Some Definability Results in Abstract Kummer Theory

Let $S$ be a semiabelian variety over an algebraically closed field, and let $X$ be an irreducible subvariety not contained in a coset of a proper algebraic subgroup of $S$. We show that the number of irreducible components of $[n]^{-1}(X)$ is bounded uniformly in $n$, and moreover that the bound is uniform in families $X_t$. We prove this by purely Galois-theoretic methods. This proof applies in the more general context of divisible abelian groups of finite Morley rank. In this latter context, we deduce a definability result under the assumption of the Definable Multiplicity Property (DMP). We give sufficient conditions for finite Morley rank groups to have the DMP, and hence give examples where our definability result holds.Comment: 21 pages; minor notational fixe

The role and metabolic functions of the branched-chain amino acids: a review

In recent years, a number of new functions of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) - leucine, valine and isoleucine - have been revealed in various states of the body in animals and humans. BCAA are involved in the regulation of the metabolism of not only proteins, but also lipids and carbohydrates, maintain the health of the mammary glands and intestines, and help in early implantation and development of embryos. BCAA increase protein synthesis and are currently considered as feed additives to improve meat productivity in pigs. New aspects of metabolic and regulatory functions of BCAA include a number of regularities: 1) insufficient or excessive levels of them in the diet enhances lipolysis; 2) BCAA, especially isoleucine, play an important role in glucose utilization by activating glucose transporters in the intestines and muscles; 3) BCAA enhance the development of the intestine, the transport of amino acids and the production of mucin; 4) BCAA are involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the near future, the use of high-performance functional genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics will make it possible to more fully reveal the functions of BCAA in gene expression, protein synthesis, and metabolism regulation

Effect of amino acid level and ratio on whole-body protein turnover in piglets

The addition of lysine, methionine and threonine to the "ideal protein" diet in the low-protein diet contributed to increased protein deposition in the body of piglets due to protein-synthesizing activity. The optimal level and ratio of essential amino acids in low-protein diets provides an increase in the efficiency of the use of amino acids for the synthesis and deposition of proteins in the body of piglets. Based on the results of assessing the metabolism of proteins in the body and their turnover in piglets (♂ Landrace × ♀ Large white) during the period of intensive rearing from 20 to 50 kg of live weight at an average daily gain of 500 g, the following norms for the concentration of nutrients in 1 kg of compound feed are proposed: 12.42 MJ exchange energy; 120.6 g crude protein; 9.10 g lysine; 5.90 g methionine + cystine; 6.09 g threonine at a lysine level of 0.73 g per MJ of metabolizable energy

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ КЛАПАННОЙ БРОНХОБЛОКАЦИИ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ БОЛЬНЫХ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ ЛЕГКИХ С ШИРОКОЙ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬЮ

The objective of the study: to assess efficiency of comprehensive treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis patients with extensive drug resistance using valve bronchial block.Subjects and Methods. Treatment outcomes in 60 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and extensive drug resistance were analyzed, the age of patients varied from 18 to 60 years old. The main group included 30 patients who had valve bronchial block along with treatment by third line drugs, the comparison group included 30 patients who had the same treatment but with no valve bronchial block. Pneumoperitoneum was used in both groups, should there be indications for it. The significance of difference was defined by χ2 test, the difference was considered significant with p < 0.05.Results of the study. When valve bronchial block was used, positive X-ray changes were observed in 22 (73.3%) patients versus 13 (43.3%) patients in the comparison group (p < 0.05), cavities were healed in 9 (30.0%) patients versus 2 (6.7%) (p < 0.05 with Yates' correction), tuberculosis progressed in 1 (3.3%) patient versus 10 (33.3%) in the comparison group (p < 0.01 with Yates' correction). The bacillary excretion persisted in fewer cases: the one confirmed by smear was persistent in 3 (10.0%) patients from the main group versus 9 (30%) from the comparison group (p > 0.05), and the one confirmed by culture – in 5 (16.8%) patients versus 18 (60.0%) respectively (p > 0.01).Цель исследования: оценить эффективность комплексной терапии больных деструктивным туберкулезом легких с широкой лекарственной устойчивостью при применении клапанной бронхоблокации.Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты лечения 60 больных деструктивным туберкулезом легких с широкой лекарственной устойчивостью в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет. Основную группу составили 30 пациентов, у которых в комплексной терапии с использованием препаратов 3-го ряда был применен метод клапанной бронхоблокации, группу сравнения ‒ 30 пациентов, получавших аналогичное лечение без применения клапанной бронхоблокации. В обеих группах при наличии показаний использовали пневмоперитонеум. Достоверность различий в группах определяли с помощью критерия χ2, различия считали достоверными при p < 0,05.Результаты исследования. При использовании клапанной бронхоблокации наблюдали положительную рентгенологическую динамику у 22 (73,3%) больных против 13 (43,3%) в группе сравнения (p < 0,05), закрытие полости распада у 9 (30,0%) пациентов против 2 (6,7%) (p < 0,01 с поправкой Йейтса). Реже сохранялось бактериовыделение: подтвержденное бактериоскопически ‒ у 3 (10,0%) пациентов основной группы против 9 (30,0%) пациентов группы сравнения (p > 0,05) и культуральным методом – у 5 (16,8%) пациентов против 18 (60,0%) соответственно (p < 0,01)

