Impacts of Internet Use on Trade: New Evidence for Developed and Developing Countries

This is an Accepted Manuscript version of the following article, accepted for publication in Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 57.10 (2021): 3017-3032. It is deposited under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any wayThis paper investigates the impact of Internet use on bilateral trade flows using a gravity model and panel data for the period 1996–2014. First, we test the positive influence of Internet use on exports for aggregate data. Second, we test the impact of Internet use on bilateral flows separately for high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries. We find a significant and positive relationship between the Internet and bilateral exports for both groups of countries. The results also show that the impacts vary from 0.03% to 0.13% depending on the levels of income. Unlike previous studies, our findings suggest that the effect of Internet use is greater for bilateral trade flows among high-income countries. We contribute to the literature by investigating the differentiated impacts of Internet use for high-income economies and low- and middle-income countries. Our study uses panel data and covers the period of the greatest Internet diffusionFinancial support received from the ECO2016-79650-P project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economics and Innovation is also gratefully acknowledge

ICTs impacts on trade: a comparative dynamic analysis for internet, mobile phones and broadband

This is an Accepted Manuscript version of the following article, accepted for publication in Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics 28.5 (2021): 577-591. It is deposited under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any wayWe investigate the impact of internet use, mobile phones, and broadband on bilateral trade flows using a dynamic gravity model and panel data for 2004‒2013. We find a significant and positive relationship between each type of ICT and bilateral exports, although the impacts vary depending on the type of technology. Our findings suggest that the effect of ICT use is larger for mobile phones and smaller for broadband. The impact on trade is greater for the exporter than for the importer. Mobile phones register the greatest effect for import countries in trade flows from high-income to low- and middle-income countries

Technological, institutional, and geographical peripheries: regional development and risk of poverty in the European regions

In this paper, we analyze the interrelation between technological, institutional, and geographical peripheries. By distinguishing between the quality and quantity of access to information and communication technologies, together with institutional and geographical factors, and using a sample of 229 European regions during the period 2007–2018, we find that the diffusion and quality of information and communication technologies foster economic development and decrease the risk of social exclusion. A similar effect is found for institutional and geographical factors, suggesting that the interplay of these three determinants may be crucial to set up place-based policie

The effect of broadband on European Union trade: A regional spatial approach

The positive effect of information and communication technologies (ICT) on trade between countries has been widely studied in the literature, but how ICT impacts regional trade is limited due to the lack of regional trade data. In this paper, we test whether broadband, as a proxy for ICT, increases bilateral trade at the regional level in Europe. We use a novel regional trade database of European Union regions and estimate an origin–destination flow gravity model for 2007 and 2010, accounting for spatial dependence among trade flows. Our results indicate that broadband is positive and significant in explaining trade patterns between European regions during both time period

El papel de la calidad institucional en la participación en las cadenas globales de valor

We explore the effect of institutional quality on participation in global value chains (GVCs) by distinguishing between backward and forward participation. Using a sample of 63 OECD and non-OECD countries during the period 2005-2015, the results obtained from a panel data estimation are twofold. First, we obtain a positive association between institutional quality and participation in GVCs, with slightly greater effects for backward than for forward participation. Second, we find that results are sensitive to the dimension of the institutions considered, with Voice and Accountability being associated with more backward participation, and Rule of Law and Political Stability with more forward participationSe analiza el efecto de la calidad institucional en la participación en las cadenas globales de valor (CGV) distinguiendo entre participación hacia atrás y hacia delante. Utilizando una muestra de 63 países miembros y no miembros de la OCDE a lo largo del período 2005–2015, los resultados obtenidos a partir de una estimación con datos de panel reflejan una doble evidencia. En primer lugar, se obtiene una relación positiva entre calidad institucional y participación en CGV, que registra efectos ligeramente mayores para la participación hacia atrás que para la participación hacia delante. En segundo lugar, se encuentra que los resultados son sensibles a la dimensión de las instituciones considerada, ya que Voz y Rendición de Cuentas está asociada positivamente con mayor participación hacia atrás, mientras que Estado de Derecho y Estabilidad Política se relacionan positivamente con la participación hacia delant

The Effect of ICT on Trade: Does Product Complexity Matter?

