Protection of stainless-steels against corrosion in sulphidizing environments by Ce oxide coatings: X-ray absorption and thermogravimetric studies

In this paper a study is reported concerning ceramic coatings containing cerium oxide, prepared by the sol-gel method, used to protect Incoloy 800H against sulphidation. When the coating is sintered in air at 850°C good protection is obtained. In an X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of the coatings it was observed that the best protective coating contains all cerium as CeIV after pretreatment. After sulphidizing cerium was reduced to CeIII. Possible mechanisms to explain the protective properties are discussed

Determination of the relative concentrations of rare earth ions by x-ray absorption spectroscopy: Application to terbium mixed oxides

A method, based on X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in the range 0.8–1.5 keV, to determine the relative amounts of rare earth ions in different valencies is explained and tested for the case of terbium mixed oxides. The results are in agreement with those obtained by existing analytical methods. The XAS method is advantageous in that it can be applied where other, conventional, methods break down

Unsupervised learning as a complement to convolutional neural network classification in the analysis of saccadic eye movement in spino-cerebellar ataxia type 2

IWANN es un congreso internacional que se celebra bienalmente desde 1991. Su campo de estudio se centra en la fundamentación y aplicación de las distintas técnicas de Inteligencia Computacional : Redes Neuronales Artificiales, Algoritmos Genéticos, Lógica Borrosa, Aprendizaje Automático. En esta edición han participado 150 investigadores.This paper aims at assessing spino-cerebellar type 2 ataxiaby classifying electrooculography records into registers corresponding to healthy, presymptomatic and ill individuals. The primary used technique is the convolutional neural network applied to the time series of eye movements, called saccades. The problem is exceptionally hard, though, because the recorded saccadic movements for presymptomatic cases often do not substantially di er from those of healthy individuals. Precisely this distinction is of the utmost clinical importance, since early intervention on presymptomatic patients can ameliorate symptoms or at least slow their progression. Yet, each register contains a number of saccades that, although not consistent with the current label, have not been considered indicative of another class by the examining physicians. As a consequence, an unsupervised learning mechanism may be more suitable to handle this form of misclassi cation. Thus, our proposal introduces the k-means approach and the SOM method, as complementary techniques to analyse the time series. The three techniques operating in tandem lead to a well performing solution to this diagnosis problem.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Universidad de Granada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Springe

Influencia de la constitución de Cádiz en el derecho constitucional uruguayo

El artículo tiene por objeto estudiar la influencia de la Constitución de Cádiz de 1812 en el constitucionalismo uruguayo. La impronta liberal gaditana fue muy notable en los diferentes textos constitucionales que han jalonado la vida política y social de Uruguay desde 1830, primera Constitución, hasta nuestros días, de forma que tras más de ciento ochenta años de perfeccionamiento de la primera Constitución codificada de Uruguay, es posible aventurar que los principios doceañistas tienden a formar parte de una suerte de edicto perpetuo constitucional uruguayo exclusivamente afectado durante los períodos de facto.The article intends to study the influence of the Constitution of Cadiz of 1812 in the Uruguayan constitucionalismo. Impronta liberal gaditana was very remarkable in different constitutional texts that they have laid out the political life and social of Uruguay from 1830, first Constitution, to the present time, so that after more than one hundred eighty years of improvement of the first codified Constitution of Uruguay, it is possible to venture that the doceañistas principles tend to de facto comprise of a luck of perpetual law exclusively affected Uruguayan constitutionalist during the periods

O aborto não é um direito constitucional. Uma decisão histórica da Suprema Corte Dos Estados Unidos

The Supreme Court of the United States issued on June 24, 2022, a historic ruling in the Dobbs case, relating to the right to life and especially, to the issue of abortion. The majority opinion of five of the judges -against three who expressed their dissent and a differentiated opinion of Chief Justice Roberts- overruled the pronouncements of the Roe (1973) and Casey (1992) cases, which for almost half a century made it possible to consider that there was a constitutional right to abortion under the federal Constitution. The majority proved the non-existence of a supposed constitutional right to abortion and set new standards in the matter. It also returned to the People the decision on an issue of maximum moral and ethical relevance. The commented sentence works especially on the issue of implicit constitutional rights and has practically universal projection.El Tribunal Supremo de los Estados Unidos expidió el 24 de junio de 2022, una histórica sentencia en el caso Dobbs, relativa al derecho a la vida y muy especialmente, a la cuestión del aborto. La opinión mayoritaria de cinco de los jueces, contra tres que expresaron su disidencia y una opinión diferenciada del Presidente Roberts, invalidó los pronunciamientos de los casos Roe (1973) y Casey (1992), que durante casi medio siglo posibilitaron considerar que existía un derecho constitucional al aborto según la Constitución federal. La mayoría acreditó la inexistencia de un supuesto derecho constitucional a abortar y sentó nuevos estándares en la materia. También devolvió al Pueblo la decisión sobre un tema de máxima relevancia moral y ética. La sentencia comentada trabaja especialmente la cuestión de los derechos constitucionales implícitos y tiene proyección prácticamente universal.A Supremo Tribunal dos Estados Unidos da América proferiu, em 24 de junho de 2022, decisão histórica no caso Dobbs, relativa ao direito à vida e, principalmente, à questão do aborto. A opinião majoritária de cinco dos juízes, contra três que se manifestaram dissidentes e opinião diferenciada do Chefe de Justiça Roberts, invalidou os pronunciamentos dos casos Roe (1973) e Casey (1992), que por quase meio século permitiram consideram que havia um direito constitucional ao aborto na Constituição Federal. A maioria acreditou a inexistência de um suposto direito constitucional ao aborto e estabeleceu novos parâmetros na matéria. Também devolveu ao Povo a decisão sobre uma questão de máxima relevância moral e ética. A sentença comentada trabalha especialmente na questão dos direitos constitucionais implícitos e tem projeção praticamente universal

Using Electronic Institutions to secure Grid environments

Abstract. As the technical infrastructure to support Grid environments matures, attention must be focused on integrating such technical infrastructure with technologies to support more dynamic access to services, and ensuring that such access is appropriately monitored and secured. Such capabilities will be key in providing a safe environment that allow the creation of virtual organisations at run time. This paper addresses this issue by analysing how work from within the field of Electronic Institutions (EIs) can be employed to provide security support for Grid environments, and introduces the notion of a Semantic Firewall (SFW) responsible for mediating interactions with protected services given a set of access policies. An overarching guideline is that such integration should be pragmatic, taking into account the real-life lessons learned whilst developing, deploying and using the GRIA infrastructure for Grid environments

Visualizing convolutional neural networks to improve decision support for skin lesion classification

Because of their state-of-the-art performance in computer vision, CNNs are becoming increasingly popular in a variety of fields, including medicine. However, as neural networks are black box function approximators, it is difficult, if not impossible, for a medical expert to reason about their output. This could potentially result in the expert distrusting the network when he or she does not agree with its output. In such a case, explaining why the CNN makes a certain decision becomes valuable information. In this paper, we try to open the black box of the CNN by inspecting and visualizing the learned feature maps, in the field of dermatology. We show that, to some extent, CNNs focus on features similar to those used by dermatologists to make a diagnosis. However, more research is required for fully explaining their output.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, Workshop on Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing at MICCAI 201