Modelling the Hydrodynamics of the Patos Lagoon, Brazil

Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/679 on 13.20.2017 by CS (TIS)The Patos Lagoon, the largest choked coastal lagoon in the world, is a typical centre of population, commerce, industry and recreation, and consequently it is also a site for disposal of industrial, agricultural and municipal wastes. Important questions concerning beneficial uses of and potential changes to the lagoon and its estuary are left unanswered without a good understanding of hydrodynamic processes. The current study involves the choice, calibration and application of a numerical model which can be used in future hydrodynamic. sediment transport and water quality studies in the area. The two- and three-dimensional modes of the TELEMAC System were chosen to study the hydrodynamics of the Patos Lagoon. In order to calibrate the TELEMAC-2D model for the lagoon, measurements of salinity, current speed and direction, water elevation and wind speed and direction were carried out simultaneously at three stations in the estuarine area during three days. The model validation was carried out against an independent data set from the 1998 El Nino event. Several two-dimensional simulations were carried out to investigate the main processes controlling the Patos Lagoon hydrodynamics. The model was forced with prescribed river inflow at the top of the lagoon, wind stress at the surface and water elevation at the ocean boundary. The barotropic pressure gradients established between the lagoon and the coastal area as a result of local and remote wind combined with the freshwater discharge, proved to be the main forces controlling the lagoon subtidal circulation, as well as the exchanges between the lagoon and the coast. The local wind dominates the lagoon circulation through the set-up/set-down mechanism of oscillation, whereas the non-local wind drives the circulation in the lower estuary. The entrance channel acts as a filter and strongly reduces tidal and subtidal oscillations generated offshore. Three-dimensional simulations proved to be essential. Studies of the processes involved in the estuarine transverse circulation showed that the wind drives the lateral flow in the shallow areas, whereas in the channel it depends on lateral pressure gradients and channel curvature and geometry. Insights on the estuarine baroclinic circulation indicate the barotropic forces as the main mechanism controlling salt water penetration and salinity structure in the estuary. This study produced valuable information into the forces controlling the circulation of the Patos Lagoon and its estuary. Important issues regarding the capabilities of the TELEMAC System two and three-dimensional modules were explored, producing a valuable tool for further hydrodynamic and sediment transport numerical modelling experiments

Predicting calcium in grape must and base wine by FT-NIR spectroscopy

Calcium content in sparkling wines may not exceed 80 mg/L due to the risk of aggregation with alginate capsules. The high calcium content usually found in wine and must emphasizes the need to develop alternative and appropriate techniques faster and cleaner than atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). To obtain a robust model to predict calcium content, FT-NIR spectroscopy was used in 98 base white wine samples and 60 must samples from an Alentejo winery. The reference method for calcium determination was AAS technique, with a dry ashing sample procedure, as a prior treatment. Results confirmed the ability of FT-NIR as an alternative technique to AAS, to predict calcium content in grape must and base wine. Advance knowledge of the calcium content in the grape must will help avoid obtaining a mixture of musts with a high calcium content in the same container

Estudo comparativo entre a abordagem dorso-vertical e a incisão clássica no flanco para o tratamento dos cálculos renais altos.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 198

Obesity Does Not Interfere with the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Plant Stanol Ester Consumption (as Part of a Heart-Healthy Diet)

Dietary modifications including plant stanol ester consumption are recommended measures to control serum and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations, but obesity can affect their responses. We investigated whether body mass index (BMI) affects serum cholesterol levels during plant stanol (mainly sitostanol) ester consumption. This ad hoc analysis was based on earlier results of a cross-over, randomized controlled trial of postmenopausal women consuming rapeseed oil-based margarine without or with plant stanol ester (3 g plant stanols/day) for seven weeks. We classified the subjects as normal-weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, n = 9, mean 22.6 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2, n = 11, mean 28.4 kg/m2), and recalculated the results, focusing on cholesterol absorption, cholesterol synthesis, and fecal steroid outputs. Serum cholesterol levels were similar in the groups during the control diet. Plant stanol ester reduced serum cholesterol by 0.63 ± 0.19 mmol/L (11%) in normal-weight and by 0.75 ± 0.13 mmol/L (12%) in overweight/obese subjects (p < 0.05 for both), and cholesterol absorption was reduced in both groups. However, relative and dietary cholesterol absorption were more effectively reduced in normal-weight subjects. In conclusion, overweight/obesity did not interfere with the serum cholesterol response to plant stanol ester consumption despite substantial differences in cholesterol metabolism between the groups

