703 research outputs found
Quantitative analysis on the geomorphology influence in slope stability
La ocurrencia de deslizamientos está relacionada con unos factores que condicionan y otros que detonan los procesos de remoción en masa. Este trabajo contribuye a cuantificar la influencia de la geomorfología en la estabilidad de taludes como factor condicionante por medio de un análisis basado en el método de elementos finitos con un modelo constitutivo elastoplástico. Los análisis se realizaron a través de la simulación numérica de 9 modelos de taludes en tres dimensiones. Se obtuvo la variación espacial del tensor de esfuerzos y sus componentes por medio de las invariantes donde se refleja la influencia de la geoforma y el régimen de flujo en la estabilidad. Finalmente se calcula un indicador de falla potencial que cuantifica de manera unificada la influencia del esfuerzo de confinamiento y los esfuerzos de corte en el talud para determinar zonas de mayor susceptibilidad a la falla.Landslide occurrence is associated with some conditioning factors and triggering landslide processes. This research contributes to quantify the influence of geomorphology as a conditioning factor in slope stability, via analysis based on a finite element method with an elastoplastic constitutive model. The analysis performs through a numerical simulation with nine three-dimensional slope models. The spatial variation of the stress tensor and its components were obtained by the invariants that reflect the influence of the geoform and flow regime in slope stability. Finally, the authors calculated an index potential failure that quantifies, in a unified manner, the influence of the confinement pressure and shear stress in the slope to determine a susceptibilty failure area
El programa de apoyos directos al campo (PROCAMPO) y su impacto sobre la gestión del conocimiento productivo y comercial de la agricultura del Estado de México
This research was carried out in Estado de México, to analyzethe fulfillment of PROCAMPO’s collateral objectives in arepresentative sample of producers obtained from the censusof the program’s beneficiaries. The methodology used wasknowledge management in producers that own less than onehectare (smallholding traditional production system) and thosewith more than 20 hectares (commercial production system).We found evidence that the smallholding system is immersedin a transitional stage toward the commercial system, althoughwith a progressive reduction in social, economic and ecologicprofitability. Agriculture’s contribution to the family economyrepresented only 14.8% of the total. Both groups of farmershave production costs of more than 4000.00 por hectárea; no obstante, los minifundistas producencada kilo de maíz a casi la mitad de su valor comercial. Seconcluye que el PROCAMPO no cumple con sus objetivos colateralesy es necesario incluirle apoyos para bienes públicos, conla finalidad de desarrollar la gestión del conocimiento
Smooth particle hydrodynamics and discrete element method coupling scheme for the simulation of debris flows
Debris flows have been widely researched during the last decades since they are catastrophic events with significant infrastructure and environmental impacts. Typically, they are composed of various materials which interactions are worth for studying, to improve the prediction of some variables, such as velocities, forces and affected areas. Constitutive models and numerical methods are fundamental in broadening the knowledge of the behaviour of these phenomena. Thus, the coupling of numerical techniques, for the different constituents of debris flow is becoming indispensable to describe the behaviour of these natural events. The coupling of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and Discrete Element Method (DEM) is presented in this paper to show the capacity to represent the interaction of several materials at the same time. SPH is employed to represent the fluid and soil by using different constitutive models from a continuum approach. In contrast, DEM is used to represent immersed objects such as boulders and boundary conditions. In this sense, we can couple the behaviour that occurs at very different scales in a unified framework more suitable to describe the heterogeneity of debris flows. Benchmark cases were solved to validate this new approach. The simulations show good agreement with analytical solutions, experimental results and field data
Landlocked Countries, Natural Resources and Growth: The Double Economic Curse Hypothesis
In this paper, we discuss the hypothesis of a double effect of economic slowdown on economic growth, resulting by the income of natural resources and being a landlocked country. We considered the problem of heterogeneity as conditioned functions to quantile moments in response of economic growth. To do this, groups of 97 countries are considered for the period 1970-2014. The results suggest that the “double economic curse” presents an annual impact of -3% in quantiles of medium-low growth countries. Subsequently, additive effects between human capital and trade openness are evaluated to mitigate the lag impacts on growth: decreasing approximately between 20% and 40% of the negative effect for low growth countries and contracting around 10% and 50% for countries with medium growth rates.
