Diagnóstico visual del estado actual de los pavimentos en la comuna Boston, barrio Providencia comprendido entre la carrera 21 bis a la 19 y las calles 20 hasta la 24 de la ciudad de Pereira, Risaralda

T 625.8 G165 128 p.Se realiza un diagnóstico a partir de la inspección visual de la estructura vial del barrio Providencia, sector perteneciente a la comuna Boston de la ciudad de Pereira (Risaralda), donde se ofrece una información actualizada del estado de las vías, se identifican los deterioros superficiales de los pavimentos, diferenciando los tipos de fallas y clasificando sus niveles de severidad y las necesidades de mantenimiento. Igualmente se realizó un estudio del flujo vehicular para determinar si impacta la conformación de la malla vial.Universidad Libre de Pereir

Diagnóstico visual del estado actual de los pavimentos en la comuna Boston, barrio Providencia comprendido entre la carrera 21 bis a la 19 y las calles 20 hasta la 24 de la ciudad de Pereira, Risaralda

CD-T 625.8 G165; 148 pSe realiza un diagnóstico a partir de la inspección visual de la estructura vial del barrio Providencia, sector perteneciente a la comuna Boston de la ciudad de Pereira (Risaralda), donde se ofrece una información actualizada del estado de las vías, se identifican los deterioros superficiales de los pavimentos, diferenciando los tipos de fallas y clasificando sus niveles de severidad y las necesidades de mantenimiento. Igualmente se realizó un estudio del flujo vehicular para determinar si impacta la conformación de la malla vial.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereir

Caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica de una población con falla cardíaca aguda: cohorte MED-ICA

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar las características epidemiológicas de adultos con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda admitidos en un hospital universitario. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, descriptivo. Revisión de historias clínicas de mayores de 18 años hospitalizados entre julio y diciembre de 2015 en un hospital de Medellín, Colombia. Resultados: Se incluyeron 361 pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca aguda. 193 (53,4%) fueron mujeres, cuya mediana de edad fue 76 años. 183 (50,6%) tenían fracción de eyección (FEVI) reducida, 19 (5,2%) FEVI intermedia y 148 (40,9%) FEVI preservada. El tratamiento farmacológico previo al ingreso incluía IECA/ARA2 en 253 (70%) pacientes, betabloqueador en 212 (58,7%) y espironolactona en 92 (25,4%). La principal causa de falla cardíaca aguda fue la presencia de taqui-bradiarritmias (17,5%), seguida de infección (17,2%) y exacerbación de neumopatía crónica (16,3%). La clasificación clínica de la descompensación fue Stevenson B en 335 (92,7%) pacientes, Stevenson C en 20 (5,5%) y Stevenson L en 6 (1,6%). La mediana de hospitalización fue 6 días (4-9 días). 30 pacientes (8,3%) fallecieron, 50% por infecciones asociadas a la descompensación cardiaca y 20% por síndrome coronario agudo. Conclusión: Se hallaron similitudes con estudios internacionales, pero mayor mortalidad vinculada principalmente a infección como factor precipitante de descompensación. Se caracterizaron factores desencadenantes y etiología, datos útiles en la práctica clínica. Hubo alta carga de comorbilidades, cuya descompensación impactó de manera significativa en la agudización de la falla cardiaca. El subgrupo con fracción de eyección intermedia presentó particularidades que ameritan mayor caracterización. Abstract: Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of adults with acute heart failure admitted to a University Hospital. Method: A retrospective, descriptive cohort study conducted by reviewing the medical notes of patients over 18 years-old and admitted between July and December 2015 to a hospital in Medellin, Colombia. Results: The study included 361 patients with acute heart failure, with a mean age of 76 years, and of whom 193 (53.4%) were women. A reduced ejection fraction (LVEF) was observed in 183 (50.6%) patients, 19 (5.2%) with an intermediate LVEF, and 148 (40.9%) with normal LEVF. The pharmacological treatment prior to admission included angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors / angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA2) in 253 (70%) patients, a beta-blocker in 212 (58.7%), and spironolactone in 92 (25.4%). The main cause of acute heart failure was the presence of tachy-brady-arrhythmias (17.5%), followed by infection (17.2%), and exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease (16.3%). The clinical classification of the decompensation was Stevenson B in 335 (92.7%) patients, Stevenson C in 20 (5.5%), and Stevenson L in 6 (1.6%). The mean admission time was 6 (4-9) days. There were 30 (8.3%) deaths, 50% due to infections associated with cardiac decompensation and 20% due to acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: Similarities were found with international studies, but there was a higher mortality mainly linked to infection as a decompensation precipitating factor. The triggering factors and aetiology are presented, which are useful data in clinical practice. There was a high level of comorbidities, and their decompensation had a significant impact on the exacerbation of heart failure. The sub-group with the intermediate ejection fraction had features that require further characterisation. Palabras clave: Insuficiencia cardiaca aguda, Mortalidad, Factores de riesgo, Keywords: Acute heart failure, Mortality, Risk factor

