Dynamic modelling, validation and analysis of coal-fired subcritical power plant

Coal-fired power plants are the main source of global electricity. As environmental regulations tighten, there is need to improve the design, operation and control of existing or new built coal-fired power plants. Modelling and simulation is identified as an economic, safe and reliable approach to reach this objective. In this study, a detailed dynamic model of a 500 MWe coal-fired subcritical power plant was developed using gPROMS based on first principles. Model validations were performed against actual plant measurements and the relative error was less than 5%. The model is able to predict plant performance reasonably from 70% load level to full load. Our analysis showed that implementing load changes through ramping introduces less process disturbances than step change. The model can be useful for providing operator training and for process troubleshooting among others

The Fake News Spreading Plague: Was it Preventable?

In 2010, a paper entitled "From Obscurity to Prominence in Minutes: Political Speech and Real-time search" won the Best Paper Prize of the Web Science 2010 Conference. Among its findings were the discovery and documentation of what was termed a "Twitter-bomb", an organized effort to spread misinformation about the democratic candidate Martha Coakley through anonymous Twitter accounts. In this paper, after summarizing the details of that event, we outline the recipe of how social networks are used to spread misinformation. One of the most important steps in such a recipe is the "infiltration" of a community of users who are already engaged in conversations about a topic, to use them as organic spreaders of misinformation in their extended subnetworks. Then, we take this misinformation spreading recipe and indicate how it was successfully used to spread fake news during the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. The main differences between the scenarios are the use of Facebook instead of Twitter, and the respective motivations (in 2010: political influence; in 2016: financial benefit through online advertising). After situating these events in the broader context of exploiting the Web, we seize this opportunity to address limitations of the reach of research findings and to start a conversation about how communities of researchers can increase their impact on real-world societal issues

Determination of the Activation Parameters of Reaction Between [Fe(CN\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3e]\u3csup\u3e-4\u3c/sup\u3e and K[Co(HEDTA)NO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e].

The kinetics of the oxidation of [Fe(CN)6]-4 by K[Co(HEDTA)NO2] was studied in order to get the mechanism and the activation parameters of the reaction. Using a freshly-made Na3PO4 solution as the reaction medium with a pH of 6.00 the ionic strength was maintained at 0.10 M and the buffer molarity was 0.001 M. The rate constant (kobs) of the reaction between [Fe(CN)6]-4 and K[Co(HEDTA)NO2] was determined at temperatures of 25.0°C, 27.5°C, 30.0°C, 35.0°, and 40.0°C. We explored this reaction by monitoring the evolution of ferricyanide, [Fe(CN)6]-3, spectroscopically for which ε420 = 1023 cm-1 M-1 by recording the absorbance as a function of time at 420 nm wavelength. The data were plotted and results analyzed to give activation parameters, energy of activation (Ea), entropy of activation (ΔS‡), and enthalpy of activation (ΔH‡) for the two reacting complexes under the specified reaction conditions. Based on previous results, an outer-sphere electron-transfer pathway and a first order rate of reaction for each of the reacting species 1 have been proposed

THE ROLE OF SUNDANESE LANGUAGE IN THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATIONAT THE ONCOLOGY CLINIC RSHS

The Sundanese language is a local language that has been used by the majority of Indonesians as their daily language. It is the second most widely spoken language after the Javanese language. It is, therefore, not surprising that the Sundanese is used in many types of business including medical institutions directly in touch with society. When doctors and nurses are taking care of patients in a particular ethnic group such as the Sundanese, they may need to master the language so that they are better able to communicate with the patients. Psychologically, the patients may feel less anxious as the doctors are explaning their illness or recovery process in their indigenous language. The use of the language can also be one of the palpable efforts that exhilarates the patients’ spirit of life. As later shown, some researches have proven that patients prefer to go to particular hospitals not only because of the medical apparatus they are provided with, or the less distance they have to travel, but also because of the luxurious cultural services they experience. This luxury is the therapeutic communication which takes advantages of the Sundanese language. Therapeutic communication is a type of language transmissions that promotes patients’ healing process. It is a process employed by doctors, nurses, and medical staff requiring an approach planned consciously focusing on the patients’ recovery. To overcome therapeutic communication’s obstacles, the staff need to be ready to reveal their strong emotional feelings towards the patients in an appropriate context. Therefore, the staf must have adequate knowledge regarding this face-to-face process of interacting that focuses on advancing the physical and emotional well-being of the patients

Case study on CO₂ transport pipeline network design for Humber region in the UK

Reliable, safe and economic CO₂ transport from CO₂ capture points to long term storage/enhanced oil recovery (EOR) sites is critical for commercial deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. Pipeline transportation of CO₂ is considered most feasible. However, in CCS applications there is concern about associated impurities and huge volumes of high pressure CO₂ transported over distances likely to be densely populated areas. On this basis, there is limited experience for design and economic assessment of CO₂ pipeline. The Humber region in the UK is a likely site for building CO₂ pipelines in the future due to large CO₂ emissions in the region and its close access to depleted gas fields and saline aquifers beneath the North Sea. In this paper, various issues to be considered in CO₂ pipeline design for CCS applications are discussed. Also, different techno-economic correlations for CO₂ pipelines are assessed using the Humber region as case study. Levelized cost of CO₂ pipelines calculated for the region range from 0.14 to 0.75 GBP per tonne of CO₂. This is a preliminary study and is useful for obtaining quick techno-economic assessment of CO₂ pipelines

Functional Cramer-Rao bounds and Stein estimators in Sobolev spaces, for Brownian motion and Cox processes

We investigate the problems of drift estimation for a shifted Brownian motion and intensity estimation for a Cox process on a finite interval $[0,T]$, when the risk is given by the energy functional associated to some fractional Sobolev space $H^1_0\subset W^{\alpha,2}\subset L^2$. In both situations, Cramer-Rao lower bounds are obtained, entailing in particular that no unbiased estimators with finite risk in $H^1_0$ exist. By Malliavin calculus techniques, we also study super-efficient Stein type estimators (in the Gaussian case)

Neural network approach for predicting drum pressure and level in coal-fired subcritical power plant

There is increasing need for tighter controls of coal-fired plants due to more stringent regulations and addition of more renewable sources in the electricity grid. Achieving this will require better process knowledge which can be facilitated through the use of plant models. Drum-boilers, a key component of coal-fired subcritical power plants, have complicated characteristics and require highly complex routines for the dynamic characteristics to be accurately modelled. Development of such routines is laborious and due to computational requirements they are often unfit for control purposes. On the other hand, simpler lumped and semi empirical models may not represent the process well. As a result, data-driven approach based on neural networks is chosen in this study. Models derived with this approach incorporate all the complex underlying physics and performs very well so long as it is used within the range of conditions on which it was developed. The model can be used for studying plant dynamics and design of controllers. Dynamic model of the drum-boiler was developed in this study using NARX neural networks. The model predictions showed good agreement with actual outputs of the drum-boiler (drum pressure and water level)

Analisis Penggunaan Google Form Sebagai Media Evaluasi Pembelajaran PAI SMPIT Insan Harapan Batam

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan google form sebagai media evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di SMPIT Insan Harapan Batam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah studi pustaka, dengan meneliti dokumen dan melakukan observasi/pengamatan terhadap sasaran penelitian yang berkaitan dengan topik yang dibahas. Sumber data yang ada dalam penelitian ini di ambil dari siswa kelas 8 A yang berjumlah 15 orang, selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data yang berasal dari jurnal, dan buku yang memiliki relevansi sesuai dengan judul atau topik yang dibahas. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan penggunaan google form sebagai media evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah diterapkan dengan baik dalam evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam, pemberian angket, soal ujian, dan ulangan memiliki banyak hasil yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam evaluasi, seluruh siswa mengisi google form yang dibagikan dengan lengkap