2,083 research outputs found
Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema Induced by Cellulitis Prophylaxis
Penicillin VK and hydroxyzine are typically well-tolerated antipruritic agents that are indicated in the prophylaxis of cellulitis. We herein report a case of a unique rash occurring during penicillin VK and hydroxyzine treatment in combination with the ingestion of cashews.
A 77-year-old male presented with new onset rash. Eleven days after the administration of penicillin VK and hydroxyzine for cellulitis prophylaxis, he developed a symmetric, erythematous, scaling rash on his buttocks and perineal region with associated pruritus and bleeding without fevers, chills, adenopathy, night sweats, or any other symptoms. He was diagnosed with symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) secondary to systemic treatment, an adverse drug reaction that presents as an erythematous rash involving the skin folds. The condition is also known as âbaboon syndrome,â as it predominately affects the buttocks. A good outcome was achieved due to a thorough history and physical, timely diagnosis, and cessation of the offending agents
Design space determination and process optimization of product quality attributes in transient rAAV manufacturing
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Using the RE-AIM framework to evaluate physical activity public health programs in MĂŠxico
Background: Physical activity (PA) public health programming has been widely used in Mexico; however, few studies have documented individual and organizational factors that might be used to evaluate their public health impact. The RE-AIM framework is an evaluation tool that examines individual and organizational factors of public health programs. The purpose of this study was to use the RE-AIM framework to determine the degree to which PA programs in Mexico reported individual and organizational factors and to investigate whether reporting differed by the program's funding source. Methods: Public health programs promoting PA were systematically identified during 2008-2013 and had to have an active program website. Initial searches produced 23 possible programs with 12 meeting inclusion criteria. A coding sheet was developed to capture behavioral, outcome and RE-AIM indicators from program websites. Results: In addition to targeting PA, five (42%) programs also targeted dietary habits and the most commonly reported outcome was change in body composition (58%). Programs reported an average of 11.1 (Âą3.9) RE-AIM indicator items (out of 27 total). On average, 45% reported reach indicators, 34% reported efficacy/effectiveness indicators, 60% reported adoption indicators, 40% reported implementation indicators, and 35% reported maintenance indicators. The proportion of RE-AIM indicators reported did not differ significantly for programs that were government supported (Mâ=â10, SDâ=â3.1) and programs that were partially or wholly privately or corporately supported (Mâ=â12.0, SDâ=â4.4). Conclusion: While reach and adoption of these programs were most commonly reported, there is a need for stronger evaluation of behavioral and health outcomes before the public health impact of these programs can be established. Š 2015 Jauregui et al.; licensee BioMed Central
Parentâchild cultural orientations and child adjustment in Chinese American immigrant families.
Direct and indirect/mediated relations of (a) children's and parents' cultural orientations and (b) parent-child gaps in cultural orientations to children's psychological adjustment were examined in a socioeconomically diverse sample of 258 Chinese American children (age = 6-9 years) from immigrant families. Parents reported on children's and their own Chinese and American orientations in language proficiency, media use, and social relationships. Parents and teachers rated children's externalizing and internalizing problems and social competence. Using structural equation modeling, we found evidence for both the effects of children's and parents' cultural orientations and the effects of parent-child gaps. Specifically, children's American orientations across domains were associated with their better adjustment (especially social competence). These associations were partly mediated by authoritative parenting. Parents' English and Chinese media use were both associated with higher authoritative parenting, which in turn was associated with children's better adjustment. Furthermore, greater gaps in parent-child Chinese proficiency were associated with children's poorer adjustment, and these relations were partly mediated by authoritative parenting. Together, the findings underscore the complex relations between immigrant families' dual orientations to the host and heritage cultures and children's psychological adjustment
Automatic segmentation of multiple cardiovascular structures from cardiac computed tomography angiography images using deep learning.
