Effect of halophilic bacteria as a sustainable strategy to reduce soil salinity in raspberry (Rubus idaeus) cultivation

The raspberry (Rubus idaeus) is the main crop of Jocotepec municipality, being dedicated to protected agriculture, chemical fertilization causes soil salinization, which results in the crop´s not developing its maximum potential. To evaluate the effect of halophilic bacteria as a sustainable strategy to reduce soil salinity in raspberry cultivation, the present research assessed a production unit located at the Jocotepec Municipality, Jalisco state, Mexico. The evaluated halophilic bacteria treatments were doses of 7 L/ha, 5 L/ha, and 3 L/ha plus an absolute control, on three intervals - of 15 days application in saturated furrow irrigation. The assessed soil variables were pH and EC; in the plants: plant height, number of loaders, stem diameter, and number of boxes produced. The evaluation of the effect of halophilic bacteria on the quantitative variables was carried out with an ANOVA in the SAS® Studio 2023 software, in a completely randomized block design, after complying with normality of residuals and homogeneity of variances assumptions associated with the Tukey means comparison statistical test (p < 0.05). The results show a direct effect of the halophilic bacteria dosage on the soil EC decrease, from 2.35 ds/m (Control) to 1.81 ds/m (Dose 5 L/ha), values equivalent to light salinity (< 2 ds/m). Regarding the agronomic variables, improvements were evident in the evaluated characteristics

Aprendizajes y trayectorias del sector agroalimentario mexicano durante el TLCAN

Ante la firma del Tratado México, Estados Unidos y Canadá (T-MEC), es importante hacer un balance de los efectos que dejó tras de sí el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) en el sector agropecuario. Por ello, connotados especialistas analizan factores socioeconómicos del sistema agroalimentario mexicano en el contexto de las relaciones comerciales con Estados Unidos y Canadá. Los 10 estudios que contiene el libro Aprendizajes y trayectorias del sector agroalimentario mexicano durante el TLCAN son de gran valía para la obtención de conocimiento especializado para comprender críticamente las lógicas, trayectorias, evolución y comportamientos de las cadenas productivas a la luz de la firma de los tratados comerciales de América del Norte, así como sus efectos en el campo mexicano, territorios rurales y consumidoresFinanciación del Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura en colaboración con autore

Estudios de Caso sobre Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales en el siglo XXI.

Libro científico sobre estudios de casos en el medio agropecuario y ruralCon el advenimiento del siglo XXI y el avance de los procesos de globalización, el medio rural presenta diversos cambios económicos, sociales, políticos y culturales. Lo anterior significa que el campo es un objeto de estudio altamente dinámico, complejo e inasible. las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales, en la actualidad, requieren de un abordaje sistémico e interdisciplinario que den cuenta de la heterogeneidad de situaciones y contextos que enfrenta el campo mexicano. La presente obra agrupa 18 estudios de caso, que capturan algunas fotografías de las diversas problemáticas de la ruralidad mexicana, con lo cual se pretende dar cuenta tanto de los objetivos de estudio como de la perspectiva teórico metodológico desde que estos son abordados. lo anterior tiene que ver con el hecho de que las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales manifiestan un alto grado de observación empírica, motivo por el que los estudios de caso se convierten en la perspectiva metodológica idónea que permite ir y venir de la realidad a la teoría y viceversa para la construcción de objetos de estudio. En este volumen se aborda una gran diversidad de casos, que sintetizan la heterogeneidad de enfoques y perspectivas mediante las cuales los fenómenos agropecuarios y rurales han sido abordados en el Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, en los últimos 30 años

Influence of temperature and time during malaxation on fatty acid profile and oxidation of centrifuged avocado oil

Abstract Virgin oil from avocados (Persea americana Mill.) is obtained by mechanical processes after pulp malaxation at temperatures that minimize oxidation and improve separation. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of time (0, 20, 30, 40, 60, 120 and 180 min) and temperature (40 and 50 °C) conditions during pulp malaxation on extraction yield, nutritional value (normalized fatty acid profile) and specific extintion (K232 and K270) of virgin oil extracted under laboratory conditions from avocados cultivated in southern Jalisco, Mexico. When pulp was malaxated for 120 min at 40 and 50 °C, a larger proportion of oil was extracted (82.9 ± 0.3% and 80.2 ± 0.8%, respectively). We observed that the normalized percentage of the fatty acids linoleic (18 ± 2%) and linolenic (1.2 ± 0.2%) decreased with mixing time, while that of palmitoleic (9 ± 1%), oleic (51.6 ± 1.2%) and stearic (0.5 ± 0.1%) remained without change. The ω-6:ω-3 ratio (15 ± 1) was higher than the recommended values but similar to those reported as favorable for health. Specific extinction (K232, 2.2 ± 0.3 and K270, 0.20 ± 0.03) indicate that the oxidation level remained low. Malaxation at 40 or 50 °C did not significantly alter the characteristics of the oil, but time significantly affected yield

