967 research outputs found
Remarks on explicit strong ellipticity conditions for anisotropic or pre-stressed incompressible solids
We present a set of explicit conditions, involving the components of the elastic stiffness tensor, which are necessary and sufficient to ensure the strong ellipticity of an orthorhombic incompressible medium. The derivation is based on the procedure developed by Zee & Sternberg (Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal., 83, 53-90 (1983)) and, consequently, is also applicable to the case of the homogeneously pre-stressed incompressible isotropic solids. This allows us to reformulate the results by Zee & Sternberg in terms of components of the incremental stiffness tensor. In addition, the resulting conditions are specialized to higher symmetry classes and compared with strong ellipticity conditions for plane strain, commonly used in the literature.The first author’s work and the second author’s visit to Brunel University were partly supported by
Brunel University’s ‘BRIEF’ award scheme
Women Pursuing Nontraditional Careers : A Social Cognitive Career Theory Perspective
Women pursuing nontraditional careers face many obstacles and constraints that can limit or impede their career development. Those who wish to participate in trades and construction occupations must often overcome the absence of meaningful learning experiences and role models, weak self-efficacy beliefs, uncertain outcome expectations along with cultural and institutional barriers. Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994) provides a theoretical framework to study the career development of these women. The learning experiences, self-efficacy beliefs, and outcome expectations of 73 women with expressed Realistic interests were examined to further illuminate their career interest development. Results of this study demonstrated that some of the propositions suggested by SCCT (1994), particularly the positive and significant relations between learning experiences and interests, self-efficacy and interests, and, outcome expectations and interests, were supported for this sample of women. Recommendations for career counseling practice and research are offere
Crafting A Human Resource Strategy To Foster Organizational Agility: A Case Study
A decade ago, the CEO of Albert Einstein Healthcare Network (AEHN), anticipating a tumultuous and largely unpredictable period in its industry, undertook to convert this organization from one that was basically stable and complacent to one that was agile, “nimble, and change-hardy”. This case study briefly addresses AEHN’s approaches to business strategy and organization design, but focuses primarily on the human resource strategy that emerged over time to foster the successful attainment of organizational agility. Although exploratory, the study suggests a number of lessons for those who are, or will be, studying or trying to create and sustain this promising new organizational paradigm
A systematic review of local vulnerability to climate change: in search of transparency, coherence and comparability
Because vulnerability is a conceptual construct rather than a directly observable phenomenon,
most vulnerability assessments measure a set of “vulnerability indicators”. In order to identify
the core approaches and range of variation in the field, we conducted a systematic literature
review on local vulnerability to climate change. The systematic review entailed an
identification of frameworks, concepts, and operationalizations and a transparency assessment
of their reporting. Three fully defined relevant frameworks of vulnerability were identified:
IPCC, Patterns of Smallholder Vulnerability and Vulnerability as Expected Poverty.
Comparative analysis found substantial heterogeneity in frameworks, concepts and
operationalizations, making it impossible to identify patterns of climate vulnerability
indicators and determinants that have robust empirical support. If research measuring farmers’
vulnerability to climate change is to have any comparability, it needs greater conceptual
coherence and empirical validity. We recommend a systematic program of testing and
validating vulnerability measures before institutionalizing them in programmatic contexts
Bayes Optimal Informer Sets for Early-Stage Drug Discovery
An important experimental design problem in early-stage drug discovery is how
to prioritize available compounds for testing when very little is known about
the target protein. Informer based ranking (IBR) methods address the
prioritization problem when the compounds have provided bioactivity data on
other potentially relevant targets. An IBR method selects an informer set of
compounds, and then prioritizes the remaining compounds on the basis of new
bioactivity experiments performed with the informer set on the target. We
formalize the problem as a two-stage decision problem and introduce the Bayes
Optimal Informer SEt (BOISE) method for its solution. BOISE leverages a
flexible model of the initial bioactivity data, a relevant loss function, and
effective computational schemes to resolve the two-step design problem. We
evaluate BOISE and compare it to other IBR strategies in two retrospective
studies, one on protein-kinase inhibition and the other on anti-cancer drug
sensitivity. In both empirical settings BOISE exhibits better predictive
performance than available methods. It also behaves well with missing data,
where methods that use matrix completion show worse predictive performance. We
provide an R implementation of BOISE at
https://github.com/wiscstatman/esdd/BOISEComment: 18 pages, 6 figure
Rapid calibration of seven-hole probes
This paper summarizes the major conclusions and some of the key supporting analyses resulting from the calibration and application of two small seven hole probes at NASA Lewis Research Center. These probes can produce reasonably accurate and rapid surveys of unknown steady flow fields which may include flow angles up to 70 degrees and Mach numbers up to 0.8. The probes were calibrated with both 'complete' and 'reduced' test matrices. Both types of test matrices produced similar results suggesting the the reduced matrices are adequate for most purposes. The average accuracy fo the calibration was about the same as that achieved in previous seven hole probe calibrations. At the higher Mach numbers, the calibration was sensitive to the diameter of the free jet in the calibration facility. Over a narrow angular range at the higher Mach numbers, the system had serious repeatability problems. This lack or repeatability apparently results from aliasing of high frequency (20 to 40 Hz) noise with the data acquisition system sampling frequency of 10 Hz. Analyses show that these noise frequencies are probably not related to airflow dynamics in the connecting tubing
Combinatorial Trigonometry with Chebyshev Polynomials
We provide a combinatorial proof of the trigonometric identity cos(nθ) = Tncos(θ),where Tn is the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind. We also provide combinatorial proofs of other trigonometric identities, including those involving Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind
Poisson-Bracket Approach to the Dynamics of Nematic Liquid Crystals. The Role of Spin Angular Momentum
Nematic liquid crystals are well modeled as a fluid of rigid rods. Starting
from this model, we use a Poisson-bracket formalism to derive the equations
governing the dynamics of nematic liquid crystals. We treat the spin angular
momentum density arising from the rotation of constituent molecules about their
centers of mass as an independent field and derive equations for it, the mass
density, the momentum density, and the nematic director. Our equations reduce
to the original Leslie-Ericksen equations, including the inertial director term
that is neglected in the hydrodynamic limit, only when the moment of inertia
for angular momentum parallel to the director vanishes and when a dissipative
coefficient favoring locking of the angular frequencies of director rotation
and spin angular momentum diverges. Our equations reduce to the equations of
nematohydrodynamics in the hydrodynamic limit but with dissipative coefficients
that depend on the coefficient that must diverge to produce the Leslie-Ericksen
equations.Comment: 10 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. E 72(5
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