OBJECTIVES:To develop, demonstrate and evaluate an automated deep learning method for multiple cardiovascular structure segmentation. BACKGROUND:Segmentation of cardiovascular images is resource-intensive. We design an automated deep learning method for the segmentation of multiple structures from Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) images. METHODS:Images from a multicenter registry of patients that underwent clinically-indicated CCTA were used. The proximal ascending and descending aorta (PAA, DA), superior and inferior vena cavae (SVC, IVC), pulmonary artery (PA), coronary sinus (CS), right ventricular wall (RVW) and left atrial wall (LAW) were annotated as ground truth. The U-net-derived deep learning model was trained, validated and tested in a 70:20:10 split. RESULTS:The dataset comprised 206 patients, with 5.130 billion pixels. Mean age was 59.9 Âą 9.4 yrs., and was 42.7% female. An overall median Dice score of 0.820 (0.782, 0.843) was achieved. Median Dice scores for PAA, DA, SVC, IVC, PA, CS, RVW and LAW were 0.969 (0.979, 0.988), 0.953 (0.955, 0.983), 0.937 (0.934, 0.965), 0.903 (0.897, 0.948), 0.775 (0.724, 0.925), 0.720 (0.642, 0.809), 0.685 (0.631, 0.761) and 0.625 (0.596, 0.749) respectively. Apart from the CS, there were no significant differences in performance between sexes or age groups. CONCLUSIONS:An automated deep learning model demonstrated segmentation of multiple cardiovascular structures from CCTA images with reasonable overall accuracy when evaluated on a pixel level
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Percent atheroma volume: Optimal variable to report whole-heart atherosclerotic plaque burden with coronary CTA, the PARADIGM study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Different methodologies to report whole-heart atherosclerotic plaque on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) have been utilized. We examined which of the three commonly used plaque burden definitions was least affected by differences in body surface area (BSA) and sex. METHODS:The PARADIGM study includes symptomatic patients with suspected coronary atherosclerosis who underwent serial CCTA >2 years apart. Coronary lumen, vessel, and plaque were quantified from the coronary tree on a 0.5 mm cross-sectional basis by a core-lab, and summed to per-patient. Three quantitative methods of plaque burden were employed: (1) total plaque volume (PV) in mm3, (2) percent atheroma volume (PAV) in % [which equaled: PV/vessel volume * 100%], and (3) normalized total atheroma volume (TAVnorm) in mm3 [which equaled: PV/vessel length * mean population vessel length]. Only data from the baseline CCTA were used. PV, PAV, and TAVnorm were compared between patients in the top quartile of BSA vs the remaining, and between sexes. Associations between vessel volume, BSA, and the three plaque burden methodologies were assessed. RESULTS:The study population comprised 1479 patients (age 60.7 ¹ 9.3 years, 58.4% male) who underwent CCTA. A total of 17,649 coronary artery segments were evaluated with a median of 12 (IQR 11-13) segments per-patient (from a 16-segment coronary tree). Patients with a large BSA (top quartile), compared with the remaining patients, had a larger PV and TAVnorm, but similar PAV. The relation between larger BSA and larger absolute plaque volume (PV and TAVnorm) was mediated by the coronary vessel volume. Independent from the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (ASCVD) score, vessel volume correlated with PV (P < 0.001), and TAVnorm (P = 0.003), but not with PAV (P = 0.201). The three plaque burden methods were equally affected by sex. CONCLUSIONS:PAV was less affected by patient's body surface area then PV and TAVnorm and may be the preferred method to report coronary atherosclerotic burden
The synthesis of a series of adenosine A3 receptor agonists
A series of 1â˛-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-1â˛-deoxy-N-methyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamides that were characterised by 2-dialkylamino-7-methyloxazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-ylmethyl substituents on N6 of interest for screening as selective adenosine A3 receptor agonists, have been synthesised. This work involved the synthesis of 2-dialkylamino-5-aminomethyl-7-methyloxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and analogues that were coupled with the known 1â˛-(6-chloropurin-9-yl)-1â˛-deoxy-N-methyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamide. The oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines were synthesized by regioselective functionalisation of 2,4-dimethylpyridine N-oxides. The regioselectivities of these reactions were found to depend upon the nature of the heterocycle with 2-dimethylamino-5,7-dimethyloxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-N-oxide undergoing regioselective functionalisation at the 7-methyl group on reaction with trifluoroacetic anhydride in contrast to the reaction of 4,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide with acetic anhydride that resulted in functionalisation of the 6-methyl group. To optimise selectivity for the A3 receptor, 5-aminomethyl-7-bromo-2-dimethylamino-4-[(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)methoxy]benzo[d]oxazole was synthesised and coupled with the 1â˛-(6-chloropurin-9-yl)-1â˛-deoxy-N-methyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamide. The products were active as selective adenosine A3 agonists
Robust paths to net greenhouse gas mitigation and negative emissions via advanced biofuels
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Dennis Ojima and Daniel L. Sanchez for their encouragement on this topic. The authors gratefully acknowledge partial support as follows: J.L.F., L.R.L., T.L.R., E.A.H.S., and J.J.S., the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP grant# 2014/26767-9); J.L.F., L.R.L., K.P., and T.L.R., The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, a U.S. Department of Energy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science (grant# DE-AC05-00OR22725); L.R.L., the Sao Paulo Research Foundation, and the Link Foundation; J.L.F. and K.P., USDA/NIFA (grant# 2013-68005-21298 and 2017-67019-26327); T.L.R., USDA/NIFA (grant# 2012-68005-19703); D.S.L. and S.P.L., the Energy Biosciences Institute. Data availability The DayCent model (https://www2.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/daycent/) is freely available upon request. Specification of DayCent model runs and automated model initialization, calibration, scenario simulation, results analysis, and figure generation were implemented in Python 2.7, using the numpy module for data processing and the matplotlib module for figure generation. Analysis code is available in a version-controlled repository (https://github.com/johnlfield/Ecosystem_dynamics). A working copy of the code, all associated DayCent model inputs, and analysis outputs are also available in an online data repository (https://figshare.com/s/4c14ec168bd550db4bad; note this URL is for accessing a private version of the repository, and will eventually be replaced with an updated URL for the public version of the repository, which will only be accessible after the journal-specified embargo date).Peer reviewedPostprintPublisher PD
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Multielectron Redox and Insulator-to-Metal Transition upon Lithium Insertion in the Fast-Charging, Wadsley-Roth Phase PNb 9 O 25
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