Effects of dietary 20-hydroxyecdysone supplementation on whole-body protein turnover in growing pigs

One of the approaches to creating biologically active additives for use in pig breeding can be the use of 20-hydroxyecdysone regulating protein metabolism in piglets. The purpose of the work is to assess the effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone on turnover of protein in piglets. The experiment was carried out on barrows (♂ Danish Yorkshire × ♀ Danish landrace) to achieve a live weight of 53-62 kg. At the age of 60 days, 2 groups of piglets were formed: control and experimental. Piglets of the experimental group were injected with 20-hydroxyecdysone at a dose of 1.6 mg / kg body weight. In piglets of the experimental group, in comparison with the control, a decrease in the excretion of nitrogen in the urine was noted (by 26.8%, P <0.05). Nitrogen deposition was higher in piglets of the experimental group by 19.0% (P <0.001) compared with the control. 20-hydroxyecdysone contributed to increased protein deposition in the body of piglets due to protein synthesizing activity. Thus, the use of 20-hydroxyecdysone in pigs increases the efficiency of using amino acids for the synthesis and deposition of proteins in the body

EFFICIENCY OF VALVE BRONCHIAL BLOCK WITHIN COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS WITH EXTENSIVE DRUG RESISTANCE

The objective of the study: to assess efficiency of comprehensive treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis patients with extensive drug resistance using valve bronchial block.Subjects and Methods. Treatment outcomes in 60 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and extensive drug resistance were analyzed, the age of patients varied from 18 to 60 years old. The main group included 30 patients who had valve bronchial block along with treatment by third line drugs, the comparison group included 30 patients who had the same treatment but with no valve bronchial block. Pneumoperitoneum was used in both groups, should there be indications for it. The significance of difference was defined by χ2 test, the difference was considered significant with p &lt; 0.05.Results of the study. When valve bronchial block was used, positive X-ray changes were observed in 22 (73.3%) patients versus 13 (43.3%) patients in the comparison group (p &lt; 0.05), cavities were healed in 9 (30.0%) patients versus 2 (6.7%) (p &lt; 0.05 with Yates' correction), tuberculosis progressed in 1 (3.3%) patient versus 10 (33.3%) in the comparison group (p &lt; 0.01 with Yates' correction). The bacillary excretion persisted in fewer cases: the one confirmed by smear was persistent in 3 (10.0%) patients from the main group versus 9 (30%) from the comparison group (p &gt; 0.05), and the one confirmed by culture – in 5 (16.8%) patients versus 18 (60.0%) respectively (p &gt; 0.01)

The role and metabolic functions of the branched-chain amino acids: a review

In recent years, a number of new functions of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) - leucine, valine and isoleucine - have been revealed in various states of the body in animals and humans. BCAA are involved in the regulation of the metabolism of not only proteins, but also lipids and carbohydrates, maintain the health of the mammary glands and intestines, and help in early implantation and development of embryos. BCAA increase protein synthesis and are currently considered as feed additives to improve meat productivity in pigs. New aspects of metabolic and regulatory functions of BCAA include a number of regularities: 1) insufficient or excessive levels of them in the diet enhances lipolysis; 2) BCAA, especially isoleucine, play an important role in glucose utilization by activating glucose transporters in the intestines and muscles; 3) BCAA enhance the development of the intestine, the transport of amino acids and the production of mucin; 4) BCAA are involved in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the near future, the use of high-performance functional genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics will make it possible to more fully reveal the functions of BCAA in gene expression, protein synthesis, and metabolism regulation

Effect of amino acid level and ratio on whole-body protein turnover in piglets

The addition of lysine, methionine and threonine to the "ideal protein" diet in the low-protein diet contributed to increased protein deposition in the body of piglets due to protein-synthesizing activity. The optimal level and ratio of essential amino acids in low-protein diets provides an increase in the efficiency of the use of amino acids for the synthesis and deposition of proteins in the body of piglets. Based on the results of assessing the metabolism of proteins in the body and their turnover in piglets (♂ Landrace × ♀ Large white) during the period of intensive rearing from 20 to 50 kg of live weight at an average daily gain of 500 g, the following norms for the concentration of nutrients in 1 kg of compound feed are proposed: 12.42 MJ exchange energy; 120.6 g crude protein; 9.10 g lysine; 5.90 g methionine + cystine; 6.09 g threonine at a lysine level of 0.73 g per MJ of metabolizable energy