Sustainable Development of Tajikistan: Perspectives for Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO)

Energy efficiency is one the most pressing objectives of the XXI century. Energy efficiency is an intrinsic part of sustainable development of any country. But it is especially crucial for country like Tajikistan, which has an inefficient energy use pattern as a result of the legacy of Soviet era. Energy resources required for economic development can be obtained not only through increased extraction of raw materials, but also through improved energy efficiency at the demand side. Tajikistan imports about 35 percent of its energy needs, which makes the country extremely energy-dependent. That leads to an obvious inference that for Tajikistan to get on a sustainable development path, it is highly important to improve its energy efficiency and increase its energy security. The biggest energy consumer in Tajikistan is the Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO). According to the World Bank Energy Audit estimates from 2012, TALCO is the single largest power end-user in the country, which consumes 39 percent of total electricity generated. This research will explore the energy efficiency potential of TALCO. The research will use a core set of Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development (EISD) developed by UNDESA, the IEA, Eurostat and the European Environment Agency (EEA) to measure selected aspects of production and use of energy in TALCO. In particular, the research will focus on two of three dimensions of the EISD: Economic and Environmental dimensions. The objective of the research is to define the progress or the lack of progress towards sustainable development in Tajikistan. The research will provide information on current energy-related trends in the selected country and will attempt to provide a set of recommendation on alternatives and strategies to promote efficient and sustainable energy development

Artroplastia biconvexa da articulação têmporo-mandibular comparando a eficiência do metilmetacrilato autopolimerizável com o compósito autopolimerizável em ovelhas ? Resultados Preliminares

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Artroplastia biconvexa da articulação têmporo-mandibular comparando a eficiência do metilmetacrilato autopolimerizável com o compósito autopolimerizável em ovelhas ? Resultados Preliminares

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AVALIAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DE CÃES COM NEOPLASIAS ORAIS ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL DE CLÍNICAS VETERINÁRIAS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE DOGS WITH ORAL TUMORS ATTENDED IN THE VETERINARY HOSPITAL OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Os tumores orais em cães representam cerca de 6% de todas as neoplasias dessa espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo epidemiológico dos cães com tumores orais atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul durante o período de julho de 2003 a julho de 2007. Realizou-se a pesquisa nos arquivos do Laboratório de Histopatologia e nas fichas clínicas dos animais, para avaliação de dados como raça, sexo, idade e o tipo histológico dos tumores. Procedeu-se à análise de 79 cães, dentre os quais 39 (49,37%) eram machos e 40 (50,63%) eram fêmeas, com idades variando entre um e dezesseis anos (média de 7,7 anos). Os cães mais acometidos foram os sem raça definida, com dezesseis casos (19,76%), seguido pela raça Poodle, com doze casos (14,82%). As neoplasias malignas representaram 50,63% dos casos e as benignas 49,37%%. Os tumores mais comumente encontrados foram o melanoma e o épulis acantomatoso, com dezenove casos cada (23,46%), seguidos pelo fibrossarcoma e o épulis fibromatoso, com nove casos cada (11,11%), plasmocitoma com oito casos (9,88%), ameloblastoma com quatro casos (4,94%), carcinoma epidermoide e osteossarcoma com três casos cada (3,7%). Por meio deste estudo, verificou-se que os tumores malignos apresentam uma maior incidência, e os tipos histológicos mais frequentes foram o melanoma, o fibrossarcoma, o épulis acantomatoso e fibromatoso.<br /> <br />PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Câncer, cães, tumores orais. Oral tumors reach about 6% of all the neoplasm in dogs. The objective of this research was to form an epidemiological study on dogs with oral tumors that have been treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal University of rio Grande do Sul from July 2003 to July 2007. The research was conducted within the archives of the histopathology laboratory, using the animals’ clinical files, in which they had been categorized by breed, sex, age and the tumors’ histology.  Among the total 79 dogs analyzed, 39 (49.37%) were male and 40 (50.63%) were female. The age range of the dogs spanned from 1 to 16 years, with the average age being 7.7 years. Regarding the types of dogs which were affected by tumors, the most, 16 (19.76%), were mixed breed, followed by the poodle, with 12 cases (14.82%). Malignant neoplasms were found in 50.63% of the cases, and benign neoplasms in 49.37% of the cases. The most common tumors found was the melanoma and acanthomatous epulis with 19 cases each (23.46%), followed by fibrosarcoma and fibrous epulis with 9 cases each (11.11%), plasmocytoma with 8 cases (9.88%), ameloblastoma with 4 cases (4.94%), squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma with 3 cases each (3.7%). Ultimately, this study indicates that malignant tumors were more prevalent than benign, and that the most common histological types of tumors were melanoma, fibrosarcoma, acanthomatous epulis and fibrous epulis.<br /><br />KEY WORDS: Cancer, dogs, oral tumors.<br /&gt