Evaluating the origin of vascular structures in ectopic kidneys with multidetector computed tomography

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of the vascular structures in ectopic kidneys with multidetector computed tomography (CT). Methods: The abdominal CT images of 96 cases with 106 ectopic kidneys were retrospectively reviewed. The ectopic kidney location, type of ectopia, and the origins of renal arteries and veins of the ectopic kidneys were evaluated. The origins of the renal arteries and veins were classified as suprarenal aorta/inferior vena cava (IVC), normal origin, infrarenal aorta/IVC, aortic/IVC bifurcation, common iliac artery/vein, iliac bifurcation, internal iliac artery/vein, and external iliac artery/vein. Finally, the ectopic kidneys were classified according to the most common combinations of artery and vein origins. Results: The renal artery originated from the suprarenal aorta in 1 case, normal origin in 13 cases, the infrarenal aorta in 36 cases, aortic bifurcation in 50 cases, the common iliac artery in 17 cases, and the iliac artery bifurcation in 2 cases. The renal vein was of normal origin in 19 cases, originated from the infrarenal IVC in 44 cases, IVC bifurcation in 36 cases, the common iliac vein in 23 cases, the internal iliac vein in 1 case, and the external iliac vein in 1 case. We classified the artery and vein origins of the ectopic kidneys into 7 most common types and other less common types. A significant correlation was found between the level of the ectopic kidneys and the origin of the arteries and veins (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study shows that the majority of ectopic kidneys have various origins of arterial and venous supply. We described the most common vascular origins of ectopic kidneys. Prior knowledge of these vascular variations may have important implications in preventing iatrogenic hemorrhage during surgery of patients with ectopic kidney

Calculation of average M shell fluorescence yields for elements with 29 ≤ Z ≤ 100

Average M shell fluorescence yields (w̄M) and the total M shell x-ray fluorescence (MXRF) cross-sections (σx M) at 6 keV were calculated theoretically for elements with 29 ≤ Z ≤ 100. These calculated values were compared with other experimental and theoretical values. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd

Measurement of radiative vacancy distributions for the L2, L3 subshell and M shell of some elements with atomic range 41 ≤ Z ≤ 68

Radiative transitions K to L2,L3 subshell and M shell were measured using the K X-ray spectrum for 21 elements in the atomic range 41 ≤ Z ≤ 68. The targets were irradiated with γ photons at 59.5 ke V from Am-241 radioisotope source. The theoretical values were calculated using the radiative and nonradiative transition rates of these elements. It was observed that present values agree with previous theoretical results. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Determination of Coster-Kronig transition probabilities (L1 → L2, L1 → L3 and L2 → L3) for Hg and Bi in molecules

The f12, f13 and f23 Coster-Kronig (CK) transitions (that is L1 → L2, L1 → L3 and L2 → L3 transitions) in Hg and Bi in molecules were studied at 59.5 keV excitation energy using an Si(Li) detector. A change in the CK transition probabilities was observed for different molecules. The change in the values for Hg compounds were greater than those for Bi compounds. Because we did not have pure Bi in the laboratory and also were not able to have specimen preparation conditions for pure Hg, we did not obtain experimental values for elemental Bi and Hg. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd

Sarkoptik uyuzlu koyunlarda serum tiyol disülfit seviyeleri

*Çamkerten, İlker ( Aksaray, Yazar ) *Çamkerten, Güzin ( Aksaray, Yazar )Sarcoptic mange, a notable parasitic disease, causes dermatological alterations among ruminants. Thiol-disulphite hemostasis is a novel oxidative stress parameter. The aim of this study was to evaluate dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in sheep with sarcoptic mange. Total of thirty-six sheep (n=15 female, n=21 male) with sarcoptic mange (Group I), and twelve healthy sheep (Group II) were used in the study. A novel method was used to determine the thiol disulphide parameters. Native thiol, total thiol and Disulphide values were statistically lower in Group I. Disulphide/native thiol, Disulphide/total thiol, and Native thiol/ total thiol proportions had no statistical differences in groups. Sarcoptic mange was probably affected by the thiol Disulphide hemostasis in infected sheep. Thus, the data obtained in this study might form base for further studies to include antioxidant molecules in the treatment protocols.Önemli paraziter bir hastalık olan sarkoptik uyuz ruminantlarda dermatolojik lezyonlara neden olmaktadır. Tiyol-disülfit dengesi yeni bir stress oksidatif parametresidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sarkoptik uyuzlu koyunlarda dinamik tiyol/disülfit dengesinin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla sarkoptik uyuzla (grup I) enfekte 36 koyun (n=15 dişi, n=21 erkek) ve 12 sağlıklı koyun (grup II) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Tiyol disülfitin belirlenmesinde yeni bir metot kullanılmıştır. Natif tiyol, total tiyol ve disülfit parametreleri grup I’ de istatistiksel olarak düşük seyrederken disülfit/natif tiyol, disülfit/total tiyol ve natif tiyol/total tiyol oranları arasında gruplarda farklılık elde edilmemiştir. Sarkoptik uyuzun enfekte koyunlarda disülfit dengesini etkilediği düşünülmekte olup bu dengeyi sağlayacak antioksidan moleküllerin terapotik seçeneklere eklenmesi gerektiği öngörülmektedir

Effect of sustained flexural loading on self-healing of engineered cementitious composites

This paper aims to clarify the effects of sustained flexural loading on the self-healing behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC). Prismatic specimens of ECC mixtures with two different levels of Class-F fly ash content were cast. Flexural loading was applied to the specimens at 28 days age to generate severe amount of microcracks. The specimens were then stored under continuous water or air exposures with or without sustained mechanical loading, for up to 90 days. For specimens under sustained mechanical loading, the applied sustained load level was 60% of the ultimate flexural strength. The extent of damage was determined as a percentage of loss in mechanical properties. The influences of different exposure regimes and sustained mechanical loading on mechanical properties of ECC mixtures were investigated. Microstructural changes within the microcracks were also analyzed.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (MAG-112M876

Surgical treatment of peripheral vascular injuries after cardiac catherization Kardiyak kateterizasyon sonrasi gelişen periferik vasküler yaralanmalarda cerrahi tedavi

Objective: Diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac interventions have being performed in expanding numbers during last years. Forty-two cases with peripheral vascular injuries requiring surgical therapy after 64.911 cardiac interventions in our center between 1985 and 2002 were evaluated retrospectively. Methods: Thirty-three of vascular injuries (78.6%) occurred after angiography/catheterization, and the remaining vascular injuries (21.4%) occurred after angioplasty/stent procedures. There were 12 female (28.6%) and 30 male (71.4%). The mean age was 51.3±4.1 years. The localization of the arterial injuries were femoral region in 37 cases (88.1%) and brachial region in 5 cases (11.9%). The complications were recorded as arterial thrombosis in 19 cases, pseudoaneurysm in 14 cases, hematoma in 5 cases, arteriovenous fistula in 2 cases, deformed stent stuck in 2 cases. Arterial injuries were treated by performing embolectomy in 16 cases, embolectomy and saphenous patch plasty in 3 cases, resection of pseudoaneurysm and PTFE patch plasty in 1 case, draining of hematoma and primary repair in 5 cases, primary repair of femoral arteriovenous fistula in 2 cases and removal of the deformed stent from femoral artery in 2 cases. Results: The incidence of vascular complications was significantly higher in brachial interventions when compaired with femoral interventions (p<0.0001). The postoperative morbidity was found as 14.3% in our cases. Conclusion: The early diagnosis and treatment are very important in peripheral vascular complications after cardiac interventions; otherwise, delay can cause loss of related extremity