Сравнительный анализ геофизических особенностей карбонатных коллекторов на месторождениях Лено-Тунгусской и Тимано-Печорской нефтегазоносных провинций.

Объектом исследования являются Месторождения Лено-Тунгусской и Тимано-Печорской нефтегазаносных провинций. Целью работы являлось выявление общего и отличного в геолого-геофизических результатах исследования сравниваемых месторождений с карбонатными коллекторами – Юрубчено-Тохомского и Печерского. В процессе исследования проводился сравнительный анализ по всей имеющейся геологогеофизической информации включающий в себя: сравнение условий проведения ГИС, комплексов использованных методов, особенностей интерпретации, и лабораторных исследований. В результате исследования выявили общее и отличное в геолого-геофизических результатах исследования сравниваемых месторождений, что позволит использовать полученные знания с целью повышения эффективности разработки новых месторождений с карбонатным тиObjects of research are oil fields of Leno-Tungus region, Timan-Pechora Basin. Aim of research is identify what same, and different between geologic-geophysical researches results of objects fields. During the research comparative analysis of all geologic-geophysical data was performed. It included comparison of logging conditions, methods of logging, interpretation specialties and laboratory researches. The research found what is same and different between geologic-geophysical researches results of objects fields, that allows using this knowledge to improve producing processes for carbonates oilfields. The degree of implementation and application: results of this diploma supposed to use for geological exploration of carbonite reservoir oil fields. Economic importance of the work is apply

A discussion of syndromic molecular testing for clinical care

Current molecular detection methods for single or multiplex pathogens by real-time PCR generally offer great sensitivity and specificity. However, many infectious pathogens often result in very similar clinical presentations, complicating the test-order for physicians who have to narrow down the causative agent prior to in-house PCR testing. As a consequence, the intuitive response is to start empirical therapy to treat a broad spectrum of possible pathogens. Syndromic molecular testing has been increasingly integrated into routine clinical care, either to provide diagnostic, epidemiological or patient management information. These multiplex panels can be used to screen for predefined infectious disease pathogens simultaneously within a 1 h timeframe, creating opportunities for rapid diagnostics. Conversely, syndromic panels have their own challenges and must be adaptable to the evolving demands of the clinical setting. Firstly, questions have been raised regarding the clinical relevance of some of the targets included in the panels and secondly, there is the added expense of integration into the clinical laboratory. Here, we aim to discuss some of the factors that should be considered before performing syndromic testing rather than traditional low-plex in-house PCR

Genomic characterization of coxsackievirus A22 from a regional university hospital in the Netherlands

Background: Enteroviruses are highly diverse with a wide spectrum of genotypes and clinical manifestations. Coxsackievirus A22 (CVA22) has been detected globally from sewage surveillance; however, currently there is limited information on its prevalence in patients, as well as available genomic data. Objective: We aimed to provide genomic and relative frequency data on CVA22 from a regional hospital perspective between 2013-2020. Study design: Sanger sequencing was performed on all samples with a positive enterovirus RT-qPCR result ( 3 weeks). Furthermore, we report the first two near-complete CVA22 sequences from Europe, which grouped with a strain previously isolated from Bangladesh in 1999. Conclusions: We show a highly diverse enterovirus genotype which causes infections annually, typically in autumn and winter, and is capable of recurrent infection in an immunocompromised patient. Furthermore, we highlight the use of NGS to complement conventional targeted Sanger sequencing

Changes in enterovirus epidemiology after easing of lockdown measures

INTRODUCTION: Public health measures aimed at controlling transmission of SARS-CoV-2, otherwise known as "lockdown" measures, had profound effects on circulation of non-SARS viruses, many of which decreased to very low levels. The interrupted transmission of these viruses may have lasting effects. Some of the influenza clades seem to have disappeared during this period, a phenomenon which is described as a "funnel effect". It is currently unknown if the lockdown measures had any effect on the diversity of circulating viruses, other than influenza. Enteroviruses are especially interesting in this context, as the clinical presentation of an infection with a particular enterovirus-type may be clade-dependent.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Enteroviruses were detected in clinical materials using a 5'UTR-based detection PCR, and partial VP-1 sequences were obtained, using methods described before. All samples with EV detections from a large part of the Netherlands were included in the study. The samples originated from general practitioners, general hospitals, university hospitals and public health offices.RESULTS: Five EV-genotypes circulated in significant numbers before and after the lockdown, EV-D68, E-11, CV-A6, CV-B5 and CV-A2. All five genotypes showed decreased genetic diversity after the lockdown, and four indicate a significant number of sequences clustering together with a very high sequence homology. Moreover, children with E-11 and CV-B5 detections were significantly older after the lockdown than before.CONCLUSIONS: The reduced enterovirus transmission in the Netherlands during the pandemic, seems to have led to a decrease in genetic diversity in the five most commonly detected enterovirus serotypes.</p

Assessment of Viral Targeted Sequence Capture Using Nanopore Sequencing Directly from Clinical Samples

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SMg) enables the simultaneous detection and characterization of viruses in human, animal and environmental samples. However, lack of sensitivity still poses a challenge and may lead to poor detection and data acquisition for detailed analysis. To improve sensitivity, we assessed a broad scope targeted sequence capture (TSC) panel (ViroCap) in both human and animal samples. Moreover, we adjusted TSC for the Oxford Nanopore MinION and compared the performance to an SMg approach. TSC on the Illumina NextSeq served as the gold standard. Overall, TSC increased the viral read count significantly in challenging human samples, with the highest genome coverage achieved using the TSC on the MinION. TSC also improved the genome coverage and sequencing depth in clinically relevant viruses in the animal samples, such as influenza A virus. However, SMg was shown to be adequate for characterizing a highly diverse animal virome. TSC on the MinION was comparable to the NextSeq and can provide a valuable alternative, offering longer reads, portability and lower initial cost. Developing new viral enrichment approaches to detect and characterize significant human and animal viruses is essential for the One Health Initiative

Contrast medium-induced nephropathy. Aspects on incidence, consequences, risk factors and prevention

Contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a well-known complication of radiological examinations employing iodine contrast media (I-CM). The rapid development and frequent use of coronary interventions and multi-channel detector computed tomography with concomitant administration of relatively large doses of I-CM has contributed to an increasing number of CIN cases during the last few years. Reduced renal function, especially when caused by diabetic nephropathy or renal arteriosclerosis, in combination with dehydration, congestive heart failure, hypotension, and administration of nephrotoxic drugs are risk factors for the development of CIN. When CM-based examinations cannot be replaced by other techniques in patients at risk of CIN, focus should be directed towards analysis of number and type of risk factors, adequate estimation of GFR, institution of proper preventive measures including hydration and post-procedural observation combined with surveillance of serum creatinine for 1-3 days. For the radiologist, there are several steps to consider in order to minimise the risk for CIN: use of “low-“ or “iso-osmolar” I-CM and dosing the I-CM in relation to GFR and body weight being the most important as well as utilizing radiographic techniques to keep the I-CM dose in gram iodine as low as possible below the numerical value of estimated GFR. There is as yet no pharmacological prevention that has been proven to be effective

Clinical and Functional Characterization of URAT1 Variants

Idiopathic renal hypouricaemia is an inherited form of hypouricaemia, associated with abnormal renal handling of uric acid. There is excessive urinary wasting of uric acid resulting in hypouricaemia. Patients may be asymptomatic, but the persistent urinary abnormalities may manifest as renal stone disease, and hypouricaemia may manifest as exercise induced acute kidney injury. Here we have identified Macedonian and British patients with hypouricaemia, who presented with a variety of renal symptoms and signs including renal stone disease, hematuria, pyelonephritis and nephrocalcinosis. We have identified heterozygous missense mutations in SLC22A12 encoding the urate transporter protein URAT1 and correlate these genetic findings with functional characterization. Urate handling was determined using uptake experiments in HEK293 cells. This data highlights the importance of the URAT1 renal urate transporter in determining serum urate concentrations and the clinical phenotypes, including nephrolithiasis, that should prompt the clinician to suspect an inherited form of renal hypouricaemia

Micromechanical Properties of Injection-Molded Starch–Wood Particle Composites

The micromechanical properties of injection molded starch–wood particle composites were investigated as a function of particle content and humidity conditions. The composite materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. The microhardness of the composites was shown to increase notably with the concentration of the wood particles. In addition,creep behavior under the indenter and temperature dependence were evaluated in terms of the independent contribution of the starch matrix and the wood microparticles to the hardness value. The influence of drying time on the density and weight uptake of the injection-molded composites was highlighted. The results revealed the role of the mechanism of water evaporation, showing that the dependence of water uptake and temperature was greater for the starch–wood composites than for the pure starch sample. Experiments performed during the drying process at 70°C indicated that the wood in the starch composites did not prevent water loss from the samples.Peer reviewe