Suggestions for spraying : commercial apple orchards

"January 1962"Provides a suggested pesticide spraying program for commercial apple orchards as well as suggestions on how to handle conditions such as fireblight or pests.H.G. Swartwout and W.R. Enn

Linear and Non Linear Effects on the Newtonian Gravitational Constant as deduced from the Torsion Balance

The Newtonian gravitational constant has still 150 parts per million of uncertainty. This paper examines the linear and nonlinear equations governing the rotational dynamics of the torsion gravitational balance. A nonlinear effect modifying the oscillation period of the torsion gravitational balance is carefully explored.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure

Suggestions for spraying commercial apple orchards, 1967

"1, 67/1500"Suggested spray program -- Special pest discussion -- Comments on spray materials and combinations -- A lead arsenate program -- spray residues.B.G. Tweedy, W.R. Enns and H.G. Swartwout (Departments of Horticulture and Entomology

suggestions for spraying commercial grape vineyards, 1967

Information for commerical grape vineyards, including spray programs, quantities of sprays to apply, when to spray, and general pest information. Written for application in Missouri in 1967.W.R. Enns, B.G. Tweedy and H.G. Swartwout (Departments of Horticulture and Entomology

1975 commercial grape spray schedule

"MP 263, 2/75/1.5M"PRE-BLOOM SPRAYS -- BLOOM SPRAYS -- POST-BLOOM SPRAYS -- SUMMER SPRAYSBy W.R. Enns and W.S. Craig (Department of Entomology), A.E. Gaus (Department of Horticulture) and P.W. Steiner, H.W. Shaffer, and E.W. Palm (Department of Plant Pathology

Theory of terahertz electric oscillations by supercooled superconductors

We predict that below T_c a regime of negative differential conductivity (NDC) can be reached. The superconductor should be supercooled to T<T_c in the normal phase under DC voltage. In such a nonequilibrium situation the NDC of the superconductor is created by the excess conductivity of the fluctuation Cooper pairs. We propose NDC of supercooled superconductors to be used as an active medium for generation of electric oscillations. Such generators can be used in the superconducting electronics as a new type THz source of radiation. Oscillations can be modulated by the change of the bias voltage, electrostatic doping by a gate electrode when the superconductor is the channel of a field effect transistor, or by light. When small amplitude oscillations are stabilized near the critical temperature T_c the generator can be used as a bolometer. The essential for the applications NDC is predicted by the solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the metastable in the normal phase Cooper pairs. Boltzmann equation for fluctuation Cooper pairs is a result of state-of-the-art application of the microscopic theory of superconductivity. Our theoretical conclusions are based on some approximations like time dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory, but nevertheless can reliably predict appearance of NDC. The maximal frequency at which superconductors can operate as generators is determined by the critical temperature \hbar omega_max ~ k_B T_c. For high-T_c superconductors this maximal frequency falls well inside the terahertz range. Technical conditions to avoid nucleation of the superconducting phase are briefly discussed. We suggest that nanostructured high-T_c superconductors patterned in a single chip can give the best technical performance of the proposed oscillator.Comment: 7 page

REVIEW: Life-cycle, total-industry genetic improvement of feed efficiency in beef cattle: Blueprint for the Beef Improvement Federation

On a life-cycle basis, beef animals are able to consume large amounts of low-cost, low-quality forages relative to higher-cost concentrates compared with pigs and chickens. However, of the 3, beef is still more expensive to produce on a cost–per–edible pound basis. Accordingly, there is need for genetic programs and management changes that will improve efficiency, sustainability, and profitability of beef production. Options include improving reproductive rate, reducing feed used for maintenance, or both, while not reducing output. A goal for improving efficiency of feed utilization is to reduce the amount or proportion of feed used for maintenance. Such reduction is a target for genetic improvement, but such a goal does not include defining a single measure of efficiency. A single efficiency measure would likely lead to single-trait selection and not account for any potentially antagonistic effects on other production characteristics. Because we are not able to explain all variation in individual-animal intake from only knowledge of BW maintained and level of production, measuring feed intake is necessary. Therefore, our recommendation is that national cattle evaluation systems analyze feed intake as an economically relevant trait with incorporation of appropriate indicator traits for an EPD for feed intake requirements that could then be used in a multiple-trait setting such as in a selection index. With improvements in technology for measurement of feed intake, individual measures of feed intake should continually be collected to facilitate development of genetic predictors that enhance accuracy of prediction of progeny differences in national cattle evaluations

Perfectionism and self-conscious emotions in British and Japanese students: Predicting pride and embarrassment after success and failure

Regarding self-conscious emotions, studies have shown that different forms of perfectionism show different relationships with pride, shame, and embarrassment depending on success and failure. What is unknown is whether these relationships also show cultural variations. Therefore, we conducted a study investigating how self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism predicted pride and embarrassment after success and failure comparing 363 British and 352 Japanese students. Students were asked to respond to a set of scenarios where they imagined achieving either perfect (success) or flawed results (failure). In both British and Japanese students, self-oriented perfectionism positively predicted pride after success and embarrassment after failure whereas socially prescribed perfectionism predicted embarrassment after success and failure. Moreover, in Japanese students, socially prescribed perfectionism positively predicted pride after success and self-oriented perfectionism negatively predicted pride after failure. The findings have implications for our understanding of perfectionism indicating that the perfectionism–pride relationship not only varies between perfectionism dimensions, but may also show cultural variations

Mapping gene associations in human mitochondria using clinical disease phenotypes

Nuclear genes encode most mitochondrial proteins, and their mutations cause diverse and debilitating clinical disorders. To date, 1,200 of these mitochondrial genes have been recorded, while no standardized catalog exists of the associated clinical phenotypes. Such a catalog would be useful to develop methods to analyze human phenotypic data, to determine genotype-phenotype relations among many genes and diseases, and to support the clinical diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders. Here we establish a clinical phenotype catalog of 174 mitochondrial disease genes and study associations of diseases and genes. Phenotypic features such as clinical signs and symptoms were manually annotated from full-text medical articles and classified based on the hierarchical MeSH ontology. This classification of phenotypic features of each gene allowed for the comparison of diseases between different genes. In turn, we were then able to measure the phenotypic associations of disease genes for which we calculated a quantitative value that is based on their shared phenotypic features. The results showed that genes sharing more similar phenotypes have a stronger tendency for functional interactions, proving the usefulness of phenotype similarity values in disease gene network analysis. We then constructed a functional network of mitochondrial genes and discovered a higher connectivity for non-disease than for disease genes, and a tendency of disease genes to interact with each other. Utilizing these differences, we propose 168 candidate genes that resemble the characteristic interaction patterns of mitochondrial disease genes. Through their network associations, the candidates are further prioritized for the study of specific disorders such as optic neuropathies and Parkinson disease. Most mitochondrial disease phenotypes involve several clinical categories including neurologic, metabolic, and gastrointestinal disorders, which might indicate the effects of gene defects within the mitochondrial system. The accompanying knowledgebase (http://www.mitophenome.org/) supports the study of clinical diseases and associated genes