Comprehensive rehabilitation and job reintegration of people with severe mental illness in a Latin American country: REINTEGRA study protocol

Abstract Background Despite the increasing use of comprehensive rehabilitation models for people with severe mental illness (SMI), there are still limitations to their implementation and replicability in a consensual way, particularly in Latin American countries. The REINTEGRA program aims to be a standardized model of comprehensive rehabilitation focused on psychosocial and cognitive improvement through a set of interventions on different areas of people’s functionality, with the goal of reintegrating people with SMI into the labour market. In this paper we summarize the protocol for its subsequent implementation in a mental health institution in Mexico. Method The protocol is based on a quasi-experimental, prospective longitudinal study, with a pragmatic or naturalistic control group. It will be carried out in three phases. Phase 1 consists of a series of interventions focused on psychosocial improvement; Phase 2 focuses on cognitive and behavioral improvement treatments; and Phase 3 targets psychosocial recovery through rehabilitation and reintegration into the labour market. The overall procedure will be monitored with standarized evaluations at different stages of the program. Discussion This study presents a model of integral rehabilitation of people with SMI. At the moment, one of the obstacles to overcome is the organization and procedural control of the different actors needed for its implementation (nurses, psychologists, doctors, companies, institutions, etc.). REINTEGRA will be the first comprehensive rehabilitation model that includes systematized procedures for job reinsertion for people with SMI in Mexico, which aims to be a standardized tool of easy adaptation and the replicability for other mental health centers and institutions

Sociodemographic and clinical profile of a population with acute heart failure: MED-ICA cohort

Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of adults with acute heart failure admitted to a University Hospital. Method: A retrospective, descriptive cohort study conducted by reviewing the medical notes of patients over 18 years-old and admitted between July and December 2015 to a hospital in Medellin, Colombia. Results: The study included 361 patients with acute heart failure, with a mean age of 76 years, and of whom 193 (53.4%) were women. A reduced ejection fraction (LVEF) was observed in 183 (50.6%) patients, 19 (5.2%) with an intermediate LVEF, and 148 (40.9%) with normal LEVF. The pharmacological treatment prior to admission included angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors / angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA2) in 253 (70%) patients, a beta-blocker in 212 (58.7%), and spironolactone in 92 (25.4%). The main cause of acute heart failure was the presence of tachy-brady-arrhythmias (17.5%), followed by infection (17.2%), and exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease (16.3%). The clinical classification of the decompensation was Stevenson B in 335 (92.7%) patients, Stevenson C in 20 (5.5%), and Stevenson L in 6 (1.6%). The mean admission time was 6 (4-9) days. There were 30 (8.3%) deaths, 50% due to infections associated with cardiac decompensation and 20% due to acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: Similarities were found with international studies, but there was a higher mortality mainly linked to infection as a decompensation precipitating factor. The triggering factors and aetiology are presented, which are useful data in clinical practice. There was a high level of comorbidities, and their decompensation had a significant impact on the exacerbation of heart failure. The sub-group with the intermediate ejection fraction had features that require further characterisation. © 2018 Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascula