Impactos do Novo Regime Fiscal na saúde e educação

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Impacts Of The New Fiscal Regime On Health And Education

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Category Theory for Autonomous Robots: The Marathon 2 Use Case

Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is a methodology that exploits system representation during the entire system life-cycle. The use of formal models has gained momentum in robotics engineering over the past few years. Models play a crucial role in robot design; they serve as the basis for achieving holistic properties, such as functional reliability or adaptive resilience, and facilitate the automated production of modules. We propose the use of formal conceptualizations beyond the engineering phase, providing accurate models that can be leveraged at runtime. This paper explores the use of Category Theory, a mathematical framework for describing abstractions, as a formal language to produce such robot models. To showcase its practical application, we present a concrete example based on the Marathon 2 experiment. Here, we illustrate the potential of formalizing systems -- including their recovery mechanisms -- which allows engineers to design more trustworthy autonomous robots. This, in turn, enhances their dependability and performance

"Subindo a serra": migrações, indústria madeireira e as transformações da paisagem nos campos de altitude no Rio Grande do Sul (1890-1970)

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, Florianópolis, 2015.No Bioma Mata Atlântica, no extremo nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul, está localizada a fitofisionomia de Campos de Altitude. Uma das características especificas desta região são as áreas de contato e intersecção com a Floresta Ombrófila Mista, compondo uma paisagem dicotômica. Esta formação de intersecção entre Floresta e Campo influenciou a ocupação, a economia e a cultura local. A partir de 1890 inicia-se com maior intensidade um fluxo demográfico, saindo da área inicial de colonização Italiana e Alemã na Floresta Ombrófila Mista para sua área limítrofe; os Campos de Altitude. Uma das principais atividades destes e destas migrantes foi a indústria madeireira, baseada na extração da Araucária Angustifólia. Com o esgotamento, na década de 1970, do volume madeirável, pode-se dizer que houve marcadamente uma queda de atração populacional para a região. Com a perspectiva da História Ambiental, busca-se entender as dinâmicas de adaptação e atuação dos(as) migrantes nestas diferentes paisagens. O conjunto de fontes analisadas compreende História Oral, relatórios e mensagens de governo, os censos demográficos, as correspondências municipais, legislação estadual e municipal e iconografia. As memórias desta migração permitem entrever as transformações das paisagens opostas e complementares: o campo e a floresta.Abstract : In Mata Atlântica (Atlantic Forest) Biome, in the extreme northeast of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, is situated the phytophysiognomy of Campos de Altitude. One of the region's specific characteristics is the contact areas and intersection with the Ombrofila Mista Forest, composing a dicotomic landscape. This formation, with the intersection between Forest and Camp, has influenced the occupation, the economy and local culture. From 1890, the demographic flow gets more intense with people shifting from the ancient Italian and German colonization zones in the Ombrofila Mista forest to bordering areas of Campos de Altitude. One of the migrants mainly activities was the wood industry, based on deforestation or extraction of the Araucaria Angustifolia. The depauperation of the woods in the 1970's decade induced a decrease of populational atraction to the region. With the Environmental History perspective we try to understand the dynamics of the adaptations and actuations of the migrants in these distinct landscapes. The sources analysed include Oral History, reports and Government messages, demographical census, municipals correspondences, statual and municipal legislation and iconography. The memories of this migration let us perceive the landscape transformations: the Forest and the Field

The diagnostic and prognostic role of liquid-based cytology: are we ready to monitor therapy and resistance?

Here, we evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of liquid-based cytology (LBC) in different body lesions, including thyroid, lung, effusions and malignant breast lesions. LBC has gained consensus after being applied to both non-gynecologic and fine-needle aspiration cytology. Although some remain sceptical regarding the diagnostic efficacy of LBC, mainly when used alone, in recent years, good results have been obtained as long as it showed a high diagnostic accuracy. Here, we discuss the additional possibility of storing material for the application of ancillary techniques (immunocytochemistry–molecular analysis) with several diagnostic and prognostic advantages, which may pave the way for the challenging evaluation of both monitoring responses to treatment and resistance to targeted therapies in thyroid, lung, breast carcinoma or malignant effusions. Furthermore, it provides the use of several molecular spots as specific targets for personalized therapy

A reciclagem e seus atores: aproximações entre Brasil e Uruguai

Este trabalho baseia-se em dados etnográficos provenientes de entrevistas com diferentes atores que compõem a cadeia de reciclagem de plásticos na cidade de Las Piedras, no departamento de Canelones, Uruguai. Bem como, fotografias e dados estatísticos sobre a reciclagem na cidade de Porto Alegre no Brasil. Com uma visão interdisciplinar, pretende-se tornar visíveis as particularidades e complexidades deste processo (reciclagem), bem como os seus desafios e oportunidades

Mensaje y audiencias. El programa Gran Hermano - El sueño de Orwell

Este trabajo analiza el formato televisivo del programa Gran Hermano, emitido entre abril y junio de 2000. La finalidad de esta investigación está relacionada con la detección de los elementos formales que convierten a un espacio en un producto de éxito, así como la respuesta que puede generar en los telespectadores. La vivienda artificial enclavada en las proximidades de Soto del Real (Madrid) se convirtió en una ventana que abría la vida cotidiana del prójimo a la curiosidad de millones de hogares. Este experimento televisivo, que no científico, es la excusa programada por un complejo financiero de cifras y letras que marcó un precedente en la historia de la pequeña pantalla. La filosofía del liberalismo mediático limita en unas reglas donde la intimidad forma parte del mercado. Ahora, la demanda televisiva se vende en un “mercado” orquestado por las emociones.This article analyses the elements from the Big Brother's broadcast, the TV program emited from April to June in Telecinco. The purpose of this research is explaining the key points of these production an their influence over the audience. The artificial house created for this play seems a window where people look their neighbour's life. Big Brother's experience supposes a way from the media's liberalism, because it opens a commercial behaviour that is based in emotions

Angiogenesis in hand chondroma: an immunohistochemical study.

