ANALISIS RISIKO KESEHATAN AKIBAT PAJANAN O3 PADA PEDAGANG DI TERMINAL TAWANG ALUN

Gas buang kendaraan dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan dan lingkungan karena di dalamnya terdapat senyawa seperti NOx dan VOC yang bereaksi dengan bantuan sinar matahari menghasilkan gas ozon (O3). Terminal Tawang Alun merupakan tempat pemberhentian sementara transportasi umum sebagaimana seperti bus antar kota maupun antar provinsi yang dapat menghasilkan gas buang kendaraan. Gas buang dari bus berdampak pada masyarakat sekitar salah satunya para pedagang di Terminal Tawang Alun yang memiliki masa dan lama kerja yang lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan akibat paparan ozon (O3) pada pedagang di Terminal Tawang Alun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional study dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan. Pengambilan sampel udara pada penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga titik area terminal menggunakan alat spektrofotometer. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pedagang dalam area Terminal Tawang Alun yang jumlahnya sebanyak 20 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling  sebanyak 20 orang pedagang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil penentuan risiko kesehatan menggunakan metode ARKL didapatkan bahwa pajanan ozon secara inhalasi secara realtime maupun lfetime pada individu maupun populasi sebesar RQ ? 1. Tingkat risiko pajanan ozon secara inhalai secara realtime dan lfetime pada pedagang di Terminal Tawang Alun masih aman. 

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LILI PARIS (CHLOROPHYTUM COMOSUM VARIEGATUM) DALAM MENYERAP FORMALIN DI RUANGAN

Paparan gas formaldehyde dalam ruangan dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan seperti iritasi, vertigo, dan bersifat karsinogenik, tumorogenik, sitotoksik. Sumber formaldehyde dalam ruangan yaitu cat tembok, cat kuku, dan alat makan melamin. Jumlah yang signifikan dari melamin dan formaldehyde dilepaskan dari pembelian melaware di pasar Denmark untuk stimulasi makanan pada suhu 70oC dan 95oC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan tanaman lili paris (Chlorophytum comosum V.) dalam menyerap polutan gas formaldehyde sebesar 0,6 mg/m3 di ruangan. Metode penelitian ini adalah True Experimental Design dengan bentuk penelitian pretest-postest control group design. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap dua kelompok acak, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran untuk mengetahui kondisi awal sebelum diberi perlakuan dan pengukuran setelah diberikan perlakuan. Pengulangan dilakukan sebanyak 24 kali berdasarkan rumus RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). Pengukuran gas formaldehyde dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat UNI-T A25F PM 2,5 Meter. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini diolah menggunakan uji One Way Anova. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa container yang tidak diberi tanaman lili paris tidak terjadi penurunan konsentrasi formaldehyde, sedangkan container yang diberi tanaman lili paris terjadi penurunan konsentrasi formaldehyde. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penurunan konsentrasi formaldehyde tertinggi terdapat pada container dengan jumlah tanaman lili paris terbanyak yaitu berisi 3 tanaman atau container P3 dibandingkan dengan container P1 dan P2 yang hanya berisi satu dan dua pot tanaman lili paris. Satu pot tanaman lili paris mampu menurunkan konsentrasi formaldehyde sebesar 0,4 ppm. Kesimpulannya tanaman lili paris mampu menurunkan polutan gas formaldehyde di ruangan dan cocok diletakkan dalam ruangan dengan konsentrasi formaldehyde lebih dari 0,06 ppm

Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan, Perilaku Pengendalian Jentik dan Nyamuk, dan Kepadatan Penduduk dengan Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Jember (Relationship of Environmental Sanitation, Mosquito and Larva Control Behavior, and Population De

Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Indonesia which has the number of sufferers always be increase and spread more widely. East Java is one dengue endemic areas. One of the districts in East Java that dengue endemic is Jember. The number of dengue cases continued to increase from year 2008 to 2012. In 2010 an outbreak (KLB) with the number of case is 1.494 and the incident rate is 62 per 100.000 poppulation. This study aim to describe environmental sanitation, mosquito and larva control (PJN) behavior, and population density. Beside there to analyze the relationship between environmental sanitation, mosquito and larvae control behavior, and population density with dengue haemorhagic fever in Jember. The Method is observational research use a cross sectional design. Test analysis use the association of asymmetry lambda and association somers’d. The results and conclution of the study showed the environmental sanitation and PJN behavior in the middle category. Based on statistic test showed that there was no significant relationship between environmental sanitation (ñ=0,483), mosquito and larva control behavior (ñ=0,157), and population density (ñ=0,500) with DHF incidence in Jember. Keywords: DHF, Environmental Sanitation, Mosquito Control, Population Density

Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Sisa Klor (Cl2) pada ZAMP Perumda Air Minum Tugu Tirta Kota Malang

