A Systematic Review of Commercialization of Public Enterprises in Global North and South

Commercialisation is a deliberate government strategy that aims to increase economic development and efficiency by lowering government involvement and expanding the range of activities performed by the private sector through the transmission of government-owned assets to private ownership, and promoting the participation of private stratum in public activity. This study therefore aims to analyse the introduction of commercialisation in countries both in the global north and global south. This study also aims to unravel the merits and demerits of commercialisation as well as the factors that led to the success or failure of thecommercialisation process in the countries listed. The study engaged secondary data while it adopted the liberal theory and a descriptive survey research design. For this study, secondary data were collected from published works, academic journals, books, reports, and online materials. Findings revealed that following the ostensibly successful commercialisation programme in Britain, the commercialisation of public businesses has emerged as a key policy tool in countries both in global south and global north. This studyconcludes generally, that the commercialisation policy itself is not a terrible notion, but that the issue is more with its implementation and the practical effects it has on the country's economic independence

The Challenges of Good Governance, Accountability of Governmental Agencies and Development

Some scholars have argued that the enhanced performance of governmental agencies in any nation is a product of good governance, accountability, transparency and trust, which in turn brings about the improvement in the living standard of the people. The implication of this position is that where good governance is absent, accountability of governmental agencies and development in such a society is likely to be affected negatively. With the analysis of secondary data, the paper examines the challenges of good governance, accountability of governmental agencies and development in Nigeria. It observes the manifestation of unethical behaviour amongst public officials as the major challenge hindering development in the country. It therefore recommend among others the need for the government to strengthen the existing anti-corruption agencies to enable them enforce proper ethical behaviour amongst managers of governmental agencies for development in Nigeria

PRIVATIZATION OF PUBLIC ENTERPRISES: WHICH WAY NIGERIA?

Governments exist among others to implement policies for the enhancement of the living standard of citizens. To accomplish this goal, public enterprises are established to provide goods and services. With the use of secondary data, the paper examines privatization policy in Nigeria. It observed government interference, lack of transparency and accountability as the major hindrances to the successful implementation of the policy. The paper therefore recommends that for privatization to achieve its goals, government should stop interfering in the implementation of the policy and appoint people of credible character to manage the implementing agency of privatization in Nigeria

Revisiting Coloniasm : An exploration of its legacy in four African texts

The purpose of this study was to revisit the topic of colonialism once more, in order to ascertain whether it had both negative and positive impacts in Africa. This is so because colonialism is mostly renowned for its negative attributes, therefore, the study attempted to give a more balanced analysis of colonialism and its effects on the colonies and colonised subjects. To this effect, the study examined four African texts: Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart(1967), Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Ngugi Wa Mirri’s I Will Marry When I Want (1982), Mongo Beti’s Mission to Kala (1957) and Sembene Ousmane’s The Last of The Empire (1983). The analysis showed that colonialism did have damaging and constructive impacts on the former colonies. However, these constructive impacts have their limitations where Africans are concerned. The study also came to the conclusion that despite the destructiveness of colonialism there are vital aspects of the Western civilisation that need to be and have been accommodated by Africans. Therefore, amalgamating the positives of various cultures rather than trying to separate them, is the way forward for people of any race as the world has undeniably become a global village. It is easy to see the wrongs and injustices of European Imperialism in Africa. African culture was damaged. The Europeans did not understand tribal differences and tribal customs. They did not even try to understand. The Europeans forced the Africans to learn new ways. They tried to make the Africans feel inferior. They forced the Africans to accept European government, religion, and languages. They drew up colonial boundaries without giving any thought to splitting up tribes. Some of the things the Europeans did in Africa helped the natives. But most of those things were done for the sake of the Europeans. Railway systems, roads, and schools were built and the continent of Africa was opened up to the rest of the world.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 201

Revisiting Coloniasm : An exploration of its legacy in four African texts

The purpose of this study was to revisit the topic of colonialism once more, in order to ascertain whether it had both negative and positive impacts in Africa. This is so because colonialism is mostly renowned for its negative attributes, therefore, the study attempted to give a more balanced analysis of colonialism and its effects on the colonies and colonised subjects. To this effect, the study examined four African texts: Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart(1967), Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Ngugi Wa Mirri’s I Will Marry When I Want (1982), Mongo Beti’s Mission to Kala (1957) and Sembene Ousmane’s The Last of The Empire (1983). The analysis showed that colonialism did have damaging and constructive impacts on the former colonies. However, these constructive impacts have their limitations where Africans are concerned. The study also came to the conclusion that despite the destructiveness of colonialism there are vital aspects of the Western civilisation that need to be and have been accommodated by Africans. Therefore, amalgamating the positives of various cultures rather than trying to separate them, is the way forward for people of any race as the world has undeniably become a global village. It is easy to see the wrongs and injustices of European Imperialism in Africa. African culture was damaged. The Europeans did not understand tribal differences and tribal customs. They did not even try to understand. The Europeans forced the Africans to learn new ways. They tried to make the Africans feel inferior. They forced the Africans to accept European government, religion, and languages. They drew up colonial boundaries without giving any thought to splitting up tribes. Some of the things the Europeans did in Africa helped the natives. But most of those things were done for the sake of the Europeans. Railway systems, roads, and schools were built and the continent of Africa was opened up to the rest of the world.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 201

Demographic Variables and Stress Management Among Cataloguers in University Libraries in Cross Rivers State

This study investigated demographic variables and stress management among cataloguers in university libraries in Cross Rivers State. It was undertaken as a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 25 professional and para-professional librarians (i.e. UNICAL = 12, CRUTECH 9 and A.T.U = 4). The sample size was also 25 using the census sampling technique. The researcher used the whole population as sample because, it was small. The instrument titled “Demographic Variables and Stress Management among Cataloguers Questionnaire (DVSMCQ) was used to elicit information from the respondents. The instrument was validated by experts in the field of study. Reliability test was by test- retest method using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) which yielded reliability coefficient of 0.78 meaning that, the instrument was reliable, consistent and good for this study. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference between the independent variable (age, gender, marital status and academic qualification) and dependent variable (stress management) among cataloguers. In conclusion, females are more stressed in the job when compared with their male counterparts. It was recommended among others that cataloguers should develop positive job attitude to work and not wait until accreditation, before doing their job in order to avoid stress. Keywords: Demographic, Variables, Stress Management, Cataloguers, Libraries DOI: 10.7176/IKM/9-9-01 Publication date:October 31st 201

Геология и проект поисковых работ на золото-серебряное оруденение участка Сахчан Майманджинской перспективной площади (Магаданская область)

Объектом исследования является участок Сахчан Майманждинской перспективной площади (Магаданская область) Цель работы: изучение особенностей геологического строения и составление проекта поисковых работ на золото-серебряное оруденения участка Сахчан Майманджинской перспективной площади. В процессе исследования проводилось изучение и анализ опубликованной и фондовой специализированной литературы.The object of the study is the Sakhchan section of the Maimandzhdinskaya prospective area (Magadan Oblast). The purpose of the study is to study the features of the geological structure and compile a draft search for gold-silver mineralization of the Sakhchan section of the Maymanjin Prospect Area. In the process of research, the analysis and analysis of published and specialized specialized literature

EVALUATION OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS OF THE 2015 GOVERNORSHIP ELECTION IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Democracy has gained universal acceptance and periodic eledion is one of basic feature of democracy. Since the advent of the Fourth Republic in 1999, several elections have been conducted at both national, state local government levels. However, the 2015 general elections served as turning points to the entire electoral process in Nigeria due to the higher acceptance of their outcomes and peaceful transition recorded. The paper evaluates electoral process of the 2015 gubernatorial election in Lagos State. The study adopted the historical method by using relevant journal articles, newspaper~ magazines and reports of eledoral bodies and agencies obtained from the internet. The study was anchored on the Procedural Theory of Democracy. The Content analysis method was used to gather from the data obtained, issues related to the eledoral process. The units of analysis include intra-party politics/candidates selection, campaign~ voting process and voters' behaviour, declaration of results and matters arising as well as performance of INEC Findings show that there was little intra-party democracy in the seledion of flag bearers among the two leading parties. Furthermore, the paper found that candidates engage in different kinds of political campaigns such as media tour~ rallies, and social media posts. The study recommends that political parties should condud proper primary elections and that INEC should improve its performances in future eledions by recruiting and training qualified personnel for proper electoral conduct in order to advance democracy for development in Nigeria

Live Birth after Treatment of a Ruptured Ectopic in a Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy

Heterotopic pregnancy, though more common in pregnancies achieved by assisted reproduction, is extremely rare following natural conception. Owing to this rarity, the diagnosis is oftentimes missed or made late, usually following rupture of the extrauterine gestation. Heterotopic pregnancy, therefore, expectedly carries significant maternal mortality and morbidity. With the advancement in assisted reproductive techniques, and   improvement in the diagnosis of ectopics using transvaginal ultrasound and beta‑human chorionic   gonadotropin assay, the frequency of heterotopic pregnancy is likely to increase, especially so in a country like Nigeria, with high twinning and ectopic pregnancy rates. To promptly diagnose heterotopic pregnancy and timely intervene, a high level of clinical suspicion is required. This would mitigate maternal morbidity and mortality, as well as preserve and continue the intrauterine pregnancy. With early diagnosis and prompt intervention, intrauterine pregnancy has a favourable outcome in the majority of cases. We present a  37‑year‑old multigravida with naturally conceived heterotopic pregnancy, in which the ectopic pregnancy ruptured. She subsequently had spontaneous vaginal delivery following surgical management (laparotomy) ofthe ruptured ectopic pregnancy