We use a gravity model of trade to investigate the effect of internet use on aggregate trade flows. We apply a structural gravity model using up-to-date PPML estimation techniques to a sample of bilateral exports of 120 countries over the period 2000–2014. In contrast to previous studies, we segment countries according to their degree of product complexity and estimate the model for each segment. The results show that internet use increases trade, and the segmentation by product complexity is more sensitive to internet use than segmenting by level of income. The main results also indicate that countries trade more if similar levels of ICT use are coupled with similar degrees of product complexity in the trading countries

Analysis and comparison of competitive balance in the Spanish ACB basketball league : a preliminary study

Regardless its relevance in sports economics, competitive balance has not been studied neither in Spanish nor in European professional basketball. In this preliminary study we measured the competitive balance in the Spanish ACB League from seasons 1983/1984 to 2003/2004 using the well-known winning percentage standard deviation index. Results showed great difference between seasons and a general low competitive balance index. In addition, tournament designing did not seem to affect the competitive balance in ACB

ICTs quality and quantity and the margins of trade

Given the importance of the fixed costs of exporting, we investigate how information and communication technologies (ICTs) relate to the extensive and intensive margin of trade (the fraction of products that are exported and the market share, respectively). We use a novel dataset on the quantity and quality of ICTs, namely the number of subscriptions (per capita) and the average quality of subscriptions (bandwidth). To test this relationship, we use an augmented Gravity Model of Trade with ICTs using panel data and controlling for multilateral resistance. Regression results for 150 countries over 1995–2014 provide robust evidence that ICTs matter for the extensive margin of trade. The evidence is even stronger for developing countries in terms of quality. Although the number of subscriptions matters for the extensive margin, the quality matters even more. While having a device helps producers and consumers access world markets, how much information these devices can share and how stable connections are also matte

REDISEÑO E IMPLANTACIÓN DEL SUBPROCESO DE PLANIFICACIÓN ECONÓMICA EN LA UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL « MARTA ABREU» DE LAS VILLAS

La investigación se realizó en el Departamento de Planificación y Estadística de la Universidad Central «Marta Abreu» de Las Villas (UCLV), con el propósito de solucionar los problemas que están afectando la elaboración del plan económico y del presupuesto de la entidad, paso importante para crear condiciones que brinden al estudiante un servicio de excelencia, sustentado por un aseguramiento de los recursos humanos, materiales y financieros consecuente con una acertada planificación económica. La presente investigación posibilitó identificar, organizar y delimitar responsabilidades en las operaciones del proceso de planificación económica en la universidad, para mejorar continuamente la gestión universitaria. Se evidencia la interrelación del proceso de aseguramiento de la gestión en la UCLV y como parte del mismo, el subproceso de las finanzas desarrollado a través del lazo de calidad. Finalmente se expone el procedimiento del subproceso de planificación económica en la UCLV

Broadband use and trade facilitation: Impacts on bilateral trade of sub-Saharan countries

This paper investigates the direct and combined impacts of trade facilitation and information and communication technology (ICT) on bilateral flows of 25 sub‐Saharan countries. For that purpose, we select time to export and import as specific trade facilitation indicators and broadband use to study ICT impacts. Our sample covers a total of 93 countries over the period 2004–2018. By preprocessing data analysis, we impute time costs missing values, an essential shortcoming of the available databases, to study trade facilitation over time. Lastly, we employ a gravity model and implement a Bonus Vetus Estimation. Our results show that broadband use exerts a positive and significant effect on trade, especially relevant for intra‐African trade flows. Furthermore, the combined effects indicate that broadband also modulates the negative impacts of time to export and time to import in the case of intra‐SSA countries' trade. The more significant result is found for time to export. Our results also confirm that time costs are not only particularly harmful to intra‐ African trade but also negatively impact trade flows from SSA countries to the rest of the world. These outcomes show the importance of coordinating trade facilitation and digital transformation policies, particularly those devoted to digitally transforming African custom