Zona Air Minum Prima (ZAMP) drinking water produced by the Perumda Air Minum Tugu Tirta Kota Malang can be consumed through taps directly from people's homes or ZAMP ready-to-drink water taps in public facilities. One of the processing processes is by adding chlorine gas to ZAMP water so that if the water consumed by the community is not processed further, there will be residual chlorine that enters the human body. The aim of this study is to analize the health risk due to residual chlorine that enters the human body. This descriptive study examined ZAMP water samples located in 9 public facilities in Sawojajar Malang. The residual chlorine was determined with laboratory test and analyzed with Enviromental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA). The result showed that the average residual chlorine content in ZAMP drinking water is 0.00611 mg/l, with a maximum value of 0.2 mg/L and a minimum of 0.001 mg/L. Risk characterization in the population shows that the risk of residual chlorine through ingestion is less than one (RQs < 1) both in adult and the children's category. There was no risk of exposure to residual chlorine contained in ZAMP within the next 30 years. Efforts to manage the risk of residual chlorine from exposure to residual chlorine in drinking water of ZAMP Perumda Water Drinking Tugu Tirta Malang City are not needed

Pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Merkuri (Hg) Limbah Cair Pada Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (PETI) The Use of Eichornia Crassipes to Reduce Mercury (Hg) Levels on Liquid Waste in Illegal Gold Mines

Nowadays emerge event about global worried will have negative effect from highereconomic development to our environment that causes to develop of industry, one ofthem is Illegal Gold Mines industry. This industry very close with environment problembecause it outcomes is waste that consists of high metal, one of them contains mercury(Hg). The preliminary study was done in village sumberagung, pesanggaran,banyuwangi by first Hg value is 0,038 mg/L over environment quality reciprocal. Thealternative of waste processing was by using Eichornia crassipes. The purpose of thisresearch to know the differences of liquid waste Hg value before and after usingEichornia crassipes. This reserach experimental with True Eksperimental Design. Thisresearch have control group with treatment as reserach independent variable. Controlgroup is a group without using Eichornia crassipes, first group (X1) is a group that usingEichornia crassipes with weight 300 gr/L, second group (X2) is a group that usingEichornia crassipes with weight 400 gr/L, third group (X3) is a group that using Eichorniacrassipes with weight 500 gr/L. Analysis of the data using one way anova test. Thisresearch result with signifikasi 0,05, there is significant differences between that fourthexperiment group. The most effective to reduce Hg value is the third group treatment(X3) by using hyacinth with weight 500 gr/L.Keywords : Illegal Gold Mines, Eichornia crassipes, Mercury (Hg

Praktik Higiene Personal dan Keberadaan Bakteri Escherichia coli Pada Tangan Penjual Petis (Studi di Pasar Anom Kecamatan Sumenep Kabupaten Sumenep) Personal Hygiene Practice and Existence of Escherichia coli Bacteria In Fish Paste Seller’s Hand (Study in

Abstract Personal hygiene practices in food processing must be considered as a potential source of food handlers in the transfer of microorganisms that can cause food contamination. Fish Peste is the commodity from the fish processing which is usually used as a side dish or a typical mix of traditional food. On the other hand, fish paste is a food that is served without reheating and directly without the use of tools such as spoons or plastic gloves so it can be potentially contaminated with bacteria such as Escherichia coli. Research is aimed to identify how the personal hygiene practices and the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria on the hands of the fish paste sellers placed in open containers in Anom Market of Sumenep district of Sumenep regency. The research was descriptive with quantitative approach. The sample uses a total sampling of 15 respondents fish paste seller. The results of this study indicate that the practice of personal hygiene, most of the 12 respondents categorized of adequate personal hagiene practices, among others from contagious diseases, nails and hands hygiene, hair hygiene, clothing hygiene, wash hands thoroughly, and use tools when handling food. From the results of laboratory test, the samples hands of fish paste seller there were 3 respondents were positive presence of Escherichia coli.  Keywords: Personal Higyene Practice, Fish Paste, and Escherichia coli Bacteria &nbsp

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum) SEBAGAI REPELLENT LALAT RUMAH (Musca domestica)

Lalat masih menjadi permasalahan hingga saat ini. Habitat lalat yang berada di lingkungan kotor menjadikan lalat sebagai vektor penyakit yang dapat menginfeksi manusia. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pencegahan dan pengendalian dengan menggunakan insektisida. Salah satu potensial insektisida nabati adalah bawang putih (Allium sativum) karena adanya senyawa yang bersifat racun bagi serangga seperti minyak asiri yang mencapai 0,5 v/b, serta adanya senyawa lain seperti alisin, alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, dan saponin yang bersifat racun bagi serangga. Hasil screening fitokimia menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bawang putih terdeteksi mengandung minyak asiri. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan True Experiment dan desain penelitian Post Test Only Control Group Designs. Ada lima kelompok perlakuan dalam penelitian ini, konsentrasi 0% (kontol), 5%, 7,25%, 10%, dan 12,5%. Pengamatan dilakukan selama satu jam. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dengan α=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlah lalat yang hinggap pada umpan yang berupa udang karena nilai P=0,001, dan efektivitas bawang putih linear artinya semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan maka semakin besar efektivitas ekstrak. Efektivitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi 12,5% dengan efektivitas sebesar 54%. Ekstrak bawang putih dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif insektisida yang ramah lingkungan dan mudah terurai karena terbukti dapat digunakan sebagai insektisida, khususnya lalat rumah

Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Dengan Risk Agent Total Suspended Particulate di Kawasan Industri Kota Probolinggo (Environmental Health Risk Assessment With Risk Agent Total Suspended Particulate In Industrial Area Probolinggo)

The increase of economic development has made the industrialization and transportation became higher and they has been contributed to the increased of air pollution, include the Total Suspended Particulates (TSP). This research used descriptive methods with the purpose of analyzing the risk from risk agent for people who live in Rusunawa Bayuangga. A total of 70 samples age over 18 years were subjected to anthropometric surveys for body weight and particulate exposure. Data was collected by interview and direct measurement. Ambient air samples was taken just one point in resident ares and two points in industrial area with a moment method using a High Volume Air Sampler. The results were concentration of Total Suspended Particulate are between 0,0734 - 0.24 mg/m3. Exposure assessment revealed that TSP intake was safe since the calculated were under maximal intake 0,0082 mg/kg/day. Based on risk characterization result, it can be concluded that level of total risk was less than unity so it implies that in those area was safe for daily activities but there was a possibility of non-carcinogenic risk after exposure for 10 years (RQ ≥ 1). The advices of this research is planting of crops that can reducing the concentration of pollutants in the air such as Kembang sepatu, Tanjung and Kiara Payung. Keywords: Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Total Suspended Particulat

Penggunaan Serbuk Buah Pare (Momordicha charantia L) Terhadap Kematian Larva Aedes aegypti

Dengue Fever is a disease that has the higher patients in Indonesia. The disease caused by the dengue virus that transmitted by one of Aedes aegypti mosquito which usually sucks human blood. The aim of the research is to analyze the average difference of Aedes aegypti larvae death without treatment (0 g/L) and give the treatment (1.3 g/L, 1.5 g/L, 1.7 g/L). This is the True experimental research with Posttest only control design. The sample is 10 Aedes aegypti larvae instar III for each treatment so total totals 240 tail of larvae. The sampling technique is using simple random sampling because the populations are homogenous. Data were collected through by observation of larvae that died for 24 hours then analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test and continued with Post Hoc test with 5% significance level. The results showed that in the control group, the mortality of larvae at concentration 0 g/L and 1.3 g/L was not significant because p> 0,05 so statistically there was no difference of average death of Aedes aegypti larvae with the concentration. It is because of the low supply of Momordica charantia L  powder. While the concentration of 1.5 g/L and 1.7 g/L based on statistic are significant because the value of p<0.05 so that there are differences in the average death of Aedes aegypti larvae. The factor that significant be the predictors of larvae mortality is a high of the powder and duration of observation. More pare powder are given and the length of the observation so the mortality rate of the larvae is higher. So the pare powder is statistically effective start on a concentration of 1.5 g/L and 1.7 g/L with an observation time of 12 hours and 24 hours. Keywords: Concentration, time, Momordica charantia L

Keberadaan Bakteri Eschericia Coli dan Coliform pada Sumur Gali dan Bor Rumah Pemotongan Hewan

Abstract: The Coliform and Escherichia coli in Dug Well Water and Artesian Well. The quality of well water is related to public health problems. One of the causes of contaminated well water due to contamination by microorganisms, such as Coliform and E. coli bacteria. The quality of well water that is potentially polluted is one of the wells dug at the Slaughterhouse. The purpose of this study was to describe the factors related to the presence of Coliform and E. coli bacteria in wells dug in RPH in Jember Regency. This research is a descriptive research. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, measurements, and laboratory tests. Interviews were conducted with the managers of each RPH. Laboratory test results showed that 42% of positive well water contained Coliform bacteria and 75% E. coli bacteria. The construction of dug wells mostly does not meet the physical requirements of wells, the septic tanks do not meet the requirements because some slaughterhouses do not have septic tanks and distances of less than 11 meters, the latrines are mostly in good condition, the SPAL of Jember Regency is mostly in the condition is good, most of the groundwater level in RPH wells in Kabupaten Jember has a height of 1 to 5 meters, all types of soil in RP Jember Regency are of sand soil type, and rainfall is relatively high. The dugs wells contruction and the latrines should be reconstruction to meet the requirement of clean water for increase the public health