Comparison of α, β and total ODAP (β-N-oxalyl-L-ά,β- diamino propionic acid) contents in winter- and springsown grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) genotypes

There is a strong relationship between the consumption of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and “lathyrism” disease caused by a neurotoxin, β-N-oxalyl-L-a,β-diaminopropionoc acid called ODAP or BOAA. The objective of this study was to compare α, β and total ODAP found in grasspea genotypes sown in winter and spring seasons during 2007/08 and grown under rainy conditions in semi-arid regions of Turkey. Biochemical compounds of α, β and total ODAP were found to be higher in springsown grass peas than those of winter-sown ones. Grasspea 452, 508 and 519 genotypes had lower β- ODAP levels in winter- and spring-sown.Key words: Grasspea, α-ODAP, β-ODAP: 3-(-N-oxalyl)-L-2,3-diamino propionic acid

Fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity of Myrtus (Myrtus communis L.)

In this study, the antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of Myrtus communis L (EEMC) of fruit, seed, and peel were investigated by different antioxidant methods including free radical scavenging activities of DPPH and ABTS radicals, and ferric reducing power. Antioxidant activity results of EEMC were studied by spectrophotometer and results were compared with BHA, BHT and Trolox as the positive control. Besides tests total phenolic compound amounts were determined in the studied parts of Myrtus. In addition, the fatty acid composition of seed and peel were also determined by gas chromatography equipped flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). The scavenging effects of EEMC parts and standards on DPPH radical at 40 μg/mL concentration decreased in the order of Trolox>Seed>BHA>BHT>Fruit>Peel and were designated as 87.77, 83.77, 82.94, 63.60, 15.36 and 8.79%. DPPH free radical scavenging activities of seed EEMC at 40 μg/mL concentration were found higher than other parts (peel and fruit) and BHA, BHT. The scavenging effects of EEMC parts and standards on ABTS cation radical at 10 μg/mL concentration decreased in the order of Trolox=BHA>Seed>BHT>Peel>Fruit and were found as 92.7, 92.7, 92.6, 92.4, 78.3 and 71.7%. However, the values were not statistically significant. Reducing power activity of EEMC parts and standards were in the following order: BHT >BHA>Seed>Trolox>Fruit>Peel. Total phenolic compound amount were found for peel, fruit and seed as 8.66 mgGAE/g extract, 37.74 mgGAE/g extract, 251.93 mgGAE/g extract, respectively. Fatty acid composition for peel and seed samples were found as 13.5, 15.8, 61.1 and 9.79, 10.38, 75.5% for oleic acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acids, respectively. In conclusion, the fruit, seed, and peel ethanol extracts of Myrtus (Myrtus communis L.) exhibit high antioxidant activity and are composed of high amounts of phenolic compounds. Therefore, these products easily can be used as natural antioxidant sources for human health and may be preferred instead of synthetic antioxidants in public health or the food industry. The highest amounts of fatty acids in peels and seeds were linoleic acid and the lowest was also γ-linolenic acid and α-linolenic acid in both parts

Variation in essential oil composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) varieties cultivated in two different ecologies

WOS: 000413854600008Coriander, Coriandrum sativum L, is an important medicinal plant belonging to Apiaceae family, which is grown in many parts of Turkey. In this study, essential oil and composition of 6 Turkish coriander cultivars (Gamze, Arslan, Erbaa, Pelmus, Kudret, Gurbuz) were examined in two different (Mardin and Tokat) ecologies. Essential oils were isolated with distillation method in maturated fruits and component composition was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Main component was linalool in all cultivar, and it was higher in the conditions of Mardin having a warmer climate in all the cultivars than that of Tokat with temperate climate. Contrary to linalool, -pinene and neryl acetate contents of all cultivar were higher in Tokat

Antioxidant activity of an anatolian herbal tea—Origanum minutiflorum: isolation and characterization of its secondary metabolites

Origanum species are significant aromatic and medicinal plants used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Isolation of bioactive compounds was executed on n-butanol extract to yield the compounds responsible for the activities. Tricosan-1-ol (1), (8E,16E)-tetracosa-8,16-diene-1,24-diol (2), azepan-2-one (3), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (4), apigenin (5), eriodictyol (6), globoidnan-A (7), luteolin (8), rosmarinic acid (9), apigenin-7-O-glucuronide (10), and vicenin-2 (11) were isolated by chromatographic methods (column chromatography and semi-preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques including 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Liquid chromatography/Time-of-flight/Mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS). The isolated compounds and extracts were applied for antioxidant assays including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) scavenging, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+) scavenging, reducing power, and cuprac techniques. 3,4-Dihydroxy benzoic acid (4), eriodictyol (6), luteolin (8), and rosmarinic acid (9) revealed the considerable antioxidant activities

Bioassay-guided isolation, identification of compounds from <i>Origanum rotundifolium</i> and investigation of their antiproliferative and antioxidant activities

<p><b>Context:</b><i>Origanum</i> (Lamiaceae) has been used in food and pharmaceutical industries.</p> <p><b>Objective:</b> Isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from <i>Origanum rotundifolium</i> Boiss. and investigation of their antiproliferative and antioxidant activities.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> The aerial part of <i>O. rotundifolium</i> was dried and powdered (1.0 kg ±2.0 g) then extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Solvent (3 × 1 L) was used for each extraction for a week at room temperature. The aqueous extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate (3 × 1 L) to yield the water/EtOAc extract subjected to chromatography to isolate the active compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by 1 D, 2 D NMR and LC-TOF/MS.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Apigenin (<b>1</b>), ferulic acid (<b>2</b>), vitexin (<b>3</b>), caprolactam (<b>4</b>), rosmarinic acid (<b>5</b>), and globoidnan A (<b>6</b>) were isolated and identified. Globoidnan A (<b>6</b>), vitexin (<b>3</b>), and rosmarinic acid (<b>5</b>) revealed the excellent DPPH^• scavenging effect with IC₅₀ values of 22.4, 31.4, 47.2 μM, respectively. Vitexin (<b>3</b>) (IC₅₀ 3.6), globoidnan A (<b>6</b>) (IC₅₀ 4.6), apigenin (<b>1</b>) (IC₅₀ 8.9) and ferulic acid (<b>2</b>) exhibited more ABTS^•+ activity than standard Trolox (IC₅₀ 13.8 μg/mL). Vitexin (<b>3</b>) revealed the most antiproliferative activity against HeLa, HT29, C6 and Vero cells lines with IC₅₀ values of 35.6, 32.5, 41.6, 46.7 (μM), respectively.</p> <p><b>Discussion and conclusion:</b> Globoidnan A (<b>6</b>) has the most antioxidant effects on all assays. This has to do with the chemical structure of the compound bearing the acidic protons. Vitexin (<b>3</b>) could be a promising anticancer agent.</p

Isolation and identification of a new neo-clerodane diterpenoid from <i>Teucrium chamaedrys</i> L.

<div><p><i>Teucrium chamaedrys</i> L. is an aromatic and medicinal plant used as traditional medicine. Aerial parts of the plant material were dried and extracted with hexane–dichloromethane (extract 1), ethyl acetate–dichloromethane (extract 2) and methanol–dichloromethane (extract 3) in a ratio of 1:1 at rt successively. The solvents were evaporated to give crude extracts. Extract 1 was suspended in water at 60°C then partitioned successively with hexane and ethyl acetate to give hexane and ethyl acetate portions. After the column chromatography (silica gel) of ethyl acetate extract, one new and four known compounds were isolated. The new compound was named as 1(12<i>S</i>,18<i>R</i>)-15,16-epoxy-2β,6β-dihydroxy-neo-cleroda-13(16),14-dien-20,l2-olide-l8,l9-hemiacetal (teuchamaedryn D) (<b>4</b>). The known compounds were teucrin A (<b>1</b>), dihydroteugin (<b>2</b>), teucroxide (<b>3</b>), syspirensin A (<b>5</b>). The chromatographic methods were also applied for extract 3 to isolate verbascoside (<b>6</b>) and teucrioside (<b>7</b>). The structure of isolated compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including LC-TOF/MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR.</p></div