Compromiso escolar y liderazgo docente en estudiantes de una institución educativa multigrado, Piura, 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito determinar la relación del compromiso escolar y liderazgo docente en estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Multigrado N° 20851, Piura, 2020. Respecto a los fundamentos teóricos, la variable compromiso escolar se basa en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación de Deci y Ryan (2000) y el modelo de Lara et al. (2018) y la variable liderazgo docente se fundamenta en la Teoría de Liderazgo Motivacional de Romero (1993) y el modelo teórico de Cerda y Ramírez (2010). El tipo de estudio fue básico, cuantitativo, transversal, con un diseño no experimental correlacional; contó con una población de 21 estudiantes, de los cuales 10 conformaron la muestra. Para el recojo de información se empleó como instrumento dos cuestionarios con escala ordinal, referentes a las variables. Según los resultados obtenidos, las dimensiones compromiso afectivo con valor p: 0,866 y rho: 0,062; compromiso conductual con valor p: 0,641 y rho: -0,169 y compromiso cognitivo con valor p: 0,450 y rho: -0,271 no se relacionan significativamente con el liderazgo docente. En conclusión, el compromiso escolar no se relaciona significativamente con el liderazgo docente siendo el valor p: 0,907 y rho: -0.043

A Hybrid Global Minimization Scheme for Accurate Source Localization in Sensor Networks

We consider the localization problem of multiple wideband sources in a multi-path environment by coherently taking into account the attenuation characteristics and the time delays in the reception of the signal. Our proposed method leaves the space for unavailability of an accurate signal attenuation model in the environment by considering the model as an unknown function with reasonable prior assumptions about its functional space. Such approach is capable of enhancing the localization performance compared to only utilizing the signal attenuation information or the time delays. In this paper, the localization problem is modeled as a cost function in terms of the source locations, attenuation model parameters and the multi-path parameters. To globally perform the minimization, we propose a hybrid algorithm combining the differential evolution algorithm with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Besides the proposed combination of optimization schemes, supporting the technical details such as closed forms of cost function sensitivity matrices are provided. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is examined in several localization scenarios, taking into account the noise in the environment, the multi-path phenomenon and considering the sensors not being synchronized

Técnicas de extração de conhecimentos aplicadas à modelagem de ocorrência da cercosporiose (Cercospora coffeicola Berkeley & Cooke) em cafeeiros na região sul de Minas Gerais

The survey of the progress of Cercospora leaf spot becomes potentially useful and understandable in understanding the disease process and in decision making for control measures. In the last years, computer programs have helped to elucidate what factors are biotic or abiotic more representative. The aim of this work was to investigate, using knowledge extraction techniques, which phenological and environmental attributes most influence on the occurrence of Cercospora leaf spot on coffee trees in southern Minas Gerais, under two tillage systems: conventional and organic. For this, data were organized incidence of Cercospora leaf spot in both cropping systems, with climatic data and phenological crop in a period of five years of evaluation. Then an algorithm based on knowledge extraction decision tree was used to obtain the attributes that most favor the occurrence of Cercospora leaf spot. The generated models were 60% hit rate and showed that the average temperature of the attribute was greater influence on the entire data and the conventional culture system. In organic management, the precipitation and phenology are the factors that most influence the occurrence of disease.O levantamento do progresso da cercosporiose torna-se potencialmente útil e compreensível no entendimento da doença e no processo de tomada de decisão para medidas de controle. Nos últimos anos, programas computacionais têm ajudado a elucidar quais fatores bióticos ou abióticos são mais representativos. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, investigar,utilizando técnicas de extração do conhecimento, quais atributos ambientais e fenológicos mais influenciam na ocorrência da cercosporiose em cafeeiros no Sul de Minas Gerais, sob dois sistemas de cultivo: convencional e orgânico. Para isso, foram organizados dados de incidência de cercosporiose nos dois sistemas de cultivo, com dados climáticos e fenológicos da cultura,em um período de cinco anos de avaliação. Em seguida, um algoritmo de extração do conhecimento baseado em árvore de decisão foi utilizado para obter os atributos que mais favorecem a ocorrência da cercosporiose. Os modelos gerados tiveram 60% de taxa de acerto e mostraram que a temperatura média foi o atributo de maior influência na totalidade dos dados e para o sistema convencional de cultivo. No manejo orgânico, a precipitação mensal e a fenologia são os fatores que mais interferem na ocorrência da doença

The health and nutritional status of multiethnic perimenopausal women

An integrated, dual-phase study design assessed the health and nutritional status and practices of African-American (A-A), Caribbean (A-C), and white non-Hispanic (W-A) women during perimenopause (40–55 years). During Phase I, four focus groups (n = 37) of male and female participants discussed the health and social implications of perimenopause. A conceptual framework for the main study (Phase II) was developed from the focus groups\u27 findings, in concert with the main study\u27s specific aims and objectives. The main study, a cross-sectional survey, quantitatively assessed the health and nutritional status of a convenience sample of 109 women (25 A-A, 31 A-C and 53 W-A), who met specific eligibility criteria. Using seven instruments, sociodemographic, dietary, medical, reproductive health, health practice and anthropometric data were collected. The groups were of comparable age, education, and socioeconomic status (SES). Despite these similarities, statistically significant interethnic nutritional status differences were found. Significantly more total energy and energy from fat were consumed by A-A than W-A and A-C women. Also, significantly more A-A and A-C than W-A women were overweight or obese with android-type weight patterning. Overall, iron and calcium Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA\u27s) were not met by 35% and 68% of participants, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was reported by 29% of participants while 33% reported heavier menstrual bleeding. Coupled with suboptimal iron intakes, this is likely to present a serious public health problem. Similarly, increased bone demineralization characteristic of perimenopause, coupled with suboptimal calcium intakes could precipitate another public health problem, osteoporosis. Participants had different expectations about the role of medical care during perimenopause. Significantly more white (57%) than black (38% [A-A and AC]) women sought medical attention for symptoms. Whereas Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) was prescribed for 25% of them, only 13% were compliant at enrollment. The trends and statistically significant findings of this study have huge public health policy implications. It is imperative that appropriate policies are formulated to ensure that America\u27s ethnically diverse perimenopausal women have ready access to culturally appropriate care. This would optimize their health outcomes, and enhance their quality of life and productive capacities at this critical juncture of their lives