Obesity Does Not Interfere with the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Plant Stanol Ester Consumption (as Part of a Heart-Healthy Diet)

Dietary modifications including plant stanol ester consumption are recommended measures to control serum and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations, but obesity can affect their responses. We investigated whether body mass index (BMI) affects serum cholesterol levels during plant stanol (mainly sitostanol) ester consumption. This ad hoc analysis was based on earlier results of a cross-over, randomized controlled trial of postmenopausal women consuming rapeseed oil-based margarine without or with plant stanol ester (3 g plant stanols/day) for seven weeks. We classified the subjects as normal-weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, n = 9, mean 22.6 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2, n = 11, mean 28.4 kg/m2), and recalculated the results, focusing on cholesterol absorption, cholesterol synthesis, and fecal steroid outputs. Serum cholesterol levels were similar in the groups during the control diet. Plant stanol ester reduced serum cholesterol by 0.63 ± 0.19 mmol/L (11%) in normal-weight and by 0.75 ± 0.13 mmol/L (12%) in overweight/obese subjects (p < 0.05 for both), and cholesterol absorption was reduced in both groups. However, relative and dietary cholesterol absorption were more effectively reduced in normal-weight subjects. In conclusion, overweight/obesity did not interfere with the serum cholesterol response to plant stanol ester consumption despite substantial differences in cholesterol metabolism between the groups

Cholesterol reducing and bile-acid binding properties of taioba (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) leaf in rats fed a high-fat diet

AbstractThe consumption of vegetables has been correlated with reduced risk of chronic non-communicable diseases due to the high fiber content and bioactive compounds found in vegetables. The arrowleaf elephant ear (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), which is known in Brazil as taioba, is a common plant in tropical America. Although its leafy portion possesses a high nutritional value, it is not widely consumed and has not been well studied. This study assessed the effect of lyophilised taioba leaf (LTL) as a hypolipidemic and prebiotic agent. Thirty-two Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: group 1 was fed a high-fat diet containing 3.67% (w/w) cellulose (low cellulose — LCEL); group 2 received a high-fat diet supplemented with 10% (w/w) cellulose (CEL); group 3 received a high-fat diet supplemented with 10% (w/w) inulin (INU); and group 4 was fed a high-fat diet supplemented with 28.4% LTL (TAI) to provide 10% (w/w) taioba fiber. The groups were fed their respective diets for 4weeks. The addition of LTL to the diet resulted in reduced weight gain, reduced liver fat, and increased fecal mass and lipid, in addition to higher fecal short chain fatty acid and bile salt concentrations, compared to the LCEL group. Additionally, only the TAI group exhibited a lower serum cholesterol concentration and a higher body ash content (p<0.05) than the LCEL group. Both the high bile salt binding capacity and high fermentability of LTL suggest that this plant may have a protective effect against cardiovascular diseases and bowel cancer

