Measurements of noise at crossroads and on transportations, its effects and possible measures to take

Noise has some effects which can be explained under the titles as ‘psychological’, ‘physical’, ‘physiological’, and ‘related to performance’. The psychological effects are general feeling of annoyance, boredom, bad-temper, and behavioural disorders; the physiological effects are the increase in blood pressure, faster breathing and pulsation, changes in body activities, disorders in blood circulation and sudden reflexes. The physical effects are temporary or permanent hearing damage. The effects on performance are associated with difficulty in concentration, lack of movement, and decrease in efficiency at work. It may not be possible to keep noise at normal levels in every condition but it may be possible to keep its effects under control by various arrangements and preventions. The measurement and definition of the noise, desired to be kept under control, by accurate methods and systems is a determinative factor in prevention of noise. For this aim the noise measurements were applied in Kadikoy, on the Anatolian Side of the city of Istanbul. In the research the measurements were made on five major crossroads and on mass transportations and the results were analyzed. The time of the measurements was randomly selected within working hours on weekdays. The data were obtained at certain periods of time from different spots and the results were presented

Measurements of noise at crossroads and on transportations, its effects and possible measures to take

Noise has some effects which can be explained under the titles as ‘psychological’, ‘physical’, ‘physiological’, and ‘related to performance’. The psychological effects are general feeling of annoyance, boredom, bad-temper, and behavioural disorders; the physiological effects are the increase in blood pressure, faster breathing and pulsation, changes in body activities, disorders in blood circulation and sudden reflexes. The physical effects are temporary or permanent hearing damage. The effects on performance are associated with difficulty in concentration, lack of movement, and decrease in efficiency at work. It may not be possible to keep noise at normal levels in every condition but it may be possible to keep its effects under control by various arrangements and preventions. The measurement and definition of the noise, desired to be kept under control, by accurate methods and systems is a determinative factor in prevention of noise. For this aim the noise measurements were applied in Kadikoy, on the Anatolian Side of the city of Istanbul. In the research the measurements were made on five major crossroads and on mass transportations and the results were analyzed. The time of the measurements was randomly selected within working hours on weekdays. The data were obtained at certain periods of time from different spots and the results were presented

Measurements of noise at crossroads and on transportations, its effects and possible measures to take

Noise has some effects which can be explained under the titles as ‘psychological’, ‘physical’, ‘physiological’, and ‘related to performance’. The psychological effects are general feeling of annoyance, boredom, bad-temper, and behavioural disorders; the physiological effects are the increase in blood pressure, faster breathing and pulsation, changes in body activities, disorders in blood circulation and sudden reflexes. The physical effects are temporary or permanent hearing damage. The effects on performance are associated with difficulty in concentration, lack of movement, and decrease in efficiency at work. It may not be possible to keep noise at normal levels in every condition but it may be possible to keep its effects under control by various arrangements and preventions. The measurement and definition of the noise, desired to be kept under control, by accurate methods and systems is a determinative factor in prevention of noise. For this aim the noise measurements were applied in Kadikoy, on the Anatolian Side of the city of Istanbul. In the research the measurements were made on five major crossroads and on mass transportations and the results were analyzed. The time of the measurements was randomly selected within working hours on weekdays. The data were obtained at certain periods of time from different spots and the results were presented

Determination of occupational accidents in industrial production and suggestions for solutions

Bilindiği üzere sanayi devrimiyle insana olan gereksinimin yerini makineleşmeye bırakmıştır. Bu makinelerin çalışması içinde elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Zamanla sanayi teknolojisinin oldukça gelişmesiyle elektriğe bağımlılık daha da fazlalaşmıştır. Buda elektrik bakım teknisyenleri, elektrikle çalışma yapan çalışanlar açısından yeni bir sektör doğurmuştur. Bu sektörün yaygınlaşmasıyla iş güvenliği açısından da farklı sorunlar ortaya oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada çalışanların çalışma yaşam ında yaşayabileceği veya yaşadıkları temel sorunları tespit edip öneriler sunarak bu sektörde iş kazalarını kaynağında yok etmeye yönelik olarak yapılmıştır.Determination of work-related accidents in industrial production regarding electricity experienced and their solutions. The need for manpower has replaced with mechanization since the industrial revolution. Electrical energy in the operation of these machines was needed. The addiction to Electricity has increased since the development of industrial technology, which has given birth to a new study in electrically sector in terms of employees and electrical maintenance technicians. With the spread of job security in this sector, different issues have been revealed. This thesis has been studied to destroy the sources of work-related accidents by offering suggestions to detect the underlying problems the employees might live, or live in their work life

