Identifying Characters

This thesis will serve to compare and analyse distinctions in character depiction and human relations in Agatha Christie’s novel And Then There Were None, observing conversations held between the main characters in both the original version of the novel and the Japanese translated version to see the personal characteristic in the characters speech. During the analysis, two certain aspects were taken into consideration, with correlating frameworks. The first is role language, including the coined yakuwarigo by Kinsui, used to identify individuals’ characteristics. The second aspect is the Japanese honorific system which specifies the individual’s seniority and inter-human relation. Studies on role language and Japanese honorifics have been conducted to a great extent, though the use of these concepts to examine and compare to original English texts seems to be lacking. The diversity in the use of personal pronouns, both first and second, sentence final particles and style of speech to express politeness in the translated text is closely connected with an inherit cultural idea on how certain personalities should behave according to how they are described rather than what can be obviously found in the conversations that can be read in the original novel

Treating metadata as annotations: separating the content markup from the content

The use of digital learning resources creates an increasing need for semantic metadata, describing the whole resource, as well as parts of resources. Traditionally, schemas such as Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) have been used to add semantic markup for parts of resources. This is not sufficient for use in a â€Âmetadata ecologyâ€Â, where metadata is distributed, coherent to different Application Profiles, and added by different actors. A new methodology, where metadata is “pointed in†as annotations, using XPointers, and RDF is proposed. A suggestion for how such infrastructure can be implemented, using existing open standards for metadata, and for the web is presented. We argue that such methodology and infrastructure is necessary to realize the decentralized metadata infrastructure needed for a “metadata ecology"

Treating metadata as annotations: separating the content markup from the content

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Cognitive Development in Single-Suture Craniosynostosis - A Systematic Review

There is conflicting evidence whether single-suture craniosynostosis (SSC), is linked to adversities of cognitive development. To assess the evidence for a link between SSC and cognition, a systematic literature search was conducted and eligible studies assessed for inclusion by two independent readers. Forty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. Small to medium but persistent effects on both general and some specific cognitive functions across age bands were found in higher quality studies for SSC overall. There was limited evidence for effects related to surgical correction. Methodologies varied substantially and there was a lack of longitudinal studies using broad assessment batteries

Anterior cingulate cortex activity as a candidate biomarker for treatment selection in social anxiety disorder

We aimed to identify biomarkers to guide the decision to add selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) to psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Forty-eight patients with SAD underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and collection of clinical and demographic variables before treatment with cognitive–behavioural therapy, combined on a double-blind basis with either escitalopram or placebo for 9 weeks. Pre-treatment neural reactivity to aversive faces in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), but not clinical/demographic variables, moderated clinical outcomes. Cross-validated individual-level predictions accurately identified 81% of responders/non-responders. Dorsal ACC reactivity is thus a potential biomarker for SAD treatment selection