The contractile ring coordinates curvature-dependent septum assembly during fission yeast cytokinesis

The functions of the actin-myosin–based contractile ring in cytokinesis remain to be elucidated. Recent findings show that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cleavage furrow ingression is driven by polymerization of cell wall fibers outside the plasma membrane, not by the contractile ring. Here we show that one function of the ring is to spatially coordinate septum cell wall assembly. We develop an improved method for live-cell imaging of the division apparatus by orienting the rod-shaped cells vertically using microfabricated wells. We observe that the septum hole and ring are circular and centered in wild-type cells and that in the absence of a functional ring, the septum continues to ingress but in a disorganized and asymmetric manner. By manipulating the cleavage furrow into different shapes, we show that the ring promotes local septum growth in a curvature-dependent manner, allowing even a misshapen septum to grow into a more regular shape. This curvature-dependent growth suggests a model in which contractile forces of the ring shape the septum cell wall by stimulating the cell wall machinery in a mechanosensitive manner. Mechanical regulation of the cell wall assembly may have general relevance to the morphogenesis of walled cells

Characterization of Fluorescent Proteins for Three- and Four-Color Live-Cell Imaging in S. cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae are widely used for imaging fluorescently tagged protein fusions. Fluorescent proteins can easily be inserted into yeast genes at their chromosomal locus, by homologous recombination, for expression of tagged proteins at endogenous levels. This is especially useful for incorporation of multiple fluorescent protein fusions into a single strain, which can be challenging in organisms where genetic manipulation is more complex. However, the availability of optimal fluorescent protein combinations for 3-color imaging is limited. Here, we have characterized a combination of fluorescent proteins, mTFP1/mCitrine/mCherry for multicolor live cell imaging in S. cerevisiae. This combination can be used with conventional blue dyes, such as DAPI, for potential four-color live cell imaging

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Post-Traumatic Cilia Remaining Inert in the Posterior Chamber for 50 Years

Intraocular foreign body injuries (IOFB) can lead to a number of intraocular pathologies; the visual results depend on the mechanism of the injury, the type of foreign body and the subsequent complications. The presence of intraocular cilia (eye lashes) following penetrating injury or surgical intervention is uncommon. In the present paper, we present a case of a 58-year-old woman with a history of eye trauma and a perforated corneal wound in the left eye that occurred 50 years ago. On the ophthalmological exam we noticed in the anterior chamber a straight linear extension, resembling cilia, extending behind the iris. The patient reports that it appeared during COVID-19 infection, after repeated episodes of coughing. After a follow-up period, we decided to remove the eyelash; 24 h after surgery, the patient complained of severe eye pain. Intraocular pressure (IOP) in LE was 54 mmHg. The slit-lamp examination showed perikeratic congestion, corneal edema and mydriasis. Eye hypotensive treatment was started immediately and the patient’s general condition slightly improved. Intraocular cilia can be tolerated for many years without causing any ocular reaction. The decision for surgical intervention must be taken according to the individual needs of the patient and his ocular characteristics with careful pre- and post-operative follow up

Bilateral Serous Retinal Detachment as a Complication of HELLP Syndrome

HELLP syndrome is a pregnancy complication, putting at risk the life of mother and child, characterized by high blood pressure, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets. Serous retinal detachment is a rare complication of pregnancy and may be associated with HELLP syndrome. One of the most common symptoms is a decrease in visual acuity. A rare case of bilateral exudative retinal detachment associated with HELLP syndrome is described in a 38-year-old woman a few hours after delivery. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed an amount of subretinal fluid and macular edema. Use of systemic corticosteroids and careful management of blood pressure led to early resolution of subretinal fluid and a good recovery of vision. Her final best corrected visual acuity was 1 (decimal notation) in both eyes at 2 weeks after delivery. These types of cases are rarely reported and highlight the importance of increasing awareness of this pathology among ophthalmologists

Quantitative studies of subdiffusion in living cells and actin networks

Optical tweezers are a versatile tool in biophysics and have matured from a tool of manipulation to a tool of precise measurements. We argue here that the data analysis with advantage can be developed to a level of sophistication that matches that of the instrument. We review methods of analysis of optical tweezers data, primarily based on the power spectra of time series of positions for trapped spherical objects. The majority of precise studies in the literature are performed on in vitro systems, whereas in the present work, an example of an in vivo system is presented for which precise power spectral analysis is both useful and necessary. The biological system is the cytoplasm of ssion yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe in which we observe subdi usion of lipid granules. In a search for the cause of subdi usion, we chemically disrupt the actin network in the cytoplasm and further consider in vitro networks of lamenteous actin undergoing similar chemical disruption

MANRESE 2 : LA PRIERE

Titre uniforme : [La Betulia liberata. KV 74c]. IntégraleComprend : VENI SANCTE SPIRITUS - chant grégorien - séquence du dimanche de la Pentecôte / les Choeurs des Bénédictins de Montserrat (Espagne) - SEIGNEUR, ENSEIGNEZ-NOUS A PRIER / John Henry Cardinal NEWMAN ; Jean LAPLACE sj - INVITATOIRE DE LA PREFACE DANS LA MESSE SOLENNELLE - chant grégorien / les Choeurs des Bénédictins de Montserrat (Espagne) - LA PRIERE CONTINUELLE / John Henry Cardinal NEWMAN ; Jean LAPLACE sj - MARIA KRON - motet / Krystof HARANT z POLZIC ; l'Ensemble Pro Arte Antiqua de Prague - PRIERE POUR OBTENIR LA SAGESSE / SALOMON ; Jean LAPLACE sj - SONATE N °4 EN UT MINEUR BWV 1017 pour clavier obligé avec accompagnement de violon (adagio) / Jean-Sébastien BACH ; Paul MAKANOWITZKY, violon et Noel LEE, piano - BETULIA LIBERATA KV 118 - ouverture de l'Oratorio / Wolfgang-Amadeus MOZART ; E. CUNDARI, et L. LONDI, sopranos - A. LAZZARINI, contralto - P. MUNTEANU, ténor, P. WASHINGTON, basse, les Choeurs de la Radio de Milan ; et l'Orchestre de l'Angelicum de Milan dir. Carlo Felice CILLARIO - EVANGILE SELON SAINT MATTHIEU, VI, 5-8 / Jean LAPLACE sj - PATER NOSTER DE LA MESSE SOLENNELLE (chant grégorien) / les Choeurs des bénédictins de l'Abbaye de Montserrat (Espagne) - LA LIBERTE DANS L'ORAISON / Jean-Joseph SURIN s.j. ; Jean LAPLACE s.j. - SUITE POUR LUTH EN RE MINEUR (deux mouvements) / Thomas MACE - LA PRIERE DU PETIT PATHE extrait du 2ème Tableau de DIALOGUE DES CARMELITES / Georges BERNANOS ; Jean LAPLACE sj - SONATA A QUATTRO / Pavel Joel VEJVANOVSKY ; Jacques CHAMBON hautbois et l'Ensemble Pro Arte Antiqua de PragueBnF-Partenariats, Collection sonore - BelieveContient une table des matière