İkinci Yabancı Dil Olarak Almanca Eğitiminde Öğrenme Stillerinin Belirlenmesi

DergiPark: 573373tredAraştırmanın amacı, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Edirne il merkezindekiözel bir okulda L3 (Almanca) dersi gören 4., 5. ve 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin (n=111)öğrenme stillerini belirlemektir. Öncelikle L3 öğrenen öğrencilerin L1(Türkçe), L2 (İngilizce) öğrenme stilleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada,öğrenme stili kavramı L1, L2 ve L3’de nedir? sorusunun yanıtı aranmıştır. Buaraştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması desenindenyararlanılmıştır. Öğrencilere yönelik çalışmada Aşkar ve Akkoyunlu (1993) tarafındanTürkçeye uyarlanan “Kolb Öğrenme Stilleri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerleayrıca bireysel ve odak grup görüşmeleri yapılıp, öğrenci ürünleri öğrenmestilleri açısından incelenmiştir. Okuldaki, bir Türkçe, bir İngilizce ve birAlmanca öğretmeniyle bireysel görüşmeler de yapılmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilenveriler L1, L2 ve L3’ün birbirlerine olan etki alanları açısından nitel venicel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada öğrencilerin L1, L2 ve L3derslerinde benzer öğrenme stili özellikleri gösterdikleri sonucunaulaşılmıştır

Role of the Mechanical Interdental Plaque Control in the Management of Periodontal Health: How Many Options Do We Have?

Untreated caries and severe periodontal disease are the most frequently encountered reasons for the tooth loss in adult population all over the world, which leads to reduced quality of life. For many years, a plethora of studies revealed the fundamental role of the microorganisms in oral biofilm in the development of caries and periodontal destruction. The primary means of oral biofilm control are through mechanical action. Although toothbrushing removes biofilm from the buccal, oral, and occlusal surfaces, it does not reach efficiently into the interdental areas. Today, several interdental cleaning devices are available over the counter for individual needs. On the other hand, this variety may be confusing for the patients to choose the right device for themselves. Therefore, dental professionals are responsible to guide their patients according to their specific needs with an evidence-based approach. Since direct evidence for the relation of interdental cleaning and periodontal disease prevention is on research, there is still a need for randomized controlled studies on interdental cleaning to increase the strength of evidence. From this standpoint, the aim of this chapter is to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of different interdental cleaning devices regarding in vitro and in vivo aspects together with patient preference and acceptance

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The presence of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) in the environmental counterparts has become an important problem because of their toxicity. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation reactions of the three OPs with hydroxyl radical were investigated by both experimental and quantum chemical methods. Photocatalytic degradation kinetics of the examined organophosphorus compounds were investigated under UV-A irradiation using TiO2 as the photocatalyst. The effects of the initial concentrations on the degradation rate have been examined. There was an observable loss of OPs in the presence of TiO2 photocatalyst under UV-A at 0.2 g TiO2 per 100 mL. The quantum chemical calculations have been carried out by the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31g(d) level. The reaction pathways were modelled to find the most probable mechanism for OPs with the OH radical and to determine the primary intermediates. The rate constants of the eight reaction paths were calculated by the transition state theory. Conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) was used as the solvation model with the intention of understanding the water effect. The theoretical results were in agreement with experimental ones. © 2021 Serbian Chemical Society. All rights reserved.18,164Acknowledgement. The authors of this research has greatfully acknowledgemented to financially support of Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Research Project with the project number of NKUBAP.01.GA.18.164

Probiyotiklerin periodontal tedavideki yeri

Sağlığa faydalı canlı mikroorganizmalar olarak ifade edilen probiyotikler, uzun yıllardır gastrointestinal sistem hastalıklarının tedavisinde başarı ile kullanılmakta ve immün sistemi destekleme ve patojen mikroorganizmaları baskılama etkilerine dayanılarak son yıllarda periodontal sağlık ve tedavi üzerindeki etkinliği araştırmacılara konu olmaktadır. Bu derlemede probiyotiklerin periodontal tedavideki yeri ve etkinliği değerlendirilmiş- tir. Periodontoloji alanında probiyotikler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar henüz başlangıç aşamasındadır. Bununla birlikte periodontal sağlığı geliştirme ve periodontal hastalıkların tedavisi alanlarında cesaret verici sonuçlar elde edilmiş ve bu sonuçlarla daha detaylı ve uzun dönem çalışmaların yapılması ve tedavi protokolleri içine yerleşebilmesi için önemli bir temel oluşturulmuştu

Turkish and European identity constructions in the 1815-1945 period

FEUTURE Online Paper No. 4 This FEUTURE paper focuses on Turkey’s and Europe’s perceptions of each other in identity and cultural terms between two periods: 1789-1922 and 1923-1945. It identifies the identity representations developed by both sides in response to key selected political and cultural drivers of these periods by subjecting the writings of prominent Ottoman bureaucrats and intellectuals in the first period as well as newspaper articles and editorials in Europe and Turkey in both periods to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Identity representations are then discussed in relation to the pre-identified focal issues in the relationship; namely nationalism, status in international society, civilisation and state-citizen relations. The paper finds that there is no linear pattern to identity representations that are constantly contested in both the Turkish and European contexts. Certain positive and negative events trigger identity representations in novel ways, feeding into a set of relations which can be identified by conflict, convergence or cooperation.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 692976. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein

Reproducibility of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosis is good, but influenced by the diagnostic style of pathologists

Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) applies specific diagnostic criteria to designate a monoclonal endometrial preinvasive glandular proliferation known from previous studies to confer a 45-fold increased risk for endometrial cancer. In this international study we estimate accuracy and precision of EIN diagnosis among 20 reviewing pathologists in different practice environments, and with differing levels of experience and training. Sixty-two endometrial biopsies diagnosed as benign, EIN, or adenocarcinoma by consensus of two expert subspecialty pathologists were used as a reference comparison to assess diagnostic accuracy of 20 reviewing pathologists. Interobserver reproducibility among the 20 reviewers provided a measure of diagnostic precision. Before evaluating cases, observers were self-trained by reviewing published textbook and/or online EIN diagnostic guidelines. Demographics of the reviewing pathologists, and their impressions regarding implementation of EIN terminology were recorded. Seventy-nine percent of the 20 reviewing pathologists' diagnoses were exactly concordant with the expert consensus (accuracy). The interobserver weighted kappa values of 3-class EIN scheme (benign, EIN, carcinoma) diagnoses between expert consensus and each of reviewing pathologists averaged 0.72 (reproducibility, or precision). Reviewing pathologists demonstrated one of three diagnostic styles, which varied in the repertoire of diagnoses commonly used, and their nonrandom response to potentially confounding diagnostic features such as endometrial polyp, altered differentiation, background hormonal effects, and technically poor preparations. EIN diagnostic strategies can be learned and implemented from standard teaching materials with a high degree of reproducibility, but is impacted by the personal diagnostic style of each pathologist in responding to potential diagnostic confounders

THE ANALYSIS OF REACTION KINETICS OF AMINOTOLUENE MOLECUL THROUGH CALCULATIONAL METHODS

Bu çalışmada aminotoluen(o-toluidin) molekülünün OH radikali ile olası reaksiyon yolları teorik olarak incelenmiştir. Optimize geometrileri Gauss View 5 ile çizilmiştir.Daha sonra, Gaussian 09 programı ile geometrik optimizasyon yapılarak en düşük enerjili halleri bulunmuştur. Geometrik yapı analizi yapılmış ve bağ uzunlukları ile bağ açıları hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki amaç, gaz fazı ve sulu ortam içinde aminotoluen ve OH radikali etkileşiminin ürün dağılımı için en muhtemel yolu belirlemektir. Kuantum mekanik yöntemler reaksiyon hızı üzerinden birincil, hidroksillenmiş ara ürün ve bunun ardından da su çözücü etkisini açıklamak için kullanılmıştır. Aminotoluen degradasyon reaksiyonunda oluşan ara ürünlerin belirlenebilmesi amacı ile, reaktan ve geçiş konumu komplekslerinin geometrik optimizasyonları yarı-ampirik AM1 ve PM3, ab initio Hartree-Fock HF/3-21G, HF/6-31G* ve Fonksiyonel Yoğunluk Teorisi (DFT) yöntemleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kuantum mekaniksel hesaplama sonuçlarına dayanılarak, olası tüm reaksiyon yollarının hız sabitleri (TS) Geçiş Konumu Teorisi’nin kullanımı ile hesaplanmıştır. Reaksiyon geçiş durumları belirlenmesinde C-O bağları referans alınmıştır. Tüm geçiş durumu komplekslerinin olası reaksiyon yolları için aktivasyon enerjileri hesaplanıp gaz fazı ve sulu ortam için termodinamik açıdan en kararlı oldukları durumlar belirlenmiştir. Çözücü suyun etkisi, çözme modeli olarak COSMO kullanılmıştır. COSMO yöntemi, toplam elektrostatik potansiyel yüzeyini belirler. Boşluk yüzeyi üzerinde dağıtılmış belirgin polarizasyonlar vasıtasıyla, çözücü, reaksiyon alanını belirlemektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada tercih edilen bir yöntemdir. Su gibi bir dielektrik ortamın varlığı bu mekanizma için enerjiyi azaltan stabilize edici bir etkiye sahiptir.In this study, the most probable reaction paths of aminotoluene (o-toluidine) molecule with OH radical have been analyzed. The optimized geometry was calculated via Gauss View 5. Subsequently, the lowest energy status was found out through geometric optimization via Gaussian 09 programme. The geometrical structure analysis and bond lengths were also calculated. This study aims to determine the most probable path for the product distribution of aminotoluene and OH radical interaction in gas phase and aqueous media. Quantum mechanical methods were used to indicate the impact of reaction rate over primary intermediate, hydroxylated intermediate, and finally the impact of water solvent. With the aim to determine the intermediates occurring at the reaction of aminotoluene degradation, geometric optimization of the reactant and transition status complexes were realized through semi-empirical AM1 and PM3, ab initio Hartree-Fock HF/3-21G, HF/6-31G* and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. Based on the Quantum Mechanical calculation, all probable rate constants of reaction paths were calculated by using Transition Statue Theory (TS). For the determination of the transition statue of the reaction, C-O bonds were taken as reference. Activation energy for probable reaction paths of all transition status complexes was calculated, and their most stable state from the thermodynamic perspective for the gas phase and aqueous media. The impact of water solvent was investigated by using COSMO as the solvation model. The COSMO method describes the solvent reaction field by means of apparent polarization charges distributed on the cavity surface, which are determined by imposing that the total electrostatic potential cancels out at the surface. This condition can describe the solvation in polar liquids. Hence, it is the method of choice in this study. The presence of a dielectric media such as water has the effect of a stabilizer reducing the energy for this mechanism