9 research outputs found

    Efecto de adicionar ácido ascórbico al medio de vitrificación de folículos preantrales bovinos

    Get PDF
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding ascorbic acid (AA) to the vitrification medium of bovine preantral follicles (PFs) subjected previously to cooling at 4 °C for 4 h or 24 h. Ovaries were collected from Nelore heifers at 14 months of age. In the laboratory, ovarian fragments were removed from the cortical region and distributed to fragments as fresh control (C0h), and fragments to cooling at 4 ºC for 4 and 24 hours in TCM-199 plus HEPES and antibiotics. Of the cooled fragments, two were fixed as controls for each cooling time (C4h, C24h), and the remaining fragments were distributed in four vitrification treatments, using the TCM-199 medium associated with ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide (V), sucrose (VSUC) or ascorbic acid (VAA), and the treatment with ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, sucrose and AA (VSUC+AA). After 72 h, fragments were warmed and fixed for histological analysis and mechanical follicular isolation. No difference (p>0.05) between C0h and C4h for morphologically normal PFs was detected (99.3 and 96.0%, respectively). Vitrification reduced the morphological integrity and follicular viability in all treatments compared to C0h; nevertheless, VAA treatment maintained the follicular viability like C24h (p>0.05). It is concluded that bovine PFs were conserved efficiently at 4 °C during 4 h, and the addition of ascorbic acid to the vitrification medium improved survival rates and kept the morphological integrity of the follicles.El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la adición de ácido ascórbico (AA) al medio de vitrificación de folículos preantrales (FPs) bovinos previamente enfriados a 4 °C durante 4 o 24 h. Se recolectaron ovarios de novillas Nelore a los 14 meses de edad. En el laboratorio se extrajeron fragmentos de ovario de la región cortical y se distribuyeron a fragmentos para control fresco (C0h), y fragmentos para refrigeración a 4 ºC por 4 y 24 horas en TCM-199 más HEPES y antibióticos. De los fragmentos enfriados, dos se fijaron como controles para cada tiempo de enfriamiento (C4h, C24h), y los restantes se distribuyeron en cuatro tratamientos de vitrificación, utilizando el medio TCM-199 asociado con etilenglicol y dimetilsulfóxido (V), sacarosa (VSUC) o ácido ascórbico (VAA), y el tratamiento con etilenglicol, dimetilsulfóxido, sacarosa y AA (VSUC+AA). Después de 72 h, los fragmentos se calentaron y fijaron para el análisis histológico y el aislamiento folicular mecánico. No se detectó diferencia (p>0.05) entre C0h y C4h para FPs morfológicamente normales (99.3 y 96.0%, respectivamente). La vitrificación redujo la integridad morfológica y la viabilidad folicular en todos los tratamientos en comparación con C0h; sin embargo, el tratamiento VAA mantuvo la viabilidad folicular similar a C24h (p>0.05). Se concluye que los FAs bovinos se conservaron eficientemente a 4 °C durante 4 h, y la adición de ácido ascórbico al medio de vitrificación mejoró las tasas de supervivencia y mantuvo la integridad morfológica folicular

    Características seminales de ovinos bajo condiciones ambientales del Caribe Colombiano