Hand chondroma is a particular cartilagineous tumour, being clinically benign, but morphologically malignant. This study investigates the expression of VEGF together with other growth factors and proliferation markers such as TGF&bT2, Ki-67, TNF, FGF1, P53 in 8 cases of hand chondroma treated with courettage, in order to define the ethiopathogenesis of this tumour and the clinical significance of the resulting immunohistochemical profile, with particular respect to angiogenesis. VEGF was expressed in all cases; 5 cases were positive for TFGβ2 and 3 for PDGF. None of the other factors was expressed. On the basis of histologic results a specific model of tumour progression based on the indicators of angiogenesis could be related to hand tumours, in which VEGF expression should be the first stadium of the tumour aggressiveness, and the following PDGF, TGF 2 expression should be accompanied with a morphological outline worsening. Nevertheless the non constant expression of these indicators and the absent expression of proliferated indicators can explain the scant tendency to the relapse in presence of accurate curettage. It is important to remember that the cellular polymorphism typical of the cartilaginous tumours does not allow the application of an only oncogenesis model

Ultrasonographic and resistance index evaluation of nails in psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, and control groups : a cross-sectional study

Background: Nail psoriasis occurs frequently in patients with psoriatic disease, it can lead to functional impairment, pain, discomfort, decreased quality of life and can also be a predictor for the development of arthritis. Early recognition of this condition can provide early and effective treatment and prevent structural impairment. This study aims to identify nail ultrasonographic characteristics in three groups: psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and controls patients, to determine if the ultrasonography (US) can identify early signs of nail psoriatic impairment or local inflammation. We conducted nail US to determine nail matrix resistance index (NMRI), nail bed resistance index (NBRI), and power Doppler (PD) and grayscale (GS) parameters in these 3 groups. Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional study. GS, PD, and spectral doppler images of bilateral 2nd and 3rd fingernails were acquired from 35 PsO, 31 PsA, and 35 controls patients. An US equipment with an 18 MHz linear transducer for GS and 8.0 MHz for PD was used. PD, NMRI, NBRI, nail plate thickness (NPT), nail bed thickness (NBT), nail matrix thickness (NMT), and morphostructural characteristics of the trilaminar structure (TS) were evaluated in saved images, blind. Results: Mean NMRI and NBRI did not differ between groups. Linear regression analysis detected no relationships between PsO or PsA and NMRI or NBRI. Nail PD grade did not differ between groups. Type I and IV TS changes were more frequent in PsO; types II and III changes were more frequent in PsA (p < 0.001). NPT was greater in PsA and PsO groups than controls: PsA 0.73 ± 0.14 mm, PsO 0.72 ± 0.15 mm, Controls 0.67 ± 0.10 mm (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Echographic TS characteristics of the nail plate and NPT evaluated by GS are useful and can distinguish PsO and PsA nails from controls. NMRI, NBRI, and US nail microcirculation parameters could not distinguish psoriatic nails

“I felt like I had been put on the shelf and forgotten about” – lasting lessons about the impact of COVID-19 on people affected by rarer dementias

Background: The public health measures imposed in many countries to contain the spread of COVID-19 resulted in significant suspensions in the provision of support and care for people with dementia. The negative effects of these measures have been extensively reported. However, little is known about the specific impact on people with young onset, non-memory-led and inherited dementias. This group may have experienced different challenges compared to those with late onset dementia given their non-memory phenotypes and younger age. We explored the impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown on people living with familial Alzheimer’s disease, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, familial frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, posterior cortical atrophy and primary progressive aphasia and their carers in the UK and their self-reported strategies for coping.// Methods: This was a mixed methods study. An online survey was administered to people with dementia and family carers recruited via Rare Dementia Support. Free-text responses were analysed using framework analysis to identify key issues and themes.// Results: 184 carers and 24 people with dementia completed the survey. Overall, people with dementia experienced worsening of cognitive symptoms (70%), ability to do things (62%), well-being (57%) and changes to medication (26%) during lockdown. Carers reported a reduction in the support they received (55%) which impacted their own mental health negatively. Qualitative analysis of free-text responses shed light on how the disruption to routines, changes to roles and responsibilities, and widespread disconnection from friends, family and health and social care support varied according to phenotype. These impacts were exacerbated by a more general sense that precious time was being lost, given the progressive nature of dementia. Despite significant challenges, respondents demonstrated resilience and resourcefulness in reporting unexpected positives and strategies for adapting to confinement.// Conclusions: This study has highlighted the specific impacts of the COVID-19 restrictions on people with young onset, non-memory-led and inherited dementias, including behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, primary progressive aphasia and posterior cortical atrophy, and their carers. The specific challenges faced according to diagnosis and the self-reported strategies speak to the importance of – and may inform the development of – tailored support for these underrepresented groups more generally