Soledad Varela Ortega: Una lección de vida

Hasta su jubilación en el año 2010, Soledad Varela Ortega fue profesora en el departamento de Filología Española de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. En este artículo queremos mostrar algunos rasgos de su ejemplar magisterio, de su compromiso con la enseñanza y la investigación, así como de su personalidad, a partir de los recuerdos que guardamos sus discípulo

La Lengua de Signos en la vida del centro

El profesorado del centro se planteó la necesidad de dar una respuesta adecuada ante la escolarización de un alumno con déficit auditivo, se quería propiciar su correcta integración dentro de nuestra comunidad educativa. Para ello se pensó en la formación del profesorado que más contacto tenía con este alumno y en sensibilizar a la comunidad educativa de la importancia comunicativa de la LSE (Lengua de Signos Española). Con este propósito se organizaron tres seminarios en nuestro centro. Además de la formación teórica se decidió trabajar a partir de los cuentos. Para elaborar este material utilizamos el lenguaje oral/escrito, signado. Durante el segundo seminario se elaboró el cuento “Los tres cerditos” y en el tercer seminario se elaboró “Los siete cabritillos” que además se utilizó como eje sensibilizador durante la semana cultural dedicada a los cinco sentidos, para ello se elaboró una presentación en Power Point que se proyectó a todo el alumnado, mientras se leía el cuento y la intérprete lo signaba

Synthesis and iNOS/nNOS inhibitory activities of new benzoylpyrazoline derivatives

Producción CientíficaA series of new Δ2-pyrazoline derivatives has been synthesized by means of a 1,3-dipolar-cycloaddition reaction. Ethyl 3-(5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoyl)-Δ2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylate (5a) has been designed for the formation of the benzoylpyrazoline system present in these derivatives. Two synthetic routes have been utilized changing the starting products in the cycloaddition reaction. In both routes, the majority product obtained was only a Δ2-pyrazoline. The intermediate ethyl 1-acyl-3-(2-nitrobenzoyl-5-substituted)-Δ2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylate derivatives have been transformed into the final compounds by means of several chemical treatments. The compounds have been biologically evaluated as inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), showing better affinity towards the inducible NOS isoform than versus neuronal NOS

Interplay of Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Composition and Adipokines in Obese Adolescents

In the context of the alarming rise of infant obesity and its health implications, the present research aims to uncover disruptions in postprandial lipid metabolism and the composition of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in obese adolescents. A double-blind, controlled clinical trial in the postprandial phase on 23 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years was carried out. Twelve participants were categorized as obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2 and percentile > 95) and 11 as normal-weight (BMI = 20–25 kg/m2, percentile 5–85). Blood samples were collected after a 12-h overnight fast and postprandially after consumption of a standardized breakfast containing olive oil, tomato, bread, orange juice, and skimmed milk. Obese adolescents exhibited elevated triglyceride concentrations in both fasting and postprandial states and higher TG/apo-B48 ratios, indicating larger postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particle size, which suggests impaired clearance. Obese subjects also exhibited higher n-6 PUFA concentrations, potentially linked to increased TRL hydrolysis and the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines. In contrast, TRL from normal-weight individuals showed higher concentrations of oleic acid and DHA (n-3 PUFA), with possible anti-inflammatory effects. The results indicate an interplay involving postprandial TRL metabolism and adipokines within the context of adolescent obesity, pointing to potential cardiovascular implications in the future.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant number AGL2011-23810)”“Next Generation EU” fundsEuropean Union Recovery, Transformation and Resilience PlanMinistry of Universities, in the framework of the Margarita Salas, Maria Zambrano grants for the Requalification of the Spanish University System 2021–2023, organized by the Pablo de Olavide University, Sevill

Clues from Spitzer/IRS spectra on the Compton thickness and the existence of the dusty torus

[Context]: Most of the optically classified low-ionisation, narrow emission-line regions (LINERs) nuclei host an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, how they fit into the unified model (UM) of AGN is still an open question. [Aims]: The aims of this work are to study at mid-infrared (mid-IR) (1) the Compton-thick nature of LINERs (i.e. hydrogen column densities of NH> 1.5 × 1024 cm-2) and (2) the disappearance of the dusty torus in LINERs predicted from theoretical arguments. [Methods]: We have compiled all the available low spectral-resolution, mid-IR spectra of LINERs from the InfraRed Spectrograph (IRS) onboard Spitzer. The sample contains 40 LINERs. We have complemented the LINER sample with Spitzer/IRS spectra of PGQSOs, Type-1 Seyferts (S1s), Type-2 Seyferts (S2s), and StarBurst (SB) nuclei. We studied the AGN compared to the starburst content in our sample using different indicators: the equivalent width of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon at 6.2 μm, the strength of the silicate feature at 9.7 μm, and the steepness of the mid-IR spectra. We classified the spectra as SB-dominated and AGN-dominated, according to these diagnostics and compared the average mid-IR spectra of the various classes. Moreover, we studied the correlation between the 12 μm luminosity, νLν(12 μm), and the 2−10 keV energy band X-ray luminosity, LX(2−10 keV). [Results]: In 25 out of the 40 LINERs (i.e. 62.5%), the mid-IR spectra are not SB-dominated, similar to the comparison S2 sample (67.7%). The average spectra of both SB-dominated LINERs and S2s are very similar to the average spectrum of the SB class. The average spectrum of AGN-dominated LINERs is different from the average spectra of the other optical classes, showing a rather flat spectrum at 6-28 μm. We find that the average spectrum of AGN-dominated LINERs with X-ray luminosities LX(2−10 keV) > 1041 erg/s is similar to the average mid-IR spectrum of AGN-dominated S2s. However, faint LINERs (i.e. LX(2−10 keV) < 1041 erg/s) show flat spectra different from any of the other optical classes. The correlation between νLν(12 μm) and LX(2−10 keV) for AGN nicely extends towards low luminosities only if SB-dominated LINERs are excluded and if the 2−10 keV band X-ray luminosity is corrected in Compton-thick LINER candidates. [Conclusions]: We find that LINERs proposed as Compton-thick candidates at X-ray wavelengths may be confirmed according to the X-ray to mid-IR luminosity relation. We show evidence that the dusty-torus disappear when their bolometric luminosity is below Lbol ≃ 1042 erg/s. We suggest that the dominant emission at mid-IR of faint LINERs might be a combination of an elliptical galaxy host (characterised by the lack of gas), a starburst, a jet, and/or ADAF emission. Alternatively, the mid-IR emission of some of these faint LINERs could be a combination of elliptical galaxy plus carbon-rich planetary nebulae. To reconcile the Compton-thick nature of a large number of LINERs without dusty-torus signatures, we suggest that the material producing the Compton-thick X-ray obscuration is free of dust.This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under the grant (project refs. AYA2013-42227-P, AYA 2012-39168-C03-01, and AYA 2010-15169) and by La Junta de Andalucia (TIC 114). AAH acknowledges support from grant AYA2012-31447. D.D. acknowledges support from grant 107313 from PAPIIT, UNAM. C.R.A. is supported by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (PIEF-GA-2012-327934).Peer Reviewe

Intervención psicológica escalonada con trastornos mentales comunes en Atención Primaria.

