Sağım öncesi bekleme süresinin Şam ve Kilis keçi sütlerinin orotik, ürik ve hippürik asit içeriği üzerine etkisi

The organic acids present in milk in varying quantities can reflect the health condition of the animals and the nutritional quality of milk. In rural areas, goats are maintained in pasture during whole day and milking is being started as soon as goats arrive to farm. However, it is not known whether milking during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture or after 1 hour-waiting have any effect on nitrogen-containing organic acids are the body metabolism products. Therefore, in this study we objected to determine the effects of 1 hour-waiting period before milking on orotic, uric and hippuric acids of milks from “Shami (Damascus)” and “Kilis” goat breeds during lactation period. The trial was carried out with 40 goats. The 20 goats from each breed were randomly separated to two groups at equal number. Control and experimental groups of the both breeds were milked during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture and after 1 hour-waiting following feeding, respectively. The milk samples taken with interval 30 days from May to October were used for organic acid analysis at a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. During lactation hippuric acid was the most abundant organic acid, followed by orotic and uric acids. Experimental group of Kilis goats had the highest level of hippuric acid. Orotic acid was higher in Shami goats than that in Kilis breed. Uric acid was the highest in control group of Shami breed. The 1 hour-waiting period before milking resulted in a significant decrease in uric acid. In general, orotic and uric acid decreased towards the end of lactation whereas hippuric acid markedly increased in the last 3 months of lactation. It was concluded that the 1 hour-waiting before milking after returning from pasture may be especially suggested to Shami goat raisers due to the low uric acid content of the milk.Değişen miktarlarda sütte bulunan organik asitler, hayvanın sağlık durumuna ve sütün kalitesine işaret edebilir. Kırsal alanlarda keçiler tüm gün boyunca merada otlatılmakta ve çiftliğe vardıklarında hemen sağıma başlanmaktadır. Ancak, hayvan meradan döner dönmez sağımın ve bir süre bekledikten sonra sağımın, vücut metabolizmasının ürünleri olan azot içeren organik asit içeriği üzerine herhangi bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığı bilinmemektedir. Bundan dolayı çalışmamızda laktasyon boyunca Şam ve Kilis keçi sütlerinde orotik, urik ve hippurik asit içerikleri üzerine sağım öncesi beklemenin etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Deneme 40 keçi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir ırktan 20 keçi rastgele eşit sayıda iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol ve deneme keçileri sırasıyla meradan döndükten hemen sonra yemleme sırasında ve 1 saat bekletmeden sonra sağılmışlardır. Mayıs ayından Ekim ayına kadar 30 gün aralıklarla alınan örnekler ters faz yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisinde organik asitlerin analizi için kullanılmıştır. Laktasyon boyunca hippürik asit en çok bulunan organik asit olmuş, onu orotik ve ürik asitler izlemiştir. Deneme grubundaki Kilis keçileri en yüksek hippürik asit içeriğine sahip olmuşlardır. Şam keçi sütleri Kilis keçi sütlerinden daha fazla orotik asit içermiştir. Sağım öncesi bekletme ürik asit içeriğinde önemli bir azalma sağlamıştır. Genellikle orotik ve ürik asit laktasyon sonuna doğru azalırken hippurik asit laktasyonun son üç ayında önemli bir artış göstermiştir. Sonuçta düşük ürik asit içeriğinden dolayı, keçi yetiştiricilerine özellikle Şam keçileri için meradan döndükten sonra sağım öncesi bekletme uygulaması önerilebilir

Sağım öncesi bekleme süresinin Şam ve Kilis keçi sütlerinin orotik, ürik ve hippürik asit içeriği üzerine etkisi

The organic acids present in milk in varying quantities can reflect the health condition of the animals and the nutritional quality of milk. In rural areas, goats are maintained in pasture during whole day and milking is being started as soon as goats arrive to farm. However, it is not known whether milking during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture or after 1 hour-waiting have any effect on nitrogen-containing organic acids are the body metabolism products. Therefore, in this study we objected to determine the effects of 1 hour-waiting period before milking on orotic, uric and hippuric acids of milks from “Shami (Damascus)” and “Kilis” goat breeds during lactation period. The trial was carried out with 40 goats. The 20 goats from each breed were randomly separated to two groups at equal number. Control and experimental groups of the both breeds were milked during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture and after 1 hour-waiting following feeding, respectively. The milk samples taken with interval 30 days from May to October were used for organic acid analysis at a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. During lactation hippuric acid was the most abundant organic acid, followed by orotic and uric acids. Experimental group of Kilis goats had the highest level of hippuric acid. Orotic acid was higher in Shami goats than that in Kilis breed. Uric acid was the highest in control group of Shami breed. The 1 hour-waiting period before milking resulted in a significant decrease in uric acid. In general, orotic and uric acid decreased towards the end of lactation whereas hippuric acid markedly increased in the last 3 months of lactation. It was concluded that the 1 hour-waiting before milking after returning from pasture may be especially suggested to Shami goat raisers due to the low uric acid content of the milk.Değişen miktarlarda sütte bulunan organik asitler, hayvanın sağlık durumuna ve sütün kalitesine işaret edebilir. Kırsal alanlarda keçiler tüm gün boyunca merada otlatılmakta ve çiftliğe vardıklarında hemen sağıma başlanmaktadır. Ancak, hayvan meradan döner dönmez sağımın ve bir süre bekledikten sonra sağımın, vücut metabolizmasının ürünleri olan azot içeren organik asit içeriği üzerine herhangi bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığı bilinmemektedir. Bundan dolayı çalışmamızda laktasyon boyunca Şam ve Kilis keçi sütlerinde orotik, urik ve hippurik asit içerikleri üzerine sağım öncesi beklemenin etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Deneme 40 keçi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir ırktan 20 keçi rastgele eşit sayıda iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol ve deneme keçileri sırasıyla meradan döndükten hemen sonra yemleme sırasında ve 1 saat bekletmeden sonra sağılmışlardır. Mayıs ayından Ekim ayına kadar 30 gün aralıklarla alınan örnekler ters faz yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisinde organik asitlerin analizi için kullanılmıştır. Laktasyon boyunca hippürik asit en çok bulunan organik asit olmuş, onu orotik ve ürik asitler izlemiştir. Deneme grubundaki Kilis keçileri en yüksek hippürik asit içeriğine sahip olmuşlardır. Şam keçi sütleri Kilis keçi sütlerinden daha fazla orotik asit içermiştir. Sağım öncesi bekletme ürik asit içeriğinde önemli bir azalma sağlamıştır. Genellikle orotik ve ürik asit laktasyon sonuna doğru azalırken hippurik asit laktasyonun son üç ayında önemli bir artış göstermiştir. Sonuçta düşük ürik asit içeriğinden dolayı, keçi yetiştiricilerine özellikle Şam keçileri için meradan döndükten sonra sağım öncesi bekletme uygulaması önerilebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Laktasyon; Keçi ırkı; Protein olmayan azot içeren organik asitle

Microsatellite panels for parentage testing of Kilis goats reared in Turkey

The aim of this study was to develop PCR-based suitable microsatellite marker panels for paternity testing and to define pedigree errors in Kilis goats. A total of 137 head of goats were used, consisting of 118 head of kids and 19 head of possible candidate sires. A total of 392 alleles were observed in 22 microsatellite markers. Allele numbers ranged between 12 (SRCRSP7) and 24 (BM1818, INRA0023, and SRCRSP15) with an average of 17.82. The mean value of the effective allele numbers was obtained as 9.44. The overall polymorphic information content value was quite high (0.88). The overall observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) values for all studied loci were 0.89 and 0.89, respectively. Paternity test panels for the Kilis goat population studied were created based on individual probability of exclusion of microsatellites in multiplex groups. Combined probability of exclusion (CPE) values for different panels ranged between 0.745 (Panel-1) and 0.9999 (Panel-22), while the combined identification probability (CPI) values were obtained in the range of 9.81 × 10–3 (Panel-1) to 6.96 × 10–21 (Panel-22). As a result of this study, it can be stated that panels with 0.999 CPE values can be used at the most reasonable cost and with high reliability in paternity tests to be performed in Kilis goats, which can be a reference for other populations

The relation between erectile dysfunction and extent of coronary artery disease in the patients with stable coronary artery disease

duman, hakan/0000-0002-1441-7320WOS: 000371013200180PubMed: 26885069Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are closely related as a result of endothelial dysfunction leading to the restriction of blood flow. ED is a potential independent risk factor of CAD. We investigated the prevalence and severity of ED, the extent of CAD and the time interval between the symptoms of ED and CAD in the stable coronary artery patients. Materials and methods: 161 patients applied coronary angiography were divided into two groups according to SYNTAX score as group 1 (n=81) SYNTAX score 22. the prevalence and severity of ED was determined by using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Results: the prevalence of ED was 43.2% in group 1 and 61.3% in group 2 (P=0.022). the score of IIEF was 23.1 (15-29) in group 1, 19.3 (6-29) in group 2; there was a significant difference (P=0.000). in the multivariate logistic regression analysis carried out in order to determine the independent predictors on Syntax score, it was found that LDL (odds ratio: 1.032, 95% confidence interval: 1.009-1.055, P=0.007) and IIEF score (odds ratio: 0.825, 95% confidence interval: 0.733-0.928, P=0.001) were the independent predictors. the time between the symptoms of ED and CAD 30.1 +/- 4.8 months in group 1, and 40.5 +/- 4.3 months in group 2 (P=0.000). Conclusion: the severity of ED is an independent factor predicting the extent of CAD. the early detection of ED enables to make a cardiovascular evaluation. Therefore, taking the cardiovascular risk factors under an aggressive treatment may contribute to prevent the cardiovascular cases which may develop in the future

Low serum melatonin levels are associated with erectile dysfunction

ABSTRACT Objective: Melatonin is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland and has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Oxidative stress is considered as an important factor in the etiology of erectile dysfunction (ED), and in many experimental models, positive results have been obtained with melatonin treatment. This study aimed to measure serum melatonin levels in ED patients and to investigate the possible relationship between ED and melatonin levels. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients diagnosed with mild, moderate or severe ED according to the five-item International Erectile Function Index (IIEF-5) and 22 healthy individuals were included in the study. The serum melatonin levels, anthropometric data, and other biochemical and hormonal parameters of all the subjects were recorded. Detailed anamnesis was also obtained in terms of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking status, and alcohol use. Results: The serum melatonin level was found 34.2±13.3 ng/dL in the mild ED group, 33.3±14.7 ng/dL in the moderate ED group, 34.8±17.2 ng/dL in the severe ED group, and 44.6±16.5 ng/dL in the control group. The serum melatonin levels were significantly lower in all ED groups compared to the control group (p=0.019). There was no significant difference in the serum melatonin levels between the three ED groups. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking and alcohol use were not significantly different between the ED groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: We consider that if our findings are supported by further studies with larger populations, the measurement of the serum melatonin level may have a future role in the diagnosis and treatment of ED

Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma mimicking urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Epithelioid angiomyolipoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor arising mainly in the kidney that can potentially behave aggressively. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma can often resemble sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, high grade renal carcinoma or sarcoma. Its similarity to renal cell carcinoma has been emphasized in most of the cases reported in literature. With the purpose of contributing to the awareness of this similarity, a 32-year-old female patient with renal epitelioid angiomyolipoma in the left kidney which radiologically mimicked urothelial cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is presented

Relationship between prostate volume and serum prostate specific antigen level in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

WOS: 000396412600005Aim: An accurate estimation of the degree of prostate volume (PV) enlargement is important for the choice of treatment, and for prediction of treatment effect, the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgery. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship PSA and PV in patients with histologically proven BPH. Material and Method: 248 men presented to lower urinary tract symptoms and were patologically proved to have benign prostatic hyperplasia by transrectal ultrasoun (TRUS) guided 14-core biopsy were evaluated in this study. Prostat volume was calculated by TRUS with the formula of an ellipsoid (PV= height x with x lenght x 0,52). Measurements of PSA (ng/ml). Serum PSA level was measured by One-Step Sandwich (Dual Mono) method using Beckman Coulter DX 1800 device. the patients evaluated in three groups according to their PV range (cohort of PV) (PV 60 ml). the relationship between age and prostate volume and PSA levels were investigated the affact on these parameters. One way analyses of variance were used to test the difference among groups. the P value less than 0,05 was considered statistically significant. Results: the mean age was 66,97(+/- 1), mean PV was 57,58(+/- 4) ml, and mean serum PSA was 6,89(+/- 0,4) ng/ml. Fifty-seven percent of the patients have a serum PSA value greater than 4 ng/ml. Mean PSA and PV increased with each advancing cohort of age. the mean PSA values in the cohort of PV; PV 60 ml, were 2,69 +/- 0,2 ng/ml, 6,72 +/- 0,5 ng/ml, and 9,84 +/- 0,9 ng/ml, respectively (p< 0,01, p< 0,001). Discussion: There is no cut-off value of PSA in the estimation of prostate volume. in the absence of reliable direct measurement of PV or when it is not necessary to measure the exact volume of prostate, serum PSA determination may be used to designe of medical management for patients with BPH

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Urological Emergencies, 8 Months Results of a Multicenter Retrospective Study From Turkey

Objectives: We aimed to reveal the change of urological emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same period of the previous year