Observaciones sobre la sintaxis del espanglish

Se abordan en este trabajo cuestiones relacionadas con las características sintácticas más destacables del espanglishFFI2017-84951-PThis paper addresses issues related to the most salient syntactic features of Spanglis

Dimensión metacognitiva de las construcciones sintácticas suspendidas: Estudio descriptivo con pacientes afásicos españoles

By taking into consideration conversational outputs from aphasic Spanish speakers, a functional characterisation of suspended syntactic constructions will be provided here. Suspensions of syntactic constructions may be initially thought of as attributed to a language processing deficit in people with aphasia, which is, in fact, only partly the case. An examination of conversational data demonstrates, however, that a comprehensive explanation of syntactic suspensions requires a re-assessment of this phenomenon in the realm of meta-cognitive processes associated with language behaviour. Five general types of procedures and contexts for suspended syntactic constructions will be proposed and discussed in this paper. They differentially involve a series of metacognitive processes such as monitoring for anticipation and prevention of foreseeable mistakes, intersemiotic control of language production and communication by the use of gesturing, motivational and intentional aspects associated with language use, collaborative tasks in language production and theory of mind phenomena

LynX. Panorámica de estudios lingüísticos, nº 18

Panorámica de estudios sobre diferentes ámbitos lingüísticosOverview of studies in different linguistic field

LynX. Panorámica de estudios lingüísticos, nº 16

Panorámica de estudios sobre diferentes ámbitos lingüísticosOverview of studies on different linguistic domain

LynX. Panorámica de estudios lingüísticos, nº 17

Panorámica de estudios sobre diferentes ámbitos lingüísticosOverview of studies in different linguistic field

On natural metalinguistic abilities in aphasia: a preliminary study

Natural metalinguistic abilities, which are put into play without explicit instructions, constitute the cognitive basis for a 'reflexive' use of language, a particular manifestation of the executive function when applied to language and verbal behaviour. This reflexive use entails a specific attentional activity by speakers and hearers with regard to linguistic outputs, and an intentional experience-based control over the language use. Putting into play natural metalinguistic abilities can be considered a significant factor for explaining different kinds of adaptive processes. Our results permit us to conclude that an impairment of metalinguistic abilities is involved in aphasia to different degrees. Moreover, the examination of preserved metalinguistic abilities provides an alternative way for assessing the degree of severity of impaired communicative behaviour by people with aphasia. Our procedure, presumably, will also be useful for suggesting new factors when designing therapeutic programmes

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Abrazar la diversidad. La práctica del espanglish en los Estados Unidos

El espanglish se ha estudiado desde diferentes perspectivas y planteamientos teóricos. Sin pretensión de exhaustividad, revisamos y valoramos aquí algunos acercamientos representativos, centrando la atención en los trabajos publicados en las dos últimas décadas. Finalmente concluimos que la investigación futura sobre este objeto de estudio debería incorporar el examen de procesos atencionales vinculados a prácticas interlingüísticas y otros aspectos que derivan de la condición bilingüe. En síntesis, por una parte, se revisa y valora el estado actual de la cuestión respecto al estudio del espanglish y, por otra, se proponen futuras líneas de investigación sobre este objeto de estudio

Dimensión metacognitiva de las construcciones sintácticas suspendidas: Estudio descriptivo con pacientes afásicos españoles

En este trabajo se presenta una caracterización funcional de las construcciones sintácticas suspendidas tomando en consideración conversaciones de hablantes de español con afasia. Las construcciones sintácticas suspendidas pueden ser inicialmente concebidas como un déficit en el procesamiento lingüístico de las personas con afasia. Sin embargo, un examen de datos conversacionales muestra que una explicación comprehensiva de la suspensión sintáctica requiere de una re-evaluación de este fenómeno en el contexto de los procesos metacognitivos asociados a la conducta verbal. Se proponen y comentan cinco tipos generales de procedimientos y contextos para las construcciones sintácticas suspendidas. Estos cinco tipos de situación implican diferencialmente procesos metacognitivos como la anticipación y prevención de errores previsibles, el control intersemiótico de la producción de lenguaje y la comunicación mediante el uso de gestos, aspectos motivacionales e intencionales asociados con el uso del lenguaje, las tareas colaborativas en la producción lingüística y la teoría de la mente