Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Ovariectomized and Ovariectomized-Diabetic Rats

Menopause and diabetes are conditions producing free radicals independently from each other. Estrogen replacement therapy which widely used in postmenopausal period has beneficial effects because of its antioxidant property. The study groups were as follows: ovariectomy (n=8), ovariectomy+17-östradiol (n=8), ovariectomy+diabetes (n=10) and ovariectomy+diabetes+17-östradiol (n=8). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg i.p.) and the treatment with 17-östradiol (0.1 mg/kg/day) was started a week after ovariectomy. After–week long experimental period aortic and uterine tissues were collected from the animals and the malondialdehyde concentration, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were quantified. The treatment did not effect blood glucose concentrations, but increased plasma estradiol concentrations. Increased malondialdehyde concentrations were reduced by the treatment in aorta from diabetics and nondiabetics, but the treatment increased malondialdehyde concentrations in nondiabetic uterine while were reducing in diabetic uterine. The treatment also reduced the increased activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in aorta from diabetics and nondiabetics, on the other hand the treatment increased the activities of those enzymes in uterine from diabetics and nondiabetics. Our results suggested that estrogen acts as an antioxidant or prooxidant depending on the tissues

A novel index in healthy infants and children — subarachnoid space: ventricle ratio

Background: The subarachnoid space (SAS) and ventricular width (VW) in normalinfants and children were studied with ultrasonography to provide the objectivemeasurement and define a normal range for these measurements. The additional aim was to determine the stable ratio as a SAS/VW.Materials and methods: A total of 100 healthy subjects, including 48 males and52 females, were studied. The cases were divided into 3 age groups: 0–6 months(n = 65), 7–12 months (n = 24) and > 13 months (n = 11). Transfontanel ultrasonography was performed in all the cases. SAS, VW and the SAS/VW ratios were calculated. The study was approved by the ethical committee. All parents wereinformed about the sonographic examination and their approvals were taken.Results: SAS was calculated as 3.1 (0.5–6) mm and VW was calculated as 3.6(1.3–5) mm. SAS/VW ratio was 0.9 ± 0.3. There was no statistically significant difference among SAS, VW and SAS/VW ratios in 3–97 percentile group (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Ultrasonography can be used as a practicable and reproducible modalityin the measurement of SAS and VW in healthy children. It is a non-invasivemethod and allows for serial follow-up. SAS/VW ratio can be used as an index inhealthy children

Ankara İli Ayaş ve Nallıhan İlçelerinde Domates Üretim Alanlarında Zirai Mücadele Uygulamaları

Bu çalışma, Ankara ili Ayaş ve Nallıhan ilçeleri domates ekiliş alanlarında üreticilerin yürütmekte olduğu zirai mücadele çalışmalarının yerinde izlenmesi, uygulama hatalarının belirlenmesi amacı ile 2000 ve 2001 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Gerek yapılan gözlemler, gerekse yapılan anket çalışmaları ile çiftçilerin domates fideliklerinde ve tarla koşullarında karşılaştıkları problemler belirlenmiştir. Yapılan zirai mücadele uygulamalarına rağmen, Ayaş ilçesinde toplam %25.92, Nallıhan ilçesinde ise toplam %27.51 oranında ürün kaybı olduğu, ve bu kayıpların büyük bir çoğunluğunun fide döneminde meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Çiftçilerin hatalı zirai mücadele uygulamaları üzerinde durulmuş olup, bunlara ait çözüm önerilerine yer verilmişti

Determination of periodic deformation from InSAR results using the FFT time series analysis method in Gediz Graben

Permanent Scatterers (PS) point velocities obtained by the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) method are generally determined using the linear regression model, which ignores periodic and seasonal effects. In this study, software was developed that can detect periodic effects by applying fast Fourier transformation (FFT) time series analysis to InSAR results. Using the FFT time series analysis, the periodic components of the surface movements at the PS points were determined, and then the annual velocity values free from periodic effects were obtained. The study area was chosen as the Gediz Graben, a tectonically active region where aseismic surface deformations have been observed in recent years. As a result, using the developed method, seasonal effects were successfully determined with the InSAR method at the PS points in the study area with a period of 384 days and an average amplitude of 19 mm. In addition, groundwater level changes of a water well in the region were modeled, and 0.93 correlation coefficient values were calculated between seasonal InSAR displacement values and water level changes. Thus, using the developed methodology, the relationship between the tectonic movement in the Gediz Graben in Turkey and the seasonal movements and the change in the groundwater level was determined

Product factorability of integral bilinear operators on Banach function spaces

[EN] This paper deals with bilinear operators acting in pairs of Banach function spaces that factor through the pointwise product. We find similar situations in different contexts of the functional analysis, including abstract vector lattices¿orthosymmetric maps, C¿-algebras¿zero product preserving operators, and classical and harmonic analysis¿integral bilinear operators. Bringing together the ideas of these areas, we show new factorization theorems and characterizations by means of norm inequalities. The objective of the paper is to apply these tools to provide new descriptions of some classes of bilinear integral operators, and to obtain integral representations for abstract classes of bilinear maps satisfying certain domination properties.The first author was supported by TUBITAK-The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Grant No. 2211/E. The second author was supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) and FEDER, Grant MTM2016-77054-C2-1-P.Erdogan, E.; Sánchez Pérez, EA.; Gok, O. (2019). Product factorability of integral bilinear operators on Banach function spaces. Positivity. 23(3):671-696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11117-018-0632-zS671696233Abramovich, Y.A., Kitover, A.K.: Inverses of Disjointness Preserving Operators. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2000)Abramovich, Y.A., Wickstead, A.W.: When each continuous operator is regular II. Indag. Math. (N.S.) 8(3), 281–294 (1997)Alaminos, J., Brešar, M., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: Maps preserving zero products. Studia Math. 193(2), 131–159 (2009)Alaminos, J., Brešar, M., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: On bilinear maps determined by rank one idempotents. Linear Algebra Appl. 432, 738–743 (2010)Alaminos, J., Extremera, J., Villena, A.R.: Orthogonality preserving linear maps on group algebras. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 158, 493–504 (2015)Ben Amor, F.: On orthosymmetric bilinear maps. Positivity 14, 123–134 (2010)Astashkin, S.V., Maligranda, L.: Structure of Cesàro function spaces: a survey. Banach Center Publ. 102, 13–40 (2014)Beckenstein, E., Narici, L.: A non-Archimedean Stone–Banach theorem. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 100(2), 242–246 (1987)Bu, Q., Buskes, G., Kusraev, A.G.: Bilinear maps on products of vector lattices: a survey. In: Boulabiar, K., Buskes, G., Triki, A. (eds.) Positivity: Trends in Mathematics, pp. 97–126. Springer, Birkhuser (2007)Buskes, G., van Rooij, A.: Almost f-algebras: commutativity and Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Positivity 4, 227–231 (2000)Buskes, G., van Rooij, A.: Squares of Riesz spaces. Rocky Mt. J. Math. 31(1), 45–56 (2001)Calabuig, J.M., Delgado, O., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Generalized perfect spaces. Indag. Math. (N.S.) 19(3), 359–378 (2008)Calderón, A.P.: Intermediate spaces and interpolation, the complex method. Studia Math. 24, 113–190 (1964)Defant, A.: Variants of the Maurey-Rosenthal theorem for quasi Köthe function spaces. Positivity 5, 153–175 (2001)Delgado Garrido, O., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Strong factorizations between couples of operators on Banach function spaces. J. Convex Anal. 20(3), 599–616 (2013)Diestel, J., Jarchow, H., Tonge, A.: Absolutely Summing Operators, vol. 43. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1995)Erdoğan, E., Calabuig, J.M., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Convolution-continuous bilinear operators acting in Hilbert spaces of integrable functions. Ann. Funct. Anal. 9(2), 166–179 (2018)Diestel, J., Uhl, J.J.: Vector Measures. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1977)Fremlin, D.H.: Tensor products of Archimedean vector lattices. Am. J. Math. 94, 778–798 (1972)Gillespie, T.A.: Factorization in Banach function spaces. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch. Indag. Math. 43(3), 287–300 (1981)Grafakos, L., Li, X.: Uniform bounds for the bilinear Hilbert transforms I. Ann. Math. 159, 889–933 (2004)Kantorovich, K.L., Akilov, G.P.: Functional Analysis, Nauka, Moscow 1977 (Russian). English transl. Pergamon Press, Oxford, Elmsford, New York (1982)Kolwicz, P., Leśnik, K., Maligranda, L.: Pointwise products of some Banach function spaces and factorization. J. Funct. Anal. 266(2), 616–659 (2014)Kolwicz, P., Leśnik, K.: Topological and geometrical structure of Calderón–Lozanovskii construction. Math. Inequal. Appl. 13(1), 175–196 (2010)Kühn, B.: Banachverbände mit ordnungsstetiger dualnorm. Math. Z. 167(3), 271–277 (1979)Lindenstrauss, J., Tzafriri, L.: Classical Banach Spaces II: Function Spaces, vol. 97. Springer, Berlin (1979)Lozanovskii, G.Ya.: On some Banach lattices. Sibirsk. Mat. Zh. 10, 584-599 (1969)(Russian)English transl. in Siberian Math. J. 10(3), 419-431 (1969)Maligranda, L., Persson, L.E.: Generalized duality of some Banach function spaces. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch. Indag. 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Ebeveyn ve öğretmenlerin birlikte hikâye okuma etkinliklerinin incelenmesi

The purpose of the study is to examine the quality of shared reading activities applied to 4-5 year old children both at home and in school. Forty-six teachers and forty-five parents from Denizli, who were chosen by the convenience sampling method, participated voluntarily in this descriptive research study. Structured observation method was used to gather research data. Participant parents and teachers recorded their shared reading activities and “Structured observation form” was used to code video data. In this form, observation items used to code the behaviors of adults and children before, during and after the shared reading activities. As a result, the quality of teachers’ and parents’ shared reading activity was investigated and significant differences were observed. Additionally, the results of study showed that the participation of children when they shared the activity with their parents is less than their participation when they shared the activity with their teachers. © 2015, Ankara University. All rights reserved

Mammary tuberculosis – importance of recognition and differentiation from that of a breast malignancy: report of three cases and review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>While tuberculosis of the breast is an extremely uncommon entity seen in western populations, it accounts for up to 3% of all treatable breast lesions in developing countries.</p> <p>Case presentations</p> <p>We reviewed three female cases of mammary tuberculosis that were diagnosed and treated in Turkey during the same calendar year. All three patients presented with a painful breast mass. In all cases, fine needle aspiration was nondiagnostic for mammary tuberculosis. However, the diagnosis of mammary tuberculosis was confirmed by histopathologic evaluation at the time of open surgical biopsy. All three patients were treated with antituberculous therapy for six months. At the end of the treatment period, each patient appeared to be clinically and radiologically without evidence of residual disease.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The diagnosis of mammary tuberculosis rests on the appropriate clinical suspicion and the histopathologic findings of the breast lesion. Its recognition and differentiation from that of a breast malignancy is absolutely necessary. Antituberculous chemotherapy, initiated immediately upon diagnosis, forms the mainstay of treatment for mammary tuberculosis.</p