Effect of Fertilization and Planting Date on the Production and Shelf Life of Tuberose

The tuberose, Agave amica, is an ornamental plant appreciated for its oils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of planting dates (April, May and June), dose of NPK (N80-P60-K40, N300-P200-K200, N100-P50-K50 and N00-P00-K00), and fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, combined and control) on tuberose production, flower quality and postharvest shelf life. The physiological variables spike characteristics, leaf color, biomass, and postharvest flower quality were evaluated. The results show that the best planting date is in June; plants planted in June flowered earlier (156 days) and had better flower quality. The fertilization formula N300-P200-K200 produced a higher number of spikes (1.32) and flowers (38.93), a larger stem diameter (0.9 cm), and promoted fewer days to flowering (188d). Plants fertilized with chemical fertilizer had fewer yellow leaves, a larger number of spikes (1.41), a longer spike length (26.89 cm), and a higher number of flowers/spikes (39.28), corms/plants (31.03), and open flowers on the ninth day in vase (13.14) and heavier stems with spikes (134.80 g). In conclusion, the dose of N300-P200-K200 from chemical source and planting in June produced the best flower quality and the shortest production cycle

Effect of Fertilization and Planting Date on the Production and Shelf Life of Tuberose

The tuberose, Agave amica, is an ornamental plant appreciated for its oils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of planting dates (April, May and June), dose of NPK (N80-P60-K40, N300-P200-K200, N100-P50-K50 and N00-P00-K00), and fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, combined and control) on tuberose production, flower quality and postharvest shelf life. The physiological variables spike characteristics, leaf color, biomass, and postharvest flower quality were evaluated. The results show that the best planting date is in June; plants planted in June flowered earlier (156 days) and had better flower quality. The fertilization formula N300-P200-K200 produced a higher number of spikes (1.32) and flowers (38.93), a larger stem diameter (0.9 cm), and promoted fewer days to flowering (188d). Plants fertilized with chemical fertilizer had fewer yellow leaves, a larger number of spikes (1.41), a longer spike length (26.89 cm), and a higher number of flowers/spikes (39.28), corms/plants (31.03), and open flowers on the ninth day in vase (13.14) and heavier stems with spikes (134.80 g). In conclusion, the dose of N300-P200-K200 from chemical source and planting in June produced the best flower quality and the shortest production cycle

Effect of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Process on Chemical Composition of <i>Polianthes tuberosa</i> Flower Extracts

Supercritical fluid extracts from flowers of Polianthes tuberosa var. double were ob tained using carbon dioxide as a solvent. Yield extract obtained was 2.5%. The effects of the pressure process (18 MPa, 28 MPa, and 38 MPa) and temperature process (313 K, 323 K, and 333 K) on the volatile composition of tuberose flowers extracts were evaluated, and a significant variation in chemical composition was found. Characteristic compounds of tuberose as methyl isoeugenol, benzyl benzoate, methyl anthranilate, pentacosene, and heptacosene were obtained mainly at 18 MPa and 333 K process conditions, and could be used in the perfume or fragrance industry. Components such as geraniol, farnesol, and methyl eugenol were also obtained, these extracts could be used in the development of cosmeceutical products. This work allowed to identification of the chemical composition profile and evaluation of the changes in tuberose extracts due to the extraction process

Amaryllidaceae

AMARYLLIDACEAE. Habranthus cardenasianus Traub & I. S. Nelson, 2n = 24; Argentina, Salta, 10 Oct 2013, D 666 (MNES). The karyotypic formula consists in 12 metacentric (m) and 12 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes (Fig. 3). The genomic size is 213.73 µm. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed the hybridization sites of the ribosomal DNA probes. The presence of active ribosomal genes (rDNA 18S / 26S) was located on the short arm of chromosomes 9 and 10 (m), on the long arm of chromosome 1 (m) and on the short arm of submetacentric chromosomes 23 and 24.Fil: Daviña, Julio Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Gianini Aquino, Analía Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Mata, Orlando Abrahan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Eric Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Tapia Campos, Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Barba Gonzalez, Rodrigo. Centro de Investigacion y Asistencia En Tecnologia y Diseño del Estado.; MéxicoFil: Honfi, Ana Isabel. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentin