Karyological study on bighead goby (Neogobius kessleri) from southern part of the Caspian Sea

Karyological characteristics of bighead goby (Neogobius kessleri) in the Caspian Sea were studied by examining 30 metaphase chromosome spreads from the kidney tissue of 10 specimens. The chromosome number of this species was found 2n=46 and the arm number as NF=46. The prepared karyotype of this species consisted of 23 pairs acro-telocentric (a-t) chromosomes. The chromosomal formula can be stated as 2n=46 (a-t). Karyological parameters showed that relative length was between 2.34-7.04 and length variation range of chromosomes was between 1.67-5.01 and total length was 71.16µm. It was found that the best chromosomal spread quality were obtained from intraperitonial injection of 40µg/g colchicine for 5 hours, hypotonization of samples in %1 sodium tri-citrate solution in 4ºC and preparation of spreads on cooled slide with flame technique

Studying the Relationship between Educational Managers’ Thinking Style and Transformational Leadership Style Sari Islamic Azad University as Case Study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between educational managers’ thinking style and transformational leadership style in Sari branch of Islamic Azad University. The present study is a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of this study includes all educational managers (both assistantsand heads of departments) in Sari branch of Islamic Azad University. The statistical population consists of 59 members (including 3 faculty chairs, 9 assistants, and 49 educational managers). In order to collect the research data, questionnaire of thinking styles and questionnaire of transformation leadership were used. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analyzing the research data and testing the hypotheses. T-test is the main statistical method which was used for this purpose. The findings revealed that educational managers’ thinking style is judicial style from functional view, is holistic one from level perspective, is an outward-oriented one from scope view, and is a liberal one from tendency view. The findings also revealed that measure of transformational leadership style of the educational managers is an ideal-influence model. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that educational managers of this university have a hierarchy-based thinking style and oligarchy style and mental motivation measure in their style. Keywords: style, thinking, manager, training, leadershi

The capability of Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction technique for characterizing nano-grained oxide scales formed on a FeCrAl stainless steel

This letter focuses on the capability of Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction (TKD) in Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for obtaining microstructural and micro-textural information from nano-grained oxide scales formed on a FeCrAl alloy. Orientation maps, with an indexing rate of 85%, showed the formation of grains in the range 20-300 nm. TKD revealed the existence of an orientation relationship at the alloy/oxide interface as well as the presence of a single grain (40 nm) with spinel structure in the alumina scale. A pre-tilted sample holder was designed for 110 investigations at short working distances with minimized mechanical drift of the thin foils. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V

Psychotropic Agents Poisoning: Analysis of Cases Reported to Shahid Beheshti Drug and Poison Information Center

Background: Antidepressants, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines overdose events are the most reported poisoning each year from Shahid Beheshti Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC) (a branch of Iran Drug and Poison Information Center in Tehran), which clearly shows the necessity of providing prevention program and instruction plan in taking psychotropic agents.Methods: This survey was a descriptive retrospective study by reviewing 390 reported phone calls from Shahid Beheshti Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC), in Tehran, through 2010 to 2012.Results: 390 reported cases of psychotropic agents including overdoses, medical errors such as extra dose, accidental exposure of medications, especially in children, cases of suicide, and intentional use (were) recorded. The main causes of poisoning calls to the DPIC, were included intentional and suicidal actions (40%), accidental events (27%), drug abuse (26%) and, medical errors (7%), respectively. Up to 50% of calls were about benzodiazepines (BZD) poisoning and the most adverse effects were Central Nervous System (CNS) effects followed by gastrointestinal side effects.Conclusion: According to the results, in order to achieve the proper effect of psychotropic agents and preventing related poisoning, providing pharmaceutical services and awareness of patients are necessary. It should be about the therapeutic effects and side effects of their medications by pharmacists and poison centers and limiting the accessibility of patients to large amounts of these medications by regulatory organizations

Effect of physiological delivery program in mother-friendly hospitals on duration of labor

Introduction: Physiological delivery program was implemented in mother-friendly hospitals of Iran after 2008. The aim of present study is to assess the effect of physiological delivery program in a mother-friendly hospital on duration of active phase and second stage of labor.Methods: This study was a clinical trial that was conducted at the Sinaand Ommobaninmotherfriendly hospitals in Ahvaz, Mashhad, Iran, in 2016. The intervention group of 77 women was offered the childbirth preparation classes during pregnancy and physiological delivery program during labor and the control group of 77 women received routine care.Results: The results showed that after controlling the confounding factors, the active phase and second stage of labor were significantly shorter in the intervention group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Complete implementation of physiological delivery program can reduce the duration of labor pain.Key words: Natural Childbirth; Prenatal Education; non-pharmacologic approaches; First stage of labor; Labor duration; Second stage of labo

The effect of sexual health counseling on women’s sexual satisfaction in postpartum period: A randomized clinical trial

Background: Many couples experience decreasing sexual satisfaction in postpartum period. Various sexual health counseling approaches have been designed for postpartum women to address their common sexual concerns and problems. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Women’s Postpartum Sexual Health Program (WPSHP) on women’s sexual satisfaction in postpartum period. Materials and Methods: The study was a single blind randomized clinical trial on 75 postpartum women aged 18–35 yr with low sexual satisfaction who attended urban health-care centres in Mashhad, Iran in 2016. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21, and the Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire. The intervention group received counselling based on the WPSHP, a four-session, group- and couples-based program. The control group  just received postpartum routine care. Results: Both the intervention and control groups were homogeneous for demographic variables. According to the Mann-Whitney test, sexual satisfaction score in the  intervention group was significantly higher than the control group 8 weeks after the intervention (p < 0.001). According to the Wilcoxon test, there was a significant difference in the mean score of sexual satisfaction before and after intervention in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: WPSHP caused higher levels of sexual satisfaction. It is therefore recommended to use this program in women during the postpartum period to promote their sexual satisfaction. Key words: Sexual satisfaction, Sexual counseling, Sexual health, Postpartum