Seasonal variation of Thymus piperella L. essential oil composition. Relationship among ¿-terpinene, p-cymene and carvacrol

[EN] A wild population of Thymus piperella L. was monitored for two years in order to correlate phenological stages and meteorological data with yield and, essential oil (EO) composition. The plant material was extracted by hydrodistillation and the EO was submitted to GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. To achieve reliable quantification, relative response factors were applied. The results showed a progressive increase in the proportion of carvacrol according to the sunlight duration and temperature increase, until reaching a maximum at the beginning of flowering stage (52.9 % and 41.0 % in 2018 and 2019, respectively). A simultaneous decrease was found in the amount of p-cymene (8.2 % and 12.8 % respectively) in the same stage, whereas gamma-terpinene showed a similar evolution to that observed for carvacrol but with lower values (3.3 % - 14.6 %). From statistical analysis, significant changes in the relative proportions of carvacrol and its metabolic precursors: gamma-terpinene and p-cymene were found. They have been explained based on the proposed metabolic pathways in the literature. On the other hand, when relating the changes in the EO profiles with rainfall data, a strong influence of the water supply on the evolution of the chemical composition was observed.Llorens Molina, JA.; Vacas, S.; Escrivá, N.; Verdeguer Sancho, MM. (2022). Seasonal variation of Thymus piperella L. essential oil composition. Relationship among ¿-terpinene, p-cymene and carvacrol. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 34(6):502-513. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2022.210319150251334

Participación política de los migrantes latinoamericanos en Andalucía : oportunidades y limitaciones

The main purpose of this article is to present the results of a research project on the political participation of Latin American migrants in Andalusia (mainly in the cities of Seville and Huelva). The project uses a broad concept of what political participation constitutes, including both civic practices and activities associated with conventional politics, and adopts a transnational perspective. It is based on 45 semi-structured interviews with politically active migrants and members of political parties and other institutions. The article highlights some of the main findings of the research, including the importance of taking into account migrants’ previous political experiences, as well as the role played by migrant associations in order to better understand their political practices.El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de un proyecto sobre la participación política de los migrantes latinoamericanos en Andalucía (fundamentalmente en las ciudades de Sevilla y Huelva). Partiendo de una concepción amplia de lo político que incluye tanto prácticas consideradas cívicas como las asociadas a la participación política más convencional, el estudio adopta una perspectiva transnacional y se basa en el análisis de 45 entrevistas semiestructuradas a migrantes con algún grado de implicación, así como a miembros y representantes de partidos políticos y otras instituciones. Entre los resultados principales se destaca la importancia de las experiencias políticas previas de los migrantes, así como el papel que juegan las asociaciones que los agrupan a la hora de analizar la participación política de éstos

Political Participation of Latin American Migrants in Andalusia: Opportunities and Constraints

The main purpose of this article is to present the results of a research project on the political participation of Latin American migrants in Andalusia (mainly in the cities of Seville and Huelva). The project uses a broad concept of what political participation constitutes, including both civic practices and activities associated with conventional politics, and adopts a transnational perspective. It is based on 45 semi-structured interviews with politically active migrants and members of politi- cal parties and other institutions. The article highlights some of the main findings of the research, including the importance of taking into account migrants previ- ous political experiences, as well as the role played by migrant associations in order to better understand their political practices

Oportunidades y costes del campo político transnacional en el contexto de la migración colombiana, peruana y uruguaya a España

This article seeks to examine the political relations between sending states and their migrants abroad by focusing on the less explored context of Colombian, Peruvian and Uruguayan migration to Spain. In contrast to other research, it analyzes both the policies and programs designed by sending states to engage with their diasporas and the political actions of migrants, rather than focusing exclusively on one or the other. The aim is to understand how state-diaspora relations emerge and evolve in the transnational political field, in response to an evaluation of opportunities and costs on the part of the states and to migrants’ involvement in home country politics. To achieve this, the authors use a historical and comparative approach to draw similarities and differences between the three countries studied. The main contribution of the article is to highlight the importance of the historical and political context in which state-diaspora relations occur, as well as the migration history and characteristics of different migrant communities.En este artículo analizamos las relaciones políticas entre los Estados de Colombia, Perú y Uruguay y sus nacionales en el extranjero. A diferencia de la mayor parte de los estudios sobre transnacionalismo político y vinculación estatal transnacional, en el presente trabajo analizamos tanto las políticas y programas promovidos por los Estados de origen como las acciones y reacciones políticas de los migrantes. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar cómo las relaciones entre los Estados y sus diásporas emergen y se desarrollan en el campo político transnacional atendiendo a la evaluación de las oportunidades y los costes que tienen las acciones emprendidas por cada uno de estos actores. A través de un análisis histórico y comparativo mostramos las diferencias y similitudes en la configuración del campo político transnacional de los tres países. Como conclusión llamamos la atención sobre la importancia de los contextos históricos y políticos de origen y de recepción. Al mismo tiempo, señalamos que las diferencias entre las relaciones de los Estados con sus diásporas se explican también por la historia migratoria de cada país y las características específicas de las diferentes comunidades de emigrantes

Functional lability of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases in animals.

RNA interference (RNAi) requires RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) in many eukaryotes, and RNAi amplification constitutes the only known function for eukaryotic RdRPs. Yet in animals, classical model organisms can elicit RNAi without possessing RdRPs, and only nematode RNAi was shown to require RdRPs. Here we show that RdRP genes are much more common in animals than previously thought, even in insects, where they had been assumed not to exist. RdRP genes were present in the ancestors of numerous clades, and they were subsequently lost at a high frequency. In order to probe the function of RdRPs in a deuterostome (the cephalochordate Branchiostoma lanceolatum), we performed high-throughput analyses of small RNAs from various Branchiostoma developmental stages. Our results show that Branchiostoma RdRPs do not appear to participate in RNAi: we did not detect any candidate small RNA population exhibiting classical siRNA length or sequence features. Our results show that RdRPs have been independently lost in dozens of animal clades, and even in a clade where they have been conserved (cephalochordates) their function in RNAi amplification is not preserved. Such a dramatic functional variability reveals an unexpected plasticity in RNA silencing pathways