Configurações do presente: crítica e mito nas antologias de poesia

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2009O presente trabalho realiza a leitura de seis antologias de poesia brasileira, publicadas entre os anos de 1997 e 2006, para pensar a configuração da #cena# ou do #panorama# da poesia desse período. Dedicadas a reunir a produção poética dos anos 90 em diante, essas publicações são um procedimento crítico de leitura constituído através do corte e da montagem, do acúmulo e da exclusão, de forma que estão próximas da coleção e do arquivo. Nesse conjunto de objetos, aponto para a coincidência da forma empregada, para a ênfase na referência temporal ao presente e para a recorrência dos termos #pluralidade# e #parcialidade# nos textos que acompanham as reuniões. O discurso da pluralidade e da diversidade de tendências para caracterizar a poesia se aproxima do relato mítico e desenha um quadro apaziguado. Se não é possível estabelecer unidade de princípios estéticos como característica desta produção, ao observarmos as antologias podemos verificar que a cena pacífica descrita por seus textos (introduções e posfácios) parece esconder alguns embates e tensões - diferenças que mostram ser mais pessoais do que estéticas. Uma das antologias, contudo, se contrapõe às demais por ser uma publicação virtual, em formato blog, e por não possuir um organizador. Com o blog as escolhas afectivas, por seu título e pelo procedimento que o organiza, fica evidente o caráter afetivo, #pessoal#, que atua na elaboração das reuniões.This thesis makes a critical reading of six anthologies of Brazilian poetry published between 1997 and 2006 in order to reflect on the configuration of this period#s poetical panorama. Devoted to gathering poetic works produced since the 1990s, these publications are a critical reading work based on cutting and assembling, on accumulating and excluding, which makes them stand close to collecting and archiving works. In this body of objects, I make considerations on the similarities in the anthologies# structure, on the emphasis they give to the present time, on their recurrent use of the words #plurality# and #partiality#. Therefore, the discourse of plurality and diversity of trends to characterize poetry approaches the mythical report and draws a harmonizing frame. If it is not possible to claim that there is unity of aesthetical principles in the anthologies, when we observe them we can verify that the peaceful scenery described on their texts (introductions and postfaces) seems to conceal some oppositions and tensions # differences that are more personal than aesthetical. However, there is one anthology that acts in opposition to the others as it is a virtual publication, a blog, and does not have someone responsible for the organization. In the blog, called as escolhas afectivas [the affective choices], its title and structure makes evident the affective, #personal#, aspect that is present in design of its collections

