Mathieu Mercier : sans titres, 1993-2007

Sorti peu après l’ouverture de l’exposition de Mathieu Mercier à l’ARC, ce catalogue est illustré de vues de l’exposition qui retracent un parcours aller/retour, le demi tour s’effectuant à la page 88. A l’image de cette première exposition rétrospective dans un musée, sensiblement modelée sur les codes d’un magasin de design qui les emprunte lui-même aux conventions du cube blanc, ce catalogue dresse un état des lieux d’un travail sur 15 années, (comme son titre l’indique). Il peut être lu c..

John Armleder

Cette importante monographie ouvre sur une large iconographie organisée par l’artiste et intitulée « exposition ». On prend alors la mesure de la diversité de l’œuvre et des modes de monstration qui s’y déploient. En dehors de toute logique chronologique, ce cahier met l’accent sur un principe de dispersion et d’accumulation comme autant de procédés d’extensions physiques de l’œuvre aux dimensions du mur d’abord et de l’exposition ensuite. De la série des Furniture Sculptures, littéralement d..

Long receptor residence time of C26 contributes to super agonist activity at the human β2 adrenoceptor

Super agonists produce greater functional responses than endogenous agonists in the same assay, and their unique pharmacology is the subject of increasing interest and debate. We propose that receptor residence time and the duration of receptor signaling contribute to the pharmacology of super agonism. We have further characterized the novel β2 adrenoceptor agonist C26 (7-[(R)-2-((1R,2R)-2-benzyloxycyclopentylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxybenzothiazolone), which displays higher intrinsic activity than the endogenous ligand adrenaline in cAMP accumulation, β-arrestin-2 recruitment, and receptor internalization assays. C26 recruited β-arrestin-2, and internalized the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-taggedβ2 adrenoceptor at a slow rate, with half-life (t1/2) values of 0.78 ± 0.1 and 0.78 ± 0.04 hours, respectively. This was compared with 0.31 ± 0.04 and 0.34 ± 0.01 hours for adrenaline-mediated β-arrestin-2 recruitment and GFP-β2 internalization, respectively. The slower rate for C26 resulted in levels of β-arrestin-2 recruitment increasing up to 4-hour agonist incubation, at which point the intrinsic activity was determined to be 124.3 ± 0.77% of the adrenaline response. In addition to slow functional kinetics, C26 displayed high affinity with extremely slow receptor dissociation kinetics, giving a receptor residence half-life of 32.7 minutes at 37°C, which represents the slowest dissociation rate we have observed for any β2 adrenoceptor agonist tested to date. In conclusion, we propose that the gradual accumulation of long-lived active receptor complexes contributes to the increased intrinsic activity of C26 over time. This highlights the need to consider the temporal aspects of agonist binding and signaling when characterizing ligands as super agonists

Effect of a musical intervention on tolerance and efficacy of non-invasive ventilation in the ICU: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (MUSique pour l’Insuffisance Respiratoire Aigue - Mus-IRA)

NIV protocol. (DOCX 103 kb

Limits on the ultra-bright Fast Radio Burst population from the CHIME Pathfinder

We present results from a new incoherent-beam Fast Radio Burst (FRB) search on the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) Pathfinder. Its large instantaneous field of view (FoV) and relative thermal insensitivity allow us to probe the ultra-bright tail of the FRB distribution, and to test a recent claim that this distribution's slope, $\alpha\equiv-\frac{\partial \log N}{\partial \log S}$, is quite small. A 256-input incoherent beamformer was deployed on the CHIME Pathfinder for this purpose. If the FRB distribution were described by a single power-law with $\alpha=0.7$, we would expect an FRB detection every few days, making this the fastest survey on sky at present. We collected 1268 hours of data, amounting to one of the largest exposures of any FRB survey, with over 2.4\,$\times$\,10$^5$\,deg$^2$\,hrs. Having seen no bursts, we have constrained the rate of extremely bright events to $<\!13$\,sky$^{-1}$\,day$^{-1}$ above $\sim$\,220$\sqrt{(\tau/\rm ms)}$ Jy\,ms for $\tau$ between 1.3 and 100\,ms, at 400--800\,MHz. The non-detection also allows us to rule out $\alpha\lesssim0.9$ with 95$\%$ confidence, after marginalizing over uncertainties in the GBT rate at 700--900\,MHz, though we show that for a cosmological population and a large dynamic range in flux density, $\alpha$ is brightness-dependent. Since FRBs now extend to large enough distances that non-Euclidean effects are significant, there is still expected to be a dearth of faint events and relative excess of bright events. Nevertheless we have constrained the allowed number of ultra-intense FRBs. While this does not have significant implications for deeper, large-FoV surveys like full CHIME and APERTIF, it does have important consequences for other wide-field, small dish experiments

Hepatic Stem-like Phenotype and Interplay of Wnt/β-Catenin and Myc Signaling in Aggressive Childhood Liver Cancer

SummaryHepatoblastoma, the most common pediatric liver cancer, is tightly linked to excessive Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Here, we used microarray analysis to identify two tumor subclasses resembling distinct phases of liver development and a discriminating 16-gene signature. β-catenin activated different transcriptional programs in the two tumor types, with distinctive expression of hepatic stem/progenitor markers in immature tumors. This highly proliferating subclass was typified by gains of chromosomes 8q and 2p and upregulated Myc signaling. Myc-induced hepatoblastoma-like tumors in mice strikingly resembled the human immature subtype, and Myc downregulation in hepatoblastoma cells impaired tumorigenesis in vivo. Remarkably, the 16-gene signature discriminated invasive and metastatic hepatoblastomas and predicted prognosis with high accuracy

Unpacking ecosystem service bundles: towards predictive mapping of synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services