A model of psychological intervention for common mental disorders in Primary Care is analized. Two clinical psychologists and four resident psychologists interviewed 566 users to treat mild to moderate anxiety / depression disorders, bereavement or nonorganic insomnia disorders. Standardized assessment leads to a stepped intervention: indication of no treatment, brief group or individual intervention in Primary Care Center (PCC) or referral to Mental Health.Socio-demographic and clinical variables describe the sample and allow comparison betwen groups. Of the 566 interviewees, the mean age was 37 years, 70% were women, 50% with psychopharmacological treatment and 10% on sick leave. The steps of intervention were: 19% were intervention indication of no treatment, 71% PCC intervention and 10% were referred to Mental Health. Adaptive, emotional and generalized anxiety disorders were predominant, with significant differences between centers depending on the location and clinical psychologist integration mode in PCC.Integrating the clinical psychologist in PCC improve access to psychological interventions and reduces mild to moderate mental disorders medication. Assessment prevents unnecessary treatment onset and increases the likelihood of appropriate treatment indications, which is cost-effective.Se analiza un modelo de intervención psicológica para trastornos mentales comunes realizado en seis centros de Atención Primaria (CAP). Dos psicólogos/as clínicos/as (PC) y cuatro psicólogas internas residentes (PIR) entrevistan a 566 usuarios para intervenir en trastornos leves o moderados de ansiedad y/o depresión, duelo e insomnio no orgánico. Tras una evaluación estandarizada se propone una intervención escalonada en función del diagnóstico y la gravedad del trastorno: indicación de no tratamiento, intervención breve en CAP (grupal o individual) o derivación.Se recogen variables sociodemográficas y clínicas que permiten describir la muestra y hacer comparaciones entre grupos. De las 566 personas derivadas la edad media fue de 37 años, el 70 % son mujeres, 50% en tratamiento psicofarmacológico y 10% de baja laboral. Se indica no tratamiento al 19%, intervención en CAP al 71% y derivación a salud mental al 10%. Predominan trastornos adaptativos, afectivos y de ansiedad generalizada, existiendo diferencias significativas según ubicación del CAP y modo integración del PC en el CAP.La mayor accesibilidad a intervenciones psicológicas integrando al PC en AP reduce la medicalización de patologías mentales leves y/o moderadas. La evaluación previene el inicio de tratamientos innecesarios, aumentando la probabilidad de indicación apropiada de tratamiento, lo que resultaría coste-efectivo

Synergism studies with binary mixtures of pyrethroid, carbamate and organophosphate insecticides on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

[SPA] El principal mecanismo de resistencia a la mayoría de insecticidas de Frankliniella occidentales (Pergande) es metabólico. La eficiencia de las mezclas de insecticida con acrinatrín, metiocarb, formetanato y clorpirifos, se estudió por exposición tópica en poblaciones de F. occidentalis seleccionadas para la resistencia a cada insecticida. La actividad del acrinatrín contra F.occidentalis se potenció con los insecticidas carbamatos, siendo el metiocarb un sinergista mucho mejor que el formetanato. La acción de las monooxigenasas sobre los carbamatos prevenía la degradación del piretroide, dotando así de un nivel de sinergismo a través de la inhibición competitiva del sustrato. [ENG] The major mechanism of resistance to most insecticides in Frankliniella occidentalis is metabolic. The efficacy of insecticide mixtures of acrinathrin, methiocarb, formetanate and chlorpyrifos was studied by topic exposure in strains of F occidentalis selected for resistance to each insecticide. Acrinathrin activity against F occidentalis was enhanced by carbamate insecticides, being methiocarb much better synergist than formetanate. Monooxygenases action on the carbamates would prevent degradation of the pyrethroid, hence providing a level of synergism by competitive substrate inhibition

Creation Process of the Digital Platform to Foster Healthy and Active Aging: enbuenaedad

Andalusia is a region in the south of Spain with 8,4 million inhabitants of which 1,3 million are over 65 years old. Andalusia has been recognized as Reference Site by the European Commission within the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging. The Regional Ministry of Health of Andalusia has put in place strategies to promote healthy and active aging. One of these strategies is enbuenaedad, a digital platform which main aim is to foster active and healthy aging. The target audience is people over 55 years old, caregivers of older adults, as well as health and other key professionals who work with this population. Content sections are inspired in the three pillars of the World Health Organization (WHO) policy framework for active and healthy aging: health, participation, and security, but introducing an additional one which is lifelong learning. One of the strengths of this platform is the creation process. Using a co-thinking design, all target groups get voice under the umbrella of empathy and are empowered by providing support, training, knowledge, and best practices. For its development, dissemination, maintenance, and improvement, the project advocates the unavoidable participation of key stakeholders representing all sectors involved: The Senior Council of Andalusia; Primary Health Care professionals; local authorities; Guadalinfo agents; Permanent Adult Education; and Active Participation Centers. Quantitative and qualitative data obtained within the process support this project. Since its launching, 10,779 users have registered to the platform with more than 157,000 visits. Focusing on WHO four pillars on active and healthy aging Enbuenaedad is based on, preliminary results show effectiveness regarding participation and social interaction. Furthermore, achieving high participation coverage is a necessary but not sufficient input to the provision of adequate approach to older people. More comprehensive evaluation of the four pillars must be taken to ensure a holistic approach. A challenge is a cooperation between three traditionally independent sectors, cooperative work between health, social services, and education is crucial for the future sustainability of this intervention