Game Theory-Based Autonomous Vehicle Control Via Image Processing

Self-driven vehicles slowly but surely are making the transition from a distant future technology to current luxury by slowly becoming a part of our everyday life. Due to their self-driving ability, they are making our travels efficient. However, they are still a work in progress as they require many software and hardware-based improvements. To address the software part of this issue, an image processing-based solution has been proposed in this study. The algorithm estimates the real-time positions and predicts the possible interaction of the objects, such as other moving vehicles, present in the vicinity of the driven autonomous vehicle in determined environmental conditions. Cameras and related peripheral present on autonomous vehicles are used to obtain data related to the real-time situation for predicting and preventing possible hazardous events, such as accidents, using these data

Design and Analysis Comparison of Surface Acoustic Wave-Based Sensors for Fabrication Using Additive Manufacturing

Sensors have become an integral part of our everyday lives by helping us converting packets of data to make important decisions. Due to this reason, researches are done constantly to improve the fabrication processes of sensors by making them more user-friendly, less time-consuming, and more cost-effective. The application of any fabrication solution that offers those advantages will have a major impact on the manufacturing of modern sensors. To address this issue, a 3D printed Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) temperature sensor is presented in this paper. The modelling and analysis of such a sensor have been performed for both aluminium and copper electrodes using COMSOL software. In total, 4 different sensing structures, 2 each for both aluminium and copper electrodes based one-port resonators, are designed and analysed for their application in temperature sensing. The resulting responses of those sensors are approximately 2.19 MHz and 424.01 MHz frequency ranges. The novelty lies in the possibility of mass-producing such a sensor using additive manufacturing will have a direct impact in the areas where conventional electronics cannot be utilized

Sanayide staj yapan meslek lisesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin iş güvenliği konusunda karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri

Bilindiği üzere 18.yy başlarındaki sanayi Devrimi dünyada ekonomik ve sosyal anlayışta değişmelere yol açan liberal bir anlayışın dünya üzerindeki hakimiyetin başlangıcıdır. Bu ekonomik anlayış ihtiyaç - tüketim dengesini arz- talep piyasasına çevirmiştir. Bu ekonomik rekabeti yaratmıştır. Bu rekabeti yaratan öğeler maliyet, kalite, işçi, donanım, teknoloji, ihtiyaç analizleri v.b. 'in ağırlık kazanmasına neden olmuştur. Artık yalnız insan ihtiyaçlarını üretmede teknoloji, kalite ve eğitim anlayışı bu sürecin olmazsa olmazlarıdır. Bu kriterlerin sağlanması iki tarafı oluşturmuştur. Bunlar işçi ve işverendir. Bu tarafların ilişkileri, hakları ve görevleri tarafından belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde ülkeler ekonomik kararlar alırken bu tür düzenlemelere mutlaka yer vermektedir. Çünkü toplumun gereksinmelerini sağlayan ürünler nitelikli ve sağlıklı işçiler tarafından oluşturulmaktadır. Bu bütün gelişmiş dünya ülkeleri tarafından kabul görmektedir. Ülkemizde ise 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu geçerlidir. Bu kanun belli bir sözleşme karşılığında çalışan personelin çalışma şartlarını, çalışma ortamlarını, haklar ve görevleri içerir. Bununla birlikte meslek eğitimindeki öğrenciler için 3308 sayılı Mesleki Eğitim Kanunu yürürlüğe sunulmuştur. Ülkemizde iş kazaları sayısı oldukça fazladır. Bütün kanun ve uygulamalar kağıt üzerinde bırakılmıştır. İş güvenliğini sağlamada asıl başlangıç noktası eğitimli insanların yetiştirilmesi ve bunun da mesleki eğitim içerisinde yer almasıdır. Sanayide çalışılan ortamlarda özellikle mesleki eğitim amaçlı çalıştırdığımız çocuklarımızın iş güvenliklerinin sağlanması sürekli denetimin yapılması ve uygulamaların geliştirilmesiyle mümkün olacağı bir gerçektir. Ülkemizin önümüzdeki süreçte bu konuya daha da fazla duyarlı kalacağı ümidindeyiz. Bu araştırma ''Sanayide Staj Yapan Meslek Lisesi Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin İş Güvenliği Konusunda Karşılaştıkları Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri'' sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul İli sınırları içersindeki altı Endüstri Meslek ve bir Anadolu Meslek Lisesinde görevli öğretmen ve bu okullarda eğitim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma İstanbul İli içersinde bulunan Endüstri Meslek, Anadolu Endüstri Meslek ve Anadolu Meslek Lisesi öğrencilerini kapsamaktadır. Bu araştırma beş bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci Bölümde 'Giriş', İkinci Bölümde İlgili Yayınlar ve Araştırmalar, Üçüncü Bölümde Araştırmanın Yöntemi hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Dördüncü Bölümde bu araştırmada elde edilen bulgular ve son bölümde araştırmanın sonuçlarında konumuz için önemli olabilecek bilgiler bulunmuş bu bilgiler doğrultusunda öneriler belirtilmiştir. The industrial revolution, at the begining of the 18th century, is the starting point of the domination of a liberal approch, which caused changes in economic and social understanding in the world. This economic understanding has changed the need-product balance in the supply and demand market. This has caused economic competition. The elements which created the competition have caused cost, quality employee, equipment, technology and need analysıs, etc. to gain importance. Supplying these criteria formed two sides. These are employers and employes. The relationships, rights and duties of these two sides are arranged by governments. Now, when countries make economic decisions these regulations are always taken into consideration becus, it is accepted, by the developed countries of the world, that the products which satisfy the needs of the society are produced by qualified and healthy employees. In our country the ''labour law'' numbered 4857 is valid. This law includes the working conditions, working environment and rights and responsibilities of the staff who work with contract. Besides this law, for students who receive occuptional education the law of Occuptional Education numbered 3308 is valid. The number of work accidents is quite high in our country. All the laws and regulations are on paper ın order to provide job security, the real starting point is raising educated people and this must be included in occuptional education. It is true that, in the working environments of the industry, providing job security for the children whom we empoly, especially for the purpose of occuptional education is possible by doing continuous control and developing sensitive to this subject in the future. This research aims to present analysıs the sample of the research includes students and teachers from six Industry Occuptional and one Anadolu Education Highschool, in İstanbul The research includes students of Endüstri Meslek, Anadolu Endüstri Meslek and Anadolu Meslek Lisesi, in İstanbul This research consist of five parts. The first part includes ''Introduction'', the second part includes ''Related Research and Publications'' the third part includes '' Information about the method of research''. Inthe forth part there is diagnosis of the research and in thelast part there is the result of the research and suggestions. In this research, information that is i,mportant to this subject is found and following this information suggestions are made

HDPE / ZnO - SiO2 - CaCO3 - Mg(OH)2 nano-polimerinin mekanik, ısıl ve fiziksel özelliklerinin incelenmesi

ÖZETHDPE / ZnO - SiO2 - CaCO3 - Mg(OH)2 NANO-POLİMERİNİN MEKANİK, ISIL VE FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİPolimer teknolojisi her geçen gün ihtiyaçlar için yeni çözümler üretmektedir. Son yıllarda bu konudaki araştırmalar oldukça artmıştır. Bununla birlikte dolgu malzemelerinin polimerlere ilavesiyle de yeni malzemeler üretilmiştir. Polimer ile dolgu arasındaki ilişki malzemenin fiziksel özellikleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte malzeme araştırmalarında nano malzemeler üzerinde durulan konulardan bir diğeri olmuştur. Nano ölçekli malzemeler külçe malzemelere göre daha farklı ve üstün nitelikli mekanik, elektrik, ısıl, optik ve kimyasal özelliklere sahiptirler. Çalışmamızda Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen ile değişik nano partiküllerden üretilen malzemeler üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen sert olarak tanımlayabileceğimiz bir malzeme olup suya, kimyasal maddelere direnci iyidir. Işık ve açık hava koşullarında ise pek dayanıklı olduğu söylenemez. Buna karşı mekanik özellikleri iyi olan yüksek yoğunluklu polietilenin özellikle darbe ve çekme dayanımı yüksektir. Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilenin bazı dolgu maddeleriyle olumsuz yönleri iyileştirilebilmekte ve diğer özellikleri güçlendirilebilmektedir. Ancak bu polimere katılacak dolgunun yüzeylerde sahip olduğu etkileşim malzemenin kalitesini büyük ölçüde etkilemektedir.Araştırmanın amacı; çinko oksit, magnezyum hidroksit, kalsiyum karbonat ve silisyum dioksit ile karıştırılan yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen kompozit üzerinde oluşturacağı ara yüzey etkileşiminin fiziksel, mekanik ve morfolojik özelliklere olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen ve çinko oksit, magnezyum hidroksit, kalsiyum karbonat ve silisyum dioksit nanopartiküller % 5,10,15 ve 20 oranında karıştırılmıştır. Karışım işleminden sonra kurutulan malzemeler ekstrüzer makinesi ve kırıcı ile granül haline getirilmiştir. Enjeksiyon makinesinde kalıplanan numunelere çekme, darbe, aşınma, sertlik gibi mekanik testler uygulanmış, ısıl özelliklerinin tespit edilmiş, SEM incelemesi ile nanopartiküllerin yapıdaki dağılımı incelenmiştir. Dolgulu ve dolgusuz yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen için elde edilen test sonuçlarında her bir dolgu malzemesinin ve bunların dolgu oranlarının yapıya girmesiyle mekanik özellikler azalma meydana gelmiş, buna karşı ısıl özelliklerinde iyileşmeler gözlenmiştir. Bunun nedeni nano boyuttaki dolgu malzemelerinin homojen yapı oluşumu ve dağılımdaki zorluk, hidrofobik-hidrofilik ayrışmalar, katkı oranlarının artışına bağlı yüzey etkileşiminin azalması sayılabilir.Çalışmamızın ilk bölümünde nano teknoloji, malzemeler, kompozit ve nano kompozitler hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise çalışma konumuzla ilgili yapılan çalışmalar ve sonuçları sunulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde araştırmada kullanılan malzemeler ve numunelerin elde edilmesi anlatılmıştır. Bu bölümde numuneler üzerinde uygulanan testler hakkında da bilgi verilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise yapılan deneyler sonrası elde edilen sonuçlar ve bu sonuçlara ait grafikler sunulmuştur. Bu sonuçların yorumlanması ve yorumlara ait öneriler ise son bölümde verilmiştir.ABSTRACTTHE MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HDPE COMPOSITES FILLED WITH ZnO, SiO2, CaCO3 AND Mg(OH)2 NANO POWDERSPolymer technology is producing new solutions for recent needs day by day. The investigations about this subject have increased in recent years. Unused materials have been produced by adding the packing material to the polymer. The connection between the polymer and the core is known to have a big effect on the physical features of the material. Together with this, nano-material is one of the subjects that have been brought about. Nano materials compared to the ingot materials are a bit different and have superior mechanic, electrical, thermal, optics and chemical qualifications properties.In this study we have worked on the high density polyethylene and different materials produced by nano-powder. High density polyethylene can be defined as an ironbound material and it is resistant to water and chemical materials. However it cannot be said to be so lasting in light and open air. On the contrast, this high density polyethylene, that has good mechanical features, has high hit and rolling strength. Using some stowing substances these negative sides can be improved and other features can be strengthened. But the interaction of the stowing substance that will be added to materials on the surfaces is mostly dependent on this.The main aim of this study is the investigation of the effect of high-intensity polyethylene, which is filled with zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide and the impact of this interface interaction on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties. High density polyethylene and zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide have been mixed at % 5, %10, %15 and % 20 proportion. After the mixing activity the dehydrated materials have been changed into granule by the help of crusher and extrusive machine.Some mechanic tests like tensile, wear and hardness have been applied to the samples that have been molded in injection machine. Some analysis has been made to locate the thermal properties and with SEM investigation the dispersion of the nano powders in substance have been investigated. The results that have been obtained from the tests for the filled and unfilled polyethylene showed that: there have been observed a decrease in mechanical properties and a recovery in thermal properties by adding each filling materials and their filling proportions added to structures. The reasons may be the homogeneous structure of the nano sized filling materials, the difficulty in diffusion, hydrophobic – hydrophilic alterations or the decreasing surface interaction related to increasing additive proportions.In the first part of our study some general information has been given about nano technology, materials, composites and nano composites. As for the second part the workings and results done about our labor subject have been submitted. In the third part obtaining of the materials and samples used during our investigation have been explicated. Also some information about the tests, which have been made on the samples, has been given in this part. In the fourth part the results of the experiments and the charts belonging to these results have been presented. The comments of the results and proposals about these comments are given in the last part

Effect of bumper thickness with collision simulation of passenger vehicles

The finite element method is the most common method used to solve engineering and mathematical model problems. Related solution areas include structural analysis, heat transfer, mass transport and electromagnetic potential. FEM is a specific numerical method used to solve partial differential equations in two or three space variables. To solve a problem, FEM breaks up a large system into smaller, simpler parts called finite elements. First, a three-dimensional model of the system to be analyzed is produced. While defining the model, the materials and connection types found in the model are also deter-mined. Afterwards, the model is divided into small parts and analyzed under specified conditions. A crash test will be conducted in this study. For this, the conditions of the vehicle parts will be examined by hitting a wall under the conditions of which the model design of the vehicle is determined. Crash tests were carried out for two different bumper thicknesses on the same vehicle and the test results were examined. The vehicle speed is modeled as 20 m/s in the simulation carried out from the moment of impact until 0.14 seconds later. The effect of buffer thickness on axial displacements at impact and energy changes are presented