What Drives Foundation Expenses & Compensation? Results of a Three-Year Study, Highlights

This brief presents key findings from the latest report of the Foundation Expenses and Compensation Project—the first large-scale, longterm, systematic study of independent, corporate, and community foundations' expense and compensation patterns and the factors behind them. Documenting the varying characteristics of the 10,000 largest U.S. grantmaking foundations, the study finds these differences—including foundation type, size, and operating activities—essential for understanding foundation finances. Not surprisingly, hiring staff and taking on staff-intensive activities raise charitable administrative expenditures relative to charitable distributions, while relying on unpaid board and family members and engaging in less-staff-intensive activities lower them. Most foundation operations, however, are somewhere between these poles

A Near-Infrared L Band Survey of the Young Embedded Cluster NGC 2024

We present the results of the first sensitive L band (3.4 micron) imaging study of the nearby young embedded cluster NGC 2024. Two separate surveys of the cluster were acquired in order to obtain a census of the circumstellar disk fraction in the cluster. From an analysis of the JHKL colors of all sources in our largest area, we find an infrared excess fraction of > 86%. The JHKL colors suggest that the infrared excesses arise in circumstellar disks, indicating that the majority of the sources which formed in the NGC 2024 cluster are currently surrounded by, and likely formed with circumstellar disks. The excess fractions remain very high, within the errors, even at the faintest L magnitudes from our deeper surveys suggesting that disks form around the majority of the stars in very young clusters such as NGC 2024 independent of mass. From comparison with published JHKL observations of Taurus, we find the K - L excess fraction in NGC 2024 to be consistent with a high initial incidence of circumstellar disks in both NGC 2024 and Taurus. Because NGC 2024 represents a region of much higher stellar density than Taurus, this suggests that disks may form around most of the YSOs in star forming regions independent of environment. We find a relatively constant JHKL excess fraction with increasing cluster radius, indicating that the disk fraction is independent of location in the cluster. In contrast, the JHK excess fraction increases rapidly toward the central region of the cluster, and is most likely due to contamination of the K band measurements by bright nebulosity in the central regions of the cluster. We identify 45 candidate protostellar sources in the central regions of the NGC 2024 cluster, and find a lower limit on the protostellar phase of early stellar evolution of 0.4 - 1.4 X 10^5 yr, similar to that in Taurus.Comment: 37 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, To appear in the Astronomical Journa

Considerations and strategies for incorporating lived experience in mental health research

Introduction: Incorporating lived experience in mental health research deserves special focus due to the unique stigma faced by those with lived experience and the unique gap between the experience and expression of mental health struggle.https://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2023/1029/thumbnail.jp

Poverty In The United States: A Continuing And Growing Problem

In recent years, the ability to deal with the problem of poverty in the US, in light of the new “Federalism,” is an area of interest to scholars. The poverty rate over the past 50 years has fluctuated from a high of 22.4% in 1959 to a low of 11.1% in 1973. Under George Bush’s presidency, we again see an increase in the poverty rate to 12.7% in 2004. This paper provides an overview of poverty data for the 21st century, by region, race and age.  A discussion and comparison of median household income follows. Facts and figures are then provided/compared, tying in health care issues to income levels and citizenship/ethnicity. A brief introduction of the various attempts over the past years by the federal government to reduce the proportion of the American population that falls below the poverty line follows.  This section merely provides a listing of programs designed to satisfy social and equity considerations.  This paper does not provide the reader with the impact of these programs on the economy; a brief mention is provided to generate further thought and discussion.  The paper concludes with a summary of key elements of the above issues. The sole purpose is to provide an overview of historical data as concerns poverty, median household income and health insurance coverage. The ability to deal with the problem of poverty in the U S, is left for another paper

An Update and Report Failure of Surgical Syndactyly Repair in Harlequin Ichthyosis.

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare congenital skin disorder caused by irregular epidermal differentiation. Syndactyly in HI is associated with thick hyperkeratotic skin flexion and angulation deformity of the hand and fingers resulting in limited function of the upper extremity. Traditional syndactyly release is limited as full-thickness skin grafts typically used in reconstruction are composed of diseased skin and require donor sites in a patient predisposed for adverse wound healing. This case report is a follow-up to a previous viewpoint written about digital escharotomies in a newborn with HI and outlines a second and fourth webspace syndactyly release with a dermal substitute. Despite early evidence of adequate release and improved hand function, recurrence of syndactyly was observed within 4 months of surgical release. Our experience described within this case report may suggest the limitations and possible alternatives of surgical release of syndactyly in the HI population

Análisis de la imagen urbana como regenerador del espacio público en el malecón Eguiguren, Piura 2022

En el distrito de Piura, específicamente en el centro histórico se encuentra el malecón Eguiguren, se realizó la presente investigación con el objetivo de determinar los factores que permiten la regeneración de la imagen urbana del malecón Eguiguren, la metodología que se utilizó tiene un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo básico y diseño fenomenológico, teniendo como escenario de estudio él malecón Eguiguren, en la cual se aplicó como instrumentos fichas de observación y entrevistas semiestructuradas las cuales fueron validadas por especialistas en él tema, el resultado arrojo que este actualmente está abandonado por desinterés de la población y autoridades, convirtiendo al espacio donde se desechan residuos sólidos, contaminando el medio ambiente, asimismo es un lugar inseguro por la falta de transitabilidad por las características que presenta. Los factores entorno visual, espacial, social, ambiental de cierta manera son fundamental para la regeneración de la imagen urbana del malecón, se concluyó que el análisis de la imagen urbana será esencial en el planteamiento de la regeneración urbana para el malecón Eguiguren a través de sus factores que permitirán tener un espacio público vital con un adecuado tratamiento paisajístico que genere el turismo y beneficie a la ciudad

THE ROLE OF BROCA’S AREA IN SYNTAX: A TMS STUDY ON WRITTEN GREEK LANGUAGE

A number of recent papers have addressed the potential of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to interfere with linguistic processes or speech production. In this paper we present an experiment with TMS to clarify the role of Broca’s area in syntactic processing. An experimental paradigm contrasted sentences that require syntactic and semantic decisions on written Greek language. We found a clue of selective priming effects on syntactic decisions but not on semantic decisions. Our results provide evidence of the involvement of Broca’s area in syntax