Multiple ecosystem services (ES) can respond similarly to social and ecological factors to form bundles. Identifying key social-ecological variables and understanding how they co-vary to produce these consistent sets of ES may ultimately allow the prediction and modelling of ES bundles, and thus, help us understand critical synergies and trade-offs across landscapes. Such an understanding is essential for informing better management of multi-functional landscapes and minimising costly trade-offs. However, the relative importance of different social and biophysical drivers of ES bundles in different types of social-ecological systems remains unclear. As such, a bottom-up understanding of the determinants of ES bundles is a critical research gap in ES and sustainability science. Here, we evaluate the current methods used in ES bundle science and synthesize these into four steps that capture the plurality of methods used to examine predictors of ES bundles. We then apply these four steps to a cross-study comparison (North and South French Alps) of relationships between social-ecological variables and ES bundles, as it is widely advocated that cross-study comparisons are necessary for achieving a general understanding of predictors of ES associations. We use the results of this case study to assess the strengths and limitations of current approaches for understanding distributions of ES bundles. We conclude that inconsistency of spatial scale remains the primary barrier for understanding and predicting ES bundles. We suggest a hypothesis-driven approach is required to predict relationships between ES, and we outline the research required for such an understanding to emerge

Extracting information from multiple datasets by matrix factorization and common subspace computation

With the constantly growing capability to measure and store data, dealing with different datasets representing similar phenomena is becoming increasingly common. An example in bioinformatics is gene expression data, where the same disease can be studied in different hospitals at different times by measuring the gene expression levels of patients. It is then desirable to merge the different measures obtained, in order to improve the robustness of the subsequent analysis. In this thesis, we investigate different ways of extracting common information from multiple datasets with common features. We propose two different types of approach: removing the differences across datasets, and, keeping the common information. To remove the differences across datasets, we use a matrix factorization approach: we develop a new spatiotemporal version of independent component analysis that we apply to all concatenated datasets, and use the resulting components to model the differences to be removed. The approach is validated on gene expression datasets, and compared to other existing methods in the wider context of a classification task. In the second part of the thesis, we propose a minimax formulation to model the problem of finding a common subspace across a set of subspaces associated with the datasets. We develop multiple algorithms to solve this minimax problem,with some convergence guarantees, and compare their performances on synthetic and real data.(FSA - Sciences de l'ingénieur) -- UCL, 201

Les femmes ne participant pas au dépistage organisé du cancer du sein en raison de la réalisation du dépistage individuel : exploration des représentations par focus groups

Le Dépistage organisé du cancer du sein (DOCS) impulsé par la DGS a été généralisé en 2004. L objectif est une participation de 70% selon les recommandations européennes pour obtenir une baisse de la mortalité. Ce taux s élevait à 52.8 % en 2008-2009 et à 45,8% dans le Val-de-Marne témoignant d une participation insuffisante. La thèse de Marina Brodbeck soutenue en 2010 à la faculté de médecine de Créteil étudiait les motifs de non participation au DOCS dans le Val de Marne. La raison principale de non participation au DOCS était la réalisation du dépistage individuel (DI) (39.4%). Le but de notre étude était d étudier les raisons et motivations des femmes non participantes au DOCS à réaliser le DI, à travers leurs représentations de la santé, de la féminité, du cancer et du dépistage du cancer du sein. Nous avons réalisé 3 focus groups constitués de 4 à 6 femmes recrutées à partir du travail de Marina Brodbeck. Les femmes attachent une grande attention à leur santé et à un dépistage personnalisé. Pour elles, le sein est surtout l organe de l allaitement. Elles ont peur du cancer et plus spécifiquement de localisation gynécologique. La mammographie est bien connotée et acceptée. Elles ne connaissent pas parfaitement les modalités du DOCS : la double lecture est souvent ignorée, le courrier d invitation leur semble peu explicite, elles expriment des doutes ou craintes concernant la fiabilité des centres ou des appareils de mammographies, et de la peur d un changement de centre lors du passage au DOCS. La discordance entre la date de réception du courrier et la réalisation de leur dernière mammographie, le caractère généralisé non individuel constituent des freins importants au DOCS. Ces éléments pourraient conduire à des actions permettant d améliorer la participation au DOCS notamment en y impliquant plus explicitement les médecins cliniciens.The organised screening for breast cancer (DOCS) driven by the DGS was widespread in 2004. The objective is a 70% participation rate according to European recommendations to obtain a decrease in mortality. This rate was 52.8% in 2008-2009 and 45.8% in the Val-de-Marne indicating insufficient participation. Marina Brodbeck s thesis sustained by 2010 at the Faculty of Medicine of Créteil was studying the reasons for non-participation in the DOCS in the Val de Marne. The main reason for non-participation in the DOCS was the realisation of individual screening (39.4%). The aim of our study was to investigate the reasons and motivations of not participating women in the DOCS to the DI through their representations of health, femininity, cancer screening and breast cancer. We conducted three focus groups consisting of 4 to 6 women recruited from Marina Brodbeck s work. Women attach great attention to their health and personal screening. For them, the breast is mainly the organ of breastfeeding. They are afraid of cancer and more specifically of gynecological localisation. Mammography is well connoted and accepted. They don t know perfectly modalities of the DOCS: double reading is often ignored, the invitation letter seems to be not very explicit, they express fears or doubts concerning the reliability of centers or equipment for mammography, and fear of change center during the transition to the DOCS. The discrepancy between the date of letter reception and the realisation of their last mammography, the general aspect rather than individual aspect are important brakes in the DOCS. These elements could lead to actions to improve participation in the DOCS particular by involving more explicitly clinical physicians.PARIS12-CRETEIL BU Médecine (940282101) / SudocSudocFranceF