6 research outputs found

    P2X4 receptors in activated C8-B4 cells of cerebellar microglial origin

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    We investigated the properties and regulation of P2X receptors in immortalized C8-B4 cells of cerebellar microglial origin. Resting C8-B4 cells expressed virtually no functional P2X receptors, but largely increased functional expression of P2X4 receptors within 2–6 h of entering the activated state. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, we found that P2X4 transcripts were increased during the activated state by 2.4-fold, but this increase was not reflected by a parallel increase in total P2X4 proteins. In resting C8-B4 cells, P2X4 subunits were mainly localized within intracellular compartments, including lysosomes. We found that cell surface P2X4 receptor levels increased by ∼3.5-fold during the activated state. This change was accompanied by a decrease in the lysosomal pool of P2X4 proteins. We next exploited our findings with C8-B4 cells to investigate the mechanism by which antidepressants reduce P2X4 responses. We found little evidence to suggest that several antidepressants were antagonists of P2X4 receptors in C8-B4 cells. However, we found that moderate concentrations of the same antidepressants reduced P2X4 responses in activated microglia by affecting lysosomal function, which indirectly reduced cell surface P2X4 levels. In summary, our data suggest that activated C8-B4 cells express P2X4 receptors when the membrane insertion of these proteins by lysosomal secretion exceeds their removal, and that antidepressants indirectly reduce P2X4 responses by interfering with lysosomal trafficking

    Modulation des propriétés fonctionnelles des récepteurs P2X par des interactions avec les récepteurs-canaux du GABA et la protéine AP2

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    Les récepteurs P2X activés par l'ATP et la famille des récepteurs "Cys-loop" appartiennent à 2 familles de récepteurs-cabaux différents sur les plans structurels et fonctionnels. D'une part, nous avons montré que les récepteurs P2X2 et P2X3 excitateurs, et les récepteurs GABAA/C inhibiteurs, colocalisés dans de nombreuses structures du système nerveux, interagissent fonctionnellement et moléculairement. Le couplage fait intervenir la boucle intrtacellulaire des sous-unités GABAA/C et le domaine C-terminal des sous-unités P2X. Nous avons identifié un motif de 3 acides aminés (386QST388) de la sous-unité P2X3 comme étant indispensable au couplage des récepteurs exprimés dans des ovocytes de xénope et in situdans des neurones sensoriels en culture. D'autre part, nous avons mis en évidence la modulation des propriétés fonctionnelles des récepteurs P2X4 par leur interaction avec la protéine d'endocytose AP-2 Nos résultats suggèrent que la potentialisation des récepteurs P2X4, par l'ivermectine n'est pas un mécanisme allostérique, mais lié à une augmentation du nombre de récepteurs à la surface due à l'altération de leur zndocytose constitutive.P2X receptors, which are activated by ATP, and "Cys-loop" receptor family belong to two structurally- and functionally- distinct receptor-chanel families. In this study, we first characterized the functional and molecular interaction between P2X2 or P2X3 excitatory receptors and GABAA/C channels that are colocalized in many areas of the nervous system. This cross talk involved the intracellular loop of GABAA/C subunits and the C-terminal domain of P2X subunits. Furthermore, we identified a 3 amino-acid motif (QST) within the P2X3 subunit sequence which is necessary for the functional coupling between these receptors expressed in a heterologous system (Xenopus ovocytes) or in nociceptive sensory neurons in culture. We have also shown that the interaction between the AP2 endocytosis protein and P2X4 receptors caused a modulation in the latter's functional properties. Our results suggested that a potentiation of P2X4 receptors by ivermectin is not an allosteric mechanism as previously proposed, but is primarily caused by an increase in the number of cell surface receptors resulting from the impairment of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis mechanism.BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Modulation des propriétés fonctionnelles des récepteurs P2X par des interactions avec les récepteurs-canaux du GABA et la protéine AP2

    No full text
    Les récepteurs P2X activés par l'ATP et la famille des récepteurs "Cys-loop" appartiennent à 2 familles de récepteurs-cabaux différents sur les plans structurels et fonctionnels. D'une part, nous avons montré que les récepteurs P2X2 et P2X3 excitateurs, et les récepteurs GABAA/C inhibiteurs, colocalisés dans de nombreuses structures du système nerveux, interagissent fonctionnellement et moléculairement. Le couplage fait intervenir la boucle intrtacellulaire des sous-unités GABAA/C et le domaine C-terminal des sous-unités P2X. Nous avons identifié un motif de 3 acides aminés (386QST388) de la sous-unité P2X3 comme étant indispensable au couplage des récepteurs exprimés dans des ovocytes de xénope et in situdans des neurones sensoriels en culture. D'autre part, nous avons mis en évidence la modulation des propriétés fonctionnelles des récepteurs P2X4 par leur interaction avec la protéine d'endocytose AP-2 Nos résultats suggèrent que la potentialisation des récepteurs P2X4, par l'ivermectine n'est pas un mécanisme allostérique, mais lié à une augmentation du nombre de récepteurs à la surface due à l'altération de leur zndocytose constitutive.P2X receptors, which are activated by ATP, and "Cys-loop" receptor family belong to two structurally- and functionally- distinct receptor-chanel families. In this study, we first characterized the functional and molecular interaction between P2X2 or P2X3 excitatory receptors and GABAA/C channels that are colocalized in many areas of the nervous system. This cross talk involved the intracellular loop of GABAA/C subunits and the C-terminal domain of P2X subunits. Furthermore, we identified a 3 amino-acid motif (QST) within the P2X3 subunit sequence which is necessary for the functional coupling between these receptors expressed in a heterologous system (Xenopus ovocytes) or in nociceptive sensory neurons in culture. We have also shown that the interaction between the AP2 endocytosis protein and P2X4 receptors caused a modulation in the latter's functional properties. Our results suggested that a potentiation of P2X4 receptors by ivermectin is not an allosteric mechanism as previously proposed, but is primarily caused by an increase in the number of cell surface receptors resulting from the impairment of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis mechanism.BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    ATP P2X Receptors Downregulate AMPA Receptor Trafficking and Postsynaptic Efficacy in Hippocampal Neurons.

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    International audienceP2X receptors (P2XRs) are ATP-gated cation channels widely expressed in the brain where they mediate action of extracellular ATP released by neurons or glia. Although purinergic signaling has multiple effects on synaptic transmission and plasticity, P2XR function at brain synapses remains to be established. Here, we show that activation of postsynaptic P2XRs by exogenous ATP or noradrenaline-dependent glial release of endogenous ATP decreases the amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and AMPA-evoked currents in cultured hippocampal neurons. We also observed a P2X-mediated depression of field potentials recorded in CA1 region from brain slices. P2X2Rs trigger dynamin-dependent internalization of AMPA receptors (AMPARs), leading to reduced surface AMPARs in dendrites and at synapses. AMPAR alteration required calcium influx through opened ATP-gated channels and phosphatase or CamKII activities. These findings indicate that postsynaptic P2XRs play a critical role in regulating the surface expression of AMPARs and thereby regulate the synaptic strength
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