    Get PDF
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the seminal characteristics and the physical and functional conditions of native and introduced sheep breeds under the environmental conditions of the Colombian Caribbean. In total, 117 Santa Inés, Dorper, Katahdin and Ovinos de Pelo Colombiano (OPC) rams older than 11 months were evaluated for 14 months. The animals were from 18 farms of the departments of Córdoba, Sucre, Bolívar, Cesar and La Guajira. The physical-functional examinations of the males were carried out, as well as the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the semen. There were no differences (p>0.05) between breeds, departments and collection methods for the variables testicular volume, testicular length and width, scrotal circumference and testicular tone. In the humid Caribbean, mass motility was 76.36 ± 6.13% and the sperm concentration was 2707 ± 573x106 sperm/ml as compared to those found in the dry Caribbean (64.41 ± 5.45% and 962 ± 509.72 x106 sperm/ml, respectively). Semen collection method had a significant influence (p<0.05) on ejaculate volume, viability, vigour and sperm concentration. Seminal parameters were higher in the second and third trimester of the year and the relative humidity of the Caribbean had a significant effect on testicular volume (r=-0.23) and sperm abnormalities (r=0.29). It is concluded that the Santa Inés, Dorper, Katahdin and OPC sheep have satisfactory and viable characteristics for their reproduction in the Colombian Caribbean.El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las características seminales y las condiciones físicas y funcionales de ovinos nativos y foráneos bajo las condiciones ambientales del Caribe Colombiano. Se evaluaron durante 14 meses a 117 carneros Santa Inés, Dorper, Katahdin y Ovinos de Pelo Colombiano (OPC) mayores de 11 meses. Los animales eran de 18 fincas de los departamentos de Córdoba, Sucre, Bolívar, Cesar y La Guajira. Se realizaron los exámenes físico-funcionales de los machos, así como las características macroscópicas y microscópicas del semen. No hubo diferencias (p>0.05) entre razas, departamentos o métodos de colecta para las variables volumen testicular, largo y ancho testicular, circunferencia escrotal y tono testicular. En el Caribe húmedo la motilidad masal fue 76.36 ± 6.13% y la concentración espermática de 2707 ± 573x106 espermatozoides/ml en comparación con los encontrados en el Caribe Seco (64.41 ± 5.45% y 962 ± 509.72 x106 espermatozoides/ml, respectivamente). El método de extracción seminal influyó significativamente (p<0.05) sobre el volumen del eyaculado, viabilidad, vigor y concentración espermática. Los parámetros seminales fueron más elevados en el segundo y tercer trimestre del año y la humedad relativa del caribe tuvo efecto significativo en el volumen testicular (r=-0.23) y anormalidades espermáticas (r=0.29). Se concluye que los ovinos Santa Inés, Dorper, Katahdin y OPC presentan características satisfactorias y viables para su reproducción en el Caribe Colombiano

    Diversidad genética y estructura poblacional en ovinos de pelo de la Región Caribe colombiana

    Get PDF
    The sheep populations of the Colombian Caribbean Region are characterized by having a high phenotypic heterogeneity mainly due to the use of Creole animals in crossbreeding with exotic breeds. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity and the population structure of sheep in this region. In total, 459 sheep from 26 farms in 19 municipalities were selected. The DNA samples were genotyped with the ovine low-density chip (15K). Analyses of molecular variance, genetic diversity and population structure were performed. At the phenotypic level, 65.8% of the sampled animals were assigned to the Criollo population, while 15.7% showed signs of introgression with other commercial breeds (mestizos). The populations presented a high degree of genetic diversity within individuals (90.6%) and low levels of genetic variation between populations (FST = 0.075). This low differentiation, together with the low levels of genetic variation between populations, could be attributed to a lack of selection pressure and the existence of gene flow (crossbreeding) between populations.Las poblaciones ovinas de la Región Caribe colombiana se caracterizan por tener una alta heterogeneidad fenotípica debido principalmente al uso de animales criollos en cruzamiento con razas exóticas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la diver-sidad genética y la estructura poblacional de ovinos de esta región. Se seleccionaron 459 animales ovinos de 26 granjas de 19 municipios. Las muestras de ADN fueron genotipadas con el chip ovino de baja densidad (15K). Se realizaron análisis de varianza molecular, diversidad genética y estructura poblacional. A nivel fenotípico, se asignó el 65.8% de los animales muestreados a la población Criollo mientras que 15.7% presentaron señales de introgresión con otras razas comerciales (mestizos). Las poblaciones presentaron un alto grado de diversidad genética dentro de los individuos (90.6%) y bajos niveles de variación genética entre poblaciones (FST = 0.075). Esta baja diferenciación, junto con los bajos niveles de variación genética entre poblaciones podría atribuirse a una falta de presión de selección y a la existencia de un flujo genético (mestizaje) entre las poblaciones

    Efeito dos antioxidantes ácido ascórbico e ditiotreitol, ou do inibidor de caspase-3 durante a criopreservação de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro

    No full text
    Experiments described in this study were performed with the overall objective to evaluate whether the addition of antioxidants ascorbic acid (AA) and dithiothreitol (DTT), or inhibitor of caspase-3 (z-DEVD-fmk) during cryopreservation could improve the cryotolerance of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Five experiments were performed and represented as follows: experiment 1, 2 and 3 in Chapter 2 and experiment 4 and 5 in Chapter 3. For all experiments, cumulus oocyte complexes were obtained from ovaries of slaughterhouse cows. Oocytes were in vitro matured, fertilized and cultured to day 7. Blastocysts and expanded blastocysts were randomly assigned to be subjected to controlled-rate freezing following equilibration for 10 min in freezing medium (Hepes-TALP plus 1.5 M ethylene glycol and 0.1 M Sucrose) with treatments as described below. For experiment 1, the embryos were equilibrated in freezing medium containing 0.0; 0.1; 0.3 or 0.5 mM of AA. The embryos into straws were then placed into programmable freezing machine at -6.0 °C to -32 °C prior to being plunged into liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Then, embryos were thawed and cultured for 72 h in SOF-BE1 supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum at 38.5 oC in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2. Embryos treated with 0.1 mM AA showed higher re-expansion at 24, 48 and 72 h and hatching rates at 72 h compared to control embryos (P0.05). However, 0.1 mM AA reduced (P0.05) of treatment with DTT or z-DEVD- fmk on re-expansion or hatching rates at 24, 48 or 72 h post-thaw. This is the first report that used AA and DTT antioxidants or z-DEVD-fmk a specific inhibitor of the apoptosis in the cryopreservation medium of in vitro produced bovine embryos. In conclusion, addition of AA (0.1 mM) in slow-freezing medium improves the cryosurvival of in vitro produced bovine embryos, reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and DNA fragmentation. DTT and z-DEVD-fmk treatments had no effect on post-thaw embryo survival.Os experimentos descritos no presente trabalho foram realizados com o objetivo geral de avaliar se a adição dos antioxidantes ácido ascórbico (AA) e ditiotreitol (DTT), ou o inibidor da caspase-3 (z-DEVD-fmk), durante a criopreservação podem melhorar o criotolerância de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro. Foram realizados cinco experimentos representados assim: experimento 1, 2 e 3 no capitulo 1 e, experimento 4 e 5 no capitulo 2. Para todos os experimentos, os complexos cumulus- oócitos foram obtidos a partir de ovários de vacas de abatedouros. Os oócitos foram maturados, fertilizados e cultivados in vitro até o dia 7. Blastocistos e blastocistos expandidos foram aleatoriamente submetidos ao congelamento com taxa controlada seguindo o equilíbrio de 10 min em meio de congelamento (Hepes-TALP acrescido de 1,5 M de etilenoglicol e 0,1 M de sacarose) com os tratamentos tal como descrito abaixo. No experimento 1, os embriões foram equilibrados no meio de congelamento contendo 0,0; 0,1; 0,3 ou 0,5 mM de AA. Os embriões em palhetas foram então colocados numa máquina de congelamento programável em -6,0 °C a -32 °C antes de ser mergulhado em nitrogênio líquido (-196 °C). Em seguida, os embriões foram descongelados e cultivados durante 72 h em meio SOF-BE1 suplementado com 10% (v/v) de soro fetal bovino a 38,5 °C numa atmosfera umidificada de 5% de CO 2, 5% O2 e 90% N2. Os embriões tratados com 0,1 mM de AA apresentaram maiores taxa de re-expansão às 24, 48 e 72 h e na taxa de eclosão às 72 h em comparação com os embriões do controle (P0,05). Contudo, o AA 0,1 mM reduziu (P0,05) do tratamento com DTT ou z-DEVD-fmk nas taxas de re-expansão e eclosão às 24, 48 ou 72 h pós- descongelamento. Este é o primeiro trabalho que utiliza os antioxidantes AA e DTT ou o inibidor específico da apoptose z-DEVD-fmk no meio de criopreservação de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro. Em conclusão, a adição de AA (0,1 mM) no meio de congelamento lento melhora a crio-sobrevivência de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro, reduz as concentrações intracelulares de espécies reativas de oxigénio e a fragmentação do DNA. Os tratamentos DTT e z-DEVD-fmk não apresentaram nenhum efeito sobre a sobrevivência dos embriões pós- descongelamento.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

    Cooling effects and association of penetrant, non-penetrant cryoprotectors and ascorbic acid on the quality of vitrified bovine preantral follicles

    No full text
    O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do resfriamento e da associação de crioprotetores penetrantes e não penetrante acrescido de ácido ascórbico na qualidade de folículos pré-antrais (FOPAs) bovinos vitrificados. Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos. No experimento I, foi estudada a morfologia dos FOPAs após resfriamento seguido de vitrificação. Ovários (n=10) foram coletados de cinco novilhas mestiças de 14 a 16 meses de idade. No laboratório, 22 fragmentos ovarianos foram retirados da região cortical, os quais foram distribuídos: dois para controle fresco (zero hora), sendo imediatamente fixados para análise histológica, e 20 fragmentos resfriados à 4 ºC por quatro e 24 horas em meio TCM-199+HEPES e antibióticos. Dos 20 fragmentos resfriados, quatro foram fixados como controle 4 e 24 horas (dois fragmentos cada) e os 16 restantes foram distribuídos em quatro tratamentos de vitrificação para cada tempo de resfriamento, respectivamente: Tratamentos V4a e V24a: TCM-199 + Etilenoglicol (EG) 1,5M + Dimetilsulfoxido (DMSO) 1,5M; Tratamentos V4b e V24b: TCM-199 + DMSO 1,5M + EG 1,5M + sacarose (SAC) 0,5M; Tratamentos V4c e V24c: TCM-199 + DMSO 1,5M + EG 1,5M + Ácido Ascórbico (AA) 0,1 mM/L e tratamentos V4d e V24d: TCM-199 + DMSO 1,5M + EG 1,5M + SAC 0,5M + AA 0,1mM/L. Após a vitrificação, os fragmentos permaneceram armazenados em Nitrogênio Líquido por três dias, e posteriormente aquecidos em soluções decrescentes de SAC e fixados para histologia clássica. No experimento II, foi estudada a viabilidade dos FOPAs após resfriamento seguido de vitrificação pela coloração Azul de Trypan (AT). Ovários bovinos (n=10) foram coletados, fragmentados e distribuídos nos quatros tratamentos conforme descrito no experimento I, os quais foram posteriormente submetidos ao isolamento folicular mecânico para análise da viabilidade. A variável morfologia foi avaliada pelo Teste SNK e a viabilidade foi analisada pelo teste Qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5%, ou pelo Teste Exato de Fisher quando o número de repetições foi menor que 30 folículos. Não houve diferença na percentagem de folículos morfologicamente normais entre o grupo controle fresco e o grupo controle 4 h (99,3% e 96,0% respectivamente; P>0,05). Entretanto, houve redução da integridade morfológica dos FOPAs após 24 h de resfriamento (controle 24 h: 86%; P 0.05). Este mesmo tratamento (V4c) mostrou maior capacidade de preservação em relação aos demais tratamentos de vitrificação (P0.05), nevertheless, there was reduction of FOPAs morphological integrity of control cooled for 24 h (86%; P<0.05). After vitrification, there was reduction (P<0.05) of normal morphology in all treatments when compared with cooled control groups. On the other hand, the viability analysis showed that V4c treatment were not significantly different when compared with control 24h treatment and, together V24c treatment, showed higher capacity of morphological preservation of FOPAs than other treatments (P<0.05), indicating that AA can reduce the toxic and osmotic damages caused by cryopreservation procedure. In conclusion, FOPAs included in the ovarian bovine tissue conserve the morphology efficiently when cooled to 4 °C for 4 hours in TCM-199 + HEPES + Antibiotics and, the association of permeable cryoprotectants DMSO and EG with the antioxidant AA improves survival rates and maintain the morphologic integrity during the vitrification

    Evalaucion Análisis de pérdidas económicas por enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

    No full text
    The objective of this work was to analyze the economic losses due to diseases in the buffalo production system in the department of Córdoba in Colombia. It was based on the information generated in the baseline, but with a treatment with greater specificity in the subject of diseases. The information originated from two sources: A survey on producers applied to 30 producers and a participatory workshop, using the multiple criteria analysis method through a consensus with producers. The data were organized in flat files, descriptive statistics and percentage calculations were calculated within the different categories of animals as well as the variables: production and mortality rates, decreased production due to disease. The results show that diseases related to hemoparasites and endoparasites incur a greater number of products for treatment, in the case of symptomatic charcoal, only preventive treatment consisting of the vaccine is done. In this context, it is concluded that the largest component of the cost is for medicines with 68% of the calculated total, followed by calf losses with 11% and finally meat production with 6%. In total the losses were estimated at 30235048 COP pesos.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las pérdidas económicas por efecto de las enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia). Se partió de la información generada en la línea de base, pero con un tratamiento con mayor especificidad en el tema de enfermedades. La información se originó de dos fuentes: una encuesta aplicada a 30 productores y un taller participativo, el método análisis correspondió al de criterios múltiples a través de un consenso con productores. Los datos se organizaron en archivos planos, se calcularon las estadísticas descriptivas y cálculos porcentuales dentro de las diferentes categorías de animales, como de las variables: producción y   tasas de mortalidad, disminución de producción por causa de enfermedades. Los resultados mostraron que las enfermedades relacionadas con hemoparásitos y endoparásitos incurren en mayor número de productos para el tratamiento; en el caso del carbón sintomático solo se hace tratamiento preventivo que consiste en la vacuna.  Se concluye que el componente mayor del costo es por concepto de medicamentos con un 68% del total calculado, seguido por las pérdidas bucerros con un 11% y por último, la producción de carne con un 6%. En total las pérdidas se estimaron en 30235048 Pesos COP. Nuevas estrategias de manejo sanitario deben ser implementadas para reducir el gasto generado por las enfermedades en búfalos

    Evalaucion Análisis de pérdidas económicas por enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

    No full text
    The objective of this work was to analyze the economic losses due to diseases in the buffalo production system in the department of Córdoba in Colombia. It was based on the information generated in the baseline, but with a treatment with greater specificity in the subject of diseases. The information originated from two sources: A survey on producers applied to 30 producers and a participatory workshop, using the multiple criteria analysis method through a consensus with producers. The data were organized in flat files, descriptive statistics and percentage calculations were calculated within the different categories of animals as well as the variables: production and mortality rates, decreased production due to disease. The results show that diseases related to hemoparasites and endoparasites incur a greater number of products for treatment, in the case of symptomatic charcoal, only preventive treatment consisting of the vaccine is done. In this context, it is concluded that the largest component of the cost is for medicines with 68% of the calculated total, followed by calf losses with 11% and finally meat production with 6%. In total the losses were estimated at 30235048 COP pesos.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las pérdidas económicas por efecto de las enfermedades en el sistema de producción de búfalos en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia). Se partió de la información generada en la línea de base, pero con un tratamiento con mayor especificidad en el tema de enfermedades. La información se originó de dos fuentes: una encuesta aplicada a 30 productores y un taller participativo, el método análisis correspondió al de criterios múltiples a través de un consenso con productores. Los datos se organizaron en archivos planos, se calcularon las estadísticas descriptivas y cálculos porcentuales dentro de las diferentes categorías de animales, como de las variables: producción y &nbsp;&nbsp;tasas de mortalidad, disminución de producción por causa de enfermedades. Los resultados mostraron que las enfermedades relacionadas con hemoparásitos y endoparásitos incurren en mayor número de productos para el tratamiento; en el caso del carbón sintomático solo se hace tratamiento preventivo que consiste en la vacuna.&nbsp; Se concluye que el componente mayor del costo es por concepto de medicamentos con un 68% del total calculado, seguido por las pérdidas bucerros con un 11% y por último, la producción de carne con un 6%. En total las pérdidas se estimaron en 30235048 Pesos COP. Nuevas estrategias de manejo sanitario deben ser implementadas para reducir el gasto generado por las enfermedades en búfalos

    Influence of corpus luteum and ovarian volume on the number and quality of bovine oocytes

    Get PDF
    In order to evaluate whether ovarian volume, presence and diameter of the corpus luteum (CL) have effects on the number and quality of bovine recovered oocytes, 110 ovaries were obtained from the slaughterhouse. Cumulus oocytes complex were aspirated and evaluated under stereomicroscope. Oocytes were counted and classified according to their quality (Grades I, II, III and IV). Ovarian volume was weakly correlated to the number of good quality oocytes (P < 0.05). Ovaries with CL showed greater numbers of good quality oocytes than ovaries without CL (P < 0.05). Further, presence of CL and its diameter positively influenced the probability of recovering good quality oocytes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ovarian volume is not a good parameter itself to predict important ovarian characteristics; moreover, analysis of CL, its presence and diameter, may be a good tool to improve efficiency on in vitro embryo production programs

    Association of Vitamin E with Rapid Thawing on Goat Semen

    No full text
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin E associated with rapid thawing on cryopreserved goat semen. Two bucks were used and eight ejaculates per animal were collected using artificial vagina. Semen was diluted with the following treatments: BIOXCELL (control), BIOXCELL + Equex (sodium lauryl sulphate) and BIOXCELL + vitamin E 100 μM. Semen was packaged into 0.25 mL straws and cooled at 5°C for 1 hour. Freezing was performed in liquid nitrogen vapor (−155°C) during 15 minutes. Then, the straws were immersed in liquid nitrogen (−196°C). Straws were thawed at 38°C/60 seconds or at 60°C/7 seconds with immediate sperm analysis. Hypoosmotic swelling test was performed adding a 20 μL aliquot of thawed semen to 1 mL of hypoosmotic solution (100 mOsm·Kg−1) followed by incubation during 60 minutes in water bath (38°C). Vitamin E did not affect any studied parameters (P>0.05). Nevertheless, defrosting rate of 60°C/7 seconds improved sperm membrane functional integrity (P<0.05). Current knowledge about goat semen cryopreservation is not sufficient to ensure high post-thawing recovery rates; thus, this study brings important data about using antioxidants and different thawing rates on cryopreservation process
    corecore