Keywords: Landlocked countries, economic growth, natural resources, human capital, trade openness, quantile regressions.
JEL Classifications: O43, O47, O57, P48, C21
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.803
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
Medio ambiente, sociedad, ética, auditoría y educación: reflexiones desde la disciplina contable.
Los servicios y desarrollos tecnológicos en
todos los sectores económicos, al igual que
la actualidad social, educativa, ambiental
y agropecuaria en el mundo, constituyen
oportunidades para que los contadores públicos
se alejen de los procesos netamente manuales, y
se acerquen al desarrollo de actividades que agreguen
mayor valor a las unidades económicas en las
cuales se desempeñan profesionalmente; en consecuencia,
la academia recibe en la misma dimensión
retos importantes que conllevan revisar y actualizar
constantemente los contenidos, medios y escenarios
educativos, a través de los cuales se cumple con
la misión de formar contadores públicos idóneos
para la sociedad.
El programa de Contaduría Pública de la Corporación
Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO,
UVD, consiente de la responsabilidad que tiene al
ser uno de los programas con mayor número de
estudiantes actualmente en Colombia, ha cimentado
a lo largo de sus primeros ocho años bases
adecuadas y orientadas a constituir una comunidad
académica reconocida por sus aportes alternativos
a la profesión y a la industria contable en general.
El libro Medio ambiente, sociedad, ética, auditoría y
educación en su segunda versión es una muestra de
cómo el III Encuentro Nacional y II Internacional de
Investigación Contable UNIMINUTO UVD, llevado
a cabo en Bogotá en Octubre del 2018, se convirtió
en un espacio extraordinario en el que se reunieron
representantes de los veintiún lugares de oferta del
programa de Contaduría Pública UNIMINUTO UVD,
para compartir los avances de los proyectos que se
tejen diariamente en diferentes lugares del territorio
nacional, y que hacen parte integral de las cuatro
sublíneas de investigación que se desarrollan al
interior del programa y que se visualizan claramente
lo largo del presente libro
Medio ambiente, sociedad, ética, auditoría y educación: reflexiones desde la disciplina contable.
Los servicios y desarrollos tecnológicos en
todos los sectores económicos, al igual que
la actualidad social, educativa, ambiental
y agropecuaria en el mundo, constituyen
oportunidades para que los contadores públicos
se alejen de los procesos netamente manuales, y
se acerquen al desarrollo de actividades que agreguen
mayor valor a las unidades económicas en las
cuales se desempeñan profesionalmente; en consecuencia,
la academia recibe en la misma dimensión
retos importantes que conllevan revisar y actualizar
constantemente los contenidos, medios y escenarios
educativos, a través de los cuales se cumple con
la misión de formar contadores públicos idóneos
para la sociedad.
El programa de Contaduría Pública de la Corporación
Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO,
UVD, consiente de la responsabilidad que tiene al
ser uno de los programas con mayor número de
estudiantes actualmente en Colombia, ha cimentado
a lo largo de sus primeros ocho años bases
adecuadas y orientadas a constituir una comunidad
académica reconocida por sus aportes alternativos
a la profesión y a la industria contable en general.
El libro Medio ambiente, sociedad, ética, auditoría y
educación en su segunda versión es una muestra de
cómo el III Encuentro Nacional y II Internacional de
Investigación Contable UNIMINUTO UVD, llevado
a cabo en Bogotá en Octubre del 2018, se convirtió
en un espacio extraordinario en el que se reunieron
representantes de los veintiún lugares de oferta del
programa de Contaduría Pública UNIMINUTO UVD,
para compartir los avances de los proyectos que se
tejen diariamente en diferentes lugares del territorio
nacional, y que hacen parte integral de las cuatro
sublíneas de investigación que se desarrollan al
interior del programa y que se visualizan claramente
lo largo del presente libro
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