Vida, coisa pra ser dita: envio, metamorfose e (auto)biografia em Paulo Leminski

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014.O presente trabalho realiza uma leitura crítica dos textos de Paulo Leminski para examinar o modo como essa escrita respondeu ao problema do sujeito (tanto do eu que escreve como o do leitor) em sua relação com a vida. Para isso, são analisadas algumas apropriações e reivindicações da obra e da vida do escritor realizadas a partir dos anos 1990 e que nos dizem sobre as condições de uma sobrevivência. Em seguida o estudo se detém sobre os poemas e, com os conceitos de engenho, agudeza, transparência e a relação da poesia com a retórica, é possível perceber que os problemas da expressividade e espontaneidade que marcam a produção poética dos anos 1970 de modo geral, podem ser relacionados ao pensamento pré-moderno, seiscentista, que nos fornece um entendimento diverso sobre o desejo do outro e a comunicabilidade existente nesses textos. Com estudo da biografia, é possível reconhecer o lugar tenso ocupado pelo gênero na cultura ocidental. A análise do procedimento biográfico de Leminski nos mostra uma concepção de tempo para a qual a potência (a possibilidade, o não realizado) é o aspecto fundamental, o que me leva a aproximá-lo ao pensamento benjaminiano da história e à noção de caleidoscópio, pelo movimento e relação com a imagem presente nesses textos. A tese analisa ainda as imagens do sujeito que acompanham e permeiam as publicações, as nomeações realizadas pelo poeta e pela crítica ("cachorro-louco", "samurai malandro", "besta dos pinheirais", entre outros) e os usos póstumos do arquivo fotográfico nas reedições e exposições, que operam para enfatizar uma determinada narrativa da vida. Assim, a hipótese desenvolvida é a de que lemos nesse trabalho menos uma "obra" e mais uma "autobiografia" no sentido que Paul de Man dá ao termo: uma escrita que dá e tira um rosto, que figura e desfigura o sujeito inscrito no texto. Ao mesmo tempo, uma teoria da fotografia é requisitada para entender o questionamento da noção de "verdade do sujeito" e a relação dos textos com uma ideia de "realidade", colocada em discussão no trabalho de escritores, teóricos e fotógrafos no final do século XX. A fotografia também evidencia o desejo e a obsessão pelo sujeito na sociedade contemporânea, e com isso permite realizar uma discussão sobre os modos de ler que acompanham os textos e determinam o lugar a eles destinado.Abstract : The present work proposes a critical reading of Paulo Leminski's texts in order to examine how this writing answered the question of the subject (the self that writes as well the self of the reader) in his relation with life. To achieve this, some appropriations and claims of the writer's work and life realized after the 1990's are analyzed, once they tell about conditions of a survival. Afterwards, the study concentrates on the poems. The concepts of engine, acuity, transparence, and the relation between poetry and rhetoric make possible to perceive that the expressivity and spontaneity problems, that characterize the poetic production of the 1970s in general, may be related with pre-modern, seventeenth-century thought. It provides us a different understanding about the desire of the other and the communicability among this texts. Then, the biography study allows us to recognize the tense space occupied by genre in Western culture. The analysis of Leminski's biographical procedure shows us a conception of time to which potency (the possibility, the non-realized) is the fundamental aspect. This leads me to approximate this procedure to Benjamin's thought on history and to the notion of kaleidoscope, by the movement and the relation with the images presented on this texts. The thesis investigates as well the subject images that come with and permeate the editions, the nominations made by the poet and the critic ("mad dog", "slacker samurai", "pines beast", among others) and the posthumous uses of photographic archive in re-editions and exhibitions, that works in order to emphasize a certain narrative of live. Thus, the developed hypothesis is that it is less a work than an autobiography, in the sense that Paul de Man gives to the term: a writing that gives and take off a face, that figure and disfigure the subject inscribed in the text. Likewise, a photographic theory is required to understand the questioning of the notion of "subject truth" and the relation between the texts and the idea of "reality", called in question in the writers, theorists and photographers works, in the late twentieth century. The photography also puts in evidence the desire and the obsession by the subject in contemporary society, and with that allows us to realize a debate on the modes of reading that come with the texts and determine a place to them

Problemas de salud, de trabajadores de enfermería en ambulatorios, causados por exposición a cargas fisiológicas

Objetivo: Identificar os problemas de saúde gerados na exposição a cargas fisiológicas, o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) dos trabalhadores de enfermagem e o impacto destes na qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de abordagem quanti-qualitativa realizado em um ambulatório de um hospital universitário da cidade de São Paulo. A população foi constituída pelos 19 trabalhadores de enfermagem da unidade. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi o formulário, aplicado pela técnica de entrevista. Resultados: A alta freqüência de exposição dos trabalhadores a cargas fisiológicas (42,1%), associada ao alto IMC (26,3% obesos) é geradora de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados à prática do trabalho, cujo principal sintoma é a dor em diferentes regiões. Também as varizes e os microvasos nas pernas e calosidades nos pés são relatados. Conclusão: Apesar do ambulatório ser considerado "prêmio", os problemas de saúde relatados interferem negativamente na qualidade de vida e trabalho.Objective: To identify health problems among outpatient nursing personnel with high physiological workload and high Body Mass Index (BMI]), and their impact on the nursing personnel quality of life. Methods: A descriptive quantitative-qualitative approach was used. The sample consisted of 22 nursing personnel from an outpatient clinic from a university teaching hospital of São Paulo city. Data was collected though interview using a specific instrument developed for the study. Results: Nursing personnel physiological workload (42.11%) and high BMI (26.32%) were associated with musculoskeletal disorders characterized by pain in different parts of the body, leg varices and microvessels, and foot callosities. Conclusion: Although working at the outpatient clinic is perceived as "a gift," the reported health problems negatively affected the quality of life and the job performance of the nursing personnel.Objetivo: Identificar los problemas de salud, generados por la exposición a cargas fisiológicas, el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), de los trabajadores de enfermería y el impacto de este en la calidad de vida de esos trabajadores. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de abordaje cuantativo y cualitativo realizado en el ambulatorio de un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Sao Paulo. La población fue constituida por los 22 trabajadores de enfermería de la unidad. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue el formulario, aplicado por la técnica que realizó la entrevista. Resultados: La alta frecuencia de exposición de los trabajadores a cargas fisiológicas (42,11%), asociada al alto IMC (26,32% obesos) genera disturbios osteomusculares relacionados a la práctica del trabajo, cuyo principal síntoma es el dolor en diferentes regiones. También, fueron relatados varices y pequeños vasos sanguíneos en las piernas y callosidades en los pies. Conclusión: A pesar de que el ambulatorio es considerado un "premio", los problemas de salud relatados interfieren negativamente en la calidad de vida y trabajo

