Wirkungsweise von Myco-Sin bei der Feuerbrandbekämpfung

The biocontrol agent Myco-Sin is used as plant health enhancer for fire blight control in ecological fruit growing. Using two in-vivo-systems indications for the mechanism of action of Myco-Sin were found. Myco-Sin clearly reduced the development of fire blight symptoms on detached pear blossoms, because the growth of Erwinia amylovora on stigmas and hypanthia was inhibited. With a pathogenicity test on immature pear fruits the resistance inducing effect of Myco-Sin was confirmed

Genesis and dating of Late Pleistocene-Holocene soil sediment sequences from the Lüneburg Heath, Northern Germany

Während in den Lössgebieten Mitteleuropas die Lössstratigraphie und die menschliche Besiedlung der Lössgebiete sowohl eiszeitlich wie auch im Holozän gut bekannt sind, liegen zu den Sandlössgebieten der Altmoränengebiete keine neueren Erkenntnisse zur zeitlichen Stellung der Sedimente oder zur Siedlungsgeschichte und zum Einfluss auf die Bodenentwicklung vor. In der Arbeit werden aus einem Sandlössgebiet in der Lüneburger Heide zwei Bodenprofile vorgestellt deren Gliederung einen Einblick in die Genese der vergangenen 10 000 Jahre erlaubt. Die Profile wurden sedimentologisch, pedologisch und palynologisch untersucht und charakterisiert. Die Datierung der Profile erfolgte mittels optisch stimulierter Lumineszenz (OSL) und Radiokarbondatierung. Die Ergebnisse legen einen menschlichen Einfluss auf die Böden ab dem späten Neolithikum nahe. Darunter sind Erosions- und Akkumulationsprozesse und insbesondere eine Anreicherung mit organischem Material zu fassen. Erstmals können mit dieser Studie Datierungen von Sedimenten und Böden des Altmoränengebietes präsentiert werden.researc

Use of Reynoutr;a sachalinens;s plant extracts, clay preparations and Brev;bacillus brev;s against fungal diseases of grape berries

R. sachalinensis plant extracts (Milsana was in ali trials as effective against U. necator as sulphur, even in years with very high disease pressure. The plant extract showed also positive effects in Botrytis control. Myco-Sin was in ali trials as effective in controlling P. viticola as the copper containing agent FW 450. The combination 01 Milsana, Myco-Sin and B. brevis revealed the potential 01 B. brevis lor control 01 B. cinerea in grape berries, and indicated additional positive effects towards the contro I 01 U. necator. The combined use 01 these biological control agents shows strong potential lor replacement 01 copper and sulphur in organic viticulture

Toric rings, inseparability and rigidity

This article provides the basic algebraic background on infinitesimal deformations and presents the proof of the well-known fact that the non-trivial infinitesimal deformations of a $K$-algebra $R$ are parameterized by the elements of cotangent module $T^1(R)$ of $R$. In this article we focus on deformations of toric rings, and give an explicit description of $T^1(R)$ in the case that $R$ is a toric ring. In particular, we are interested in unobstructed deformations which preserve the toric structure. Such deformations we call separations. Toric rings which do not admit any separation are called inseparable. We apply the theory to the edge ring of a finite graph. The coordinate ring of a convex polyomino may be viewed as the edge ring of a special class of bipartite graphs. It is shown that the coordinate ring of any convex polyomino is inseparable. We introduce the concept of semi-rigidity, and give a combinatorial description of the graphs whose edge ring is semi-rigid. The results are applied to show that for $m-k=k=3$, $G_{k,m-k}$ is not rigid while for $m-k\geq k\geq 4$, $G_{k,m-k}$ is rigid. Here $G_{k,m-k}$ is the complete bipartite graph $K_{m-k,k}$ with one edge removed.Comment: 33 pages, chapter 2 of the Book << Multigraded Algebra and Applications>> 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Natur

Near-real time oculodynamic MRI: a feasibility study for evaluation of diplopia in comparison with clinical testing

Objective: To demonstrate feasibility of near-real-time oculodynamic magnetic resonance imaging (od-MRI) in depicting extraocular muscles and correlate quantitatively the motion degree in comparison with clinical testing in patients with diplopia. Methods: In 30 od-MRIs eye movements were tracked in the horizontal and sagittal plane using a a TrueFISP sequence with high temporal resolution. Three physicians graded the visibility of extraocular muscles by a qualitative scale. In 12 cases, the maximal monocular excursions in the horizontal and vertical direction of both eyes were measured in od-MRIs and a clinical test and correlated by the Pearson test. Results: The medial and lateral rectus muscles were visible in the axial plane in 93% of the cases. The oblique, superior and inferior rectus muscles were overall only in 14% visible. Horizontal (p = 0,015) and vertical (p = 0,029) movements of the right eye and vertical movement of the left eye (p = 0,026) measured by od-MRI correlated positively to the clinical measurements. Conclusions: Od-MRI is a feasible technique. Visualization of the horizontal/vertical rectus muscles is better than for the superior/inferior oblique muscle. Od-MRI correlates well with clinical testing and may reproduce the extent of eye bulb motility and extraocular muscle structural or functional deteriorations. Key Points • Oculodynamic MRI technique helps clinicians to assess eye bulb motility disorders • MRI evaluation of eye movement provides functional information in cases of diplopia • Oculodynamic MRI reproduces excursion of extraocular muscles with good correlation with clinical testing • Dynamic MRI sequence supplements static orbital protocol for evaluation of motility disorder