Palestinian Family Unification in Israel: The Limits of Litigation as Means of Resistance

In Israel and elsewhere, res­ist­ance to hege­monic power can never limit itself to the law and legal chan­nels

Representations underlying skill in the discrete sequence production task: effect of hand used and hand position

Various studies suggest that movement sequences are initially learned predominantly in effector-independent spatial coordinates and only after extended practice in effector-dependent coordinates. The present study examined this notion for the discrete sequence production (DSP) task by manipulating the hand used and the position of the hand relative to the body. During sequence learning in Experiment 1, in which sequences were executed by reacting to key-specific cues, hand position appeared important for execution with the practiced but not with the unpracticed hand. In Experiment 2 entire sequences were executed by reacting to one cue. This produced similar results as in Experiment 1. These experiments support the notion that robustness of sequencing skill is based on several codes, one being a representation that is both effector and position dependent

Language style used by moslem figures in speech

Penelitian ini membahas gaya bahasa yang digunakan oleh tokoh-tokoh muslim dalam pidato. Peneliti memilih pidato karena peneliti-peneliti sebelumnya sebagian besar menganalisis gaya bahasa di film, iklan, dan media sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan jenis gaya bahasa dalam ucapan yang digunakan oleh tokoh-tokoh muslim dan untuk mengetahui fungsi gaya bahasa yang digunakan oleh tokoh-tokoh Muslim. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menerapkan desain deskriptif kualitatif. Data diambil dari ucapan dalam video pidato tokoh-tokoh Muslim. Video itu diambil dari YouTube. Teori utama untuk menganalisis data diambil dari buku Martin Joos yang berjudul "The Style of Five Clock". Dalam bukunya, ia menjelaskan lima gaya bahasa, ada gaya Frozen, Formal, Consultative, Casual, Intimate. Peneliti juga menganalisis fungsi bahasa dalam gaya bahasa yang ia temukan menggunakan penjelasan Roman Jakobson. Dalam penjelasan Jakobson ada enam jenis fungsi, ada expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, phatic, dan poetic. Hasil penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis 55 data gaya bahasa dalam ucapan tokoh-tokoh Muslim. Peneliti menemukan gaya formal 36,2%, gaya frozen 30,77%, gaya casual 27,15%, dan gaya consultative 4,43%. Dan juga peneliti menganalisis 45 data fungsi gaya bahasa muncul dalam pidato tokoh-tokoh Muslim. Frekuensi tertinggi adalah fungsi expressive, referential, dan phatic dalam gaya formal Sadiq Khan dengan persentase 22,2%. Berikutnya adalah fungsi expressive, referential, phatic, dan metalinguistic dalam gaya frozen Ahmed Deedat dengan persentase 19,98%. Berikutnya adalah fungsi directive, dan referential dalam gaya formal Ahmed Deedat dengan persentase 13,32%. Diikuti oleh fungsi referential dalam gaya frozen Zakir Naik; fungsi expressive dan referential dalam gaya casual Ahmed Deedat, dengan persentase 11,1%

Economic Boycotts as Harassment: The Threat to First Amendment Protected Speech in the Aftermath of Doe v. Reed

The recent U.S. Supreme Court case of Doe v. Reed called into question the effectiveness and, potentially, the legitimacy of the economic boycott as a tool to counteract the influence of Major Political Players in the electoral process—despite the protection that such boycotts have been afforded historically under the First Amendment. The holding in the case was very narrow: the Court deemed constitutional as a general matter the compelled disclosure of the names of the supporters of a referendum. However, in dicta, the Court acknowledged that disclosure could be subject to an as-applied challenge if there were a reasonable probability that disclosure would subject the signatories to “threats, harassment, or reprisals.” Indeed, included in the plaintiffs’ allegations of retaliation was a fear of economic boycotts. This Note argues that the Court should not allow Major Political Players to use economic boycotts, whether threatened or actual, as a justification for exemptions from disclosure requirements in as-applied challenges. To do so would undermine the fundamental First Amendment goals that are critical to our democracy and that outweigh any competing claims of harassment. First, this Note illustrates how the economic boycott has increasingly become an effective and popular weapon in the arsenal of dissent to counteract the political influence of individuals, large corporations, special interest groups, and issue-based organizations that have access to large accumulations of wealth. Then, this Note reviews key Court rulings on the economic boycott as a protected First Amendment activity and on the establishment of the as-applied challenge and the harassment exemption. It also looks at the existing tension between the Court’s embrace of compelled disclosure and the Court’s protection of anonymous speech. This Note then examines the various opinions in Doe v. Reed and their potential to undermine the speech protection of economic boycotts in the context of elections. It considers how these opinions could have the effect of silencing speech and erecting barriers to dissent, and suggests that Major Political Players should not have the right to seek the protection from disclosure that is intended for politically persecuted groups. Finally, this Note argues that economic boycotts advance the core democratic and First Amendment values of truth-seeking and dissent and, in so doing, trump any disclosure exemptions that Major Political Players may claim

Glucosamine in Osteoarthritis: Effects on Articular Joint Tissues

With the ongoing aging of the population worldwide, osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that will affect increasing numbers of people. In the last decades ‘disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs’ have received considerable interest. Glucosamine (GlcN) is one of the compounds which is claimed to slow down OA progression and to have a beneficial effect on OA-related symptoms when compared to placebo treatment. The general aim of this thesis was to gain more insight into the working mechanism of GlcN in OA. In the first part of the thesis in vitro experiments with different OA models, using the tissue types that can be involved in OA, were performed. In osteoarthritic cartilage it was found that GlcN was able to interfere with mechanisms leading to further cartilage degradation. Restoration of already damaged cartilage by GlcN is not to be expected. It was also shown that adding GlcN to cultures with human OA synovium, led to more hyaluronic