Anti-biofilm Activity of Antibody Directed Against Surface Antigen Complement Receptor 3-Related Protein-Comparison of Candida Albicans and Candida Dubliniensis

Candida species (spp.) are a part of the normal human microbiota. Candida dubliniensis mostly colonizes the oral cavity and/or respiratory tract (Mahelová and Růžička 2017), especially in HIV-infected individuals (Coleman et al.1997; Sullivan et al.2004; Wahab et al.2014), while Candida albicans is a common inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract and oral cavity (Sardi et al.2013; Höfs, Mogavero and Hube 2016). Candidiasis is the most common global fungal infection (Sardi et al.2013). Candida albicans has been isolated in more than 50% of candidiasis; however, the number of non-albicans spp. able to cause serious candidiasis has increased in recent years (Yapar 2014; Pu et al.2015; Sandhu et al.2017). Although C. dubliniensis is phylogenetically very similar to C. albicans, it differs in some genes, especially those coding for virulence-associated proteins. Candida dubliniensis lacks more than 168 genes characteristic of its ‘yeast-cousin’ C. albicans (Jackson et al.2009), the majority of them encoding proteins related to the yeast-to-hyphae transition, tissue invasion or biofilm development (Moran et al.2004; Jackson et al.2009; Moran, Coleman and Sullivan 2012). Moreover, C. dubliniensis manifests a higher predisposition to develop resistance to fluconazole (Sullivan et al.1995; Moran, Coleman and Sullivan 2012; Jordan et al.2014). On the other hand, both C. albincans and C. dubliniensis are able to form a biofilm (Sullivan et al.2004; Borghi et al.2014). Adherence is the first and most crucial step in biofilm development, and various surface antigens participate in this process (Chaffin 2008; Gow and Hube 2012; Hebecker et al.2014). CR3-RP (complement receptor 3-related protein) is one of the cell surface antigens of Candida spp. with functional and structural similarity to the human complement receptor 3 (CR3) expressed on neutrophils, macrophages and monocytes. CR3-RP has been demonstrated to bind human complement fragment iC3b and to mediate leukocyte diapedesis (Heidenreich and Dierich 1985; Bujdáková et al.1997). Additionally, CR3-RP seems to be an important immunogenic mannoprotein participating in adhesion and biofilm development (Bujdáková et al.2008, 2010). A fragment of CR3-RP was sequenced (DINGGGATLPQ), and according to this sequence, CR3-RP was categorized into the DING protein family (named after DINGGG N termini) (Bujdáková et al.2008; Bernier 2013). Some other surface proteins contributing to biofilm development have been described, such as Eap protein, the Als protein family, the Hwp1 or MP65 proteins (Gomez et al.1996; Nailis et al.2010; Finkel and Mitchell 2011; Araújo, Henriques and Silva 2017). Additionally, antibodies generated after the immunization of animals with some of the above proteins seems to be promising in tools focused on fighting yeast infections (Fujibayashi et al.2009; Mishra, Ali and Shukla 2015; Torosantucci et al.2017). Recent studies showed that antibodies targeting Als3 (Coleman et al.2009), MP65 (De Bernardis et al.2007) or another 42.7 kDa unnamed surface antigen in the Candida cell wall (Mishra, Ali and Shukla 2015) decreased adhesion and biofilm formation