerenciamento de resíduos. Meio ambiente. AbstractIntroduction: That dental service generate waste that cause risk to the public, occupational and environmental health, its technical experts should implement a waste management plan. In Brazil, the dental profession knows little about environmental impact caused by its activities. Thus, it was observed the need to assess the environmental performance of the dental profession in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Objective: to evaluate the environmental performance of the dental profession in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil and checking is performed as the depletion of contaminated fluids and the collection and treatment of waste Health Services produced by this class. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to dentists and interviews with representatives of the companies responsible for the disposal of dental waste, solid and liquid. After sample size calculation, we selected 78 offices and / or dental clinics registered with the Health Surveillance Municipality. Results: It was observed that the environmental performance of the dentists is not high enough. 67.6% of dentists do not know the resolutions of ANVISA - RDC 306 and CONAMA 358 which deal with Waste Management of Health Services. According to the depletion of fluid bodies no sewage treatment for offices. The garbage is incinerated by dental company collecting garbage especially being that 91.89% of dentists hire this type of service, only by legal obligation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the dentists in São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil, can contribute to the environment by taking their share of environmental responsibility, provided they follow the rules of Waste Management of Health and start to perform a dental environmentally sustainable, guided by greater environmental awareness.Keywords: Dental waste. Waste management. Environment

Antimicrobial action of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy with sonic activation in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis

New protocols are constantly being tested in the search for complete disinfection of root canals without the undesirable effects of sodium hypochlorite. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with s

Radiopacity of Methacrylate and Silorane Composite Resins Using a Digital Radiographic System

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of silorane and methacrylate resin composites, comparing them to the enamel, dentin, and aluminum penetrometer using a digital image. From six resin composites (Filtek™ P90, Filtek Z350, Filtek Z350 XT flow, Tetric Ceram, TPH Spectrum, and SureFil SDR flow) cylindrical disks (5 × 1 mm) were made and radiographed by a digital method, together with a 15-step aluminum step-wedge and a 1 mm slice of human tooth. The degree of radiopacity of each image was quantified using digital image processing. The mean values of the shades of gray of the tested materials were measured and the equivalent width of aluminum was calculated for each resin. The results of our work yielded the following radiopacity values, given here in descending order: Tetric Ceram > TPH > SDR > Z350 > Z350 flow > P90 > enamel > dentin. The radiopacity of the materials was different both for the enamel and for the dentin, except for resin P90, which was no different than enamel. In conclusion, silorane-based resin exhibited a radiopacity higher than dentin and closest to the enamel; a large portion of the methacrylate-based flow and conventional resins demonstrated greater radiopacity in comparison to dentin and enamel

Effect of Anatomical Customization of the Fiber Post on the Bond Strength of a Self-Adhesive Resin Cement

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate, by means of the push-out test, the effect of the anatomical customization of the fiber post on the bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement. Methods. Twelve endodontically treated, human, upper central incisors were randomly divided into two groups (n=6): control (glass fiber posts cemented with Relyx® U200) and customized (glass fiber posts anatomically customized with translucent composite resin cemented with Relyx U200). The roots were sectioned into three slices, cervical, middle, and apical, and photographed with a digital camera attached to a stereomicroscopic loupe. The images were analyzed by software, for evaluation of the cement line. The slices were subsequently submitted to the push-out test until the post had completely extruded, and the fracture mode was analyzed with a stereomicroscopic loupe. Results. The results showed significant differences between the groups in the different root thirds in relation to the area occupied by air bubbles (p<0.05). Bond strength, when all the thirds are considered, was 8.77 ± 4.89 MPa for the control group and 16.96 ± 4.85 MPa for the customized group. Conclusion. The customized group showed greater bond resistance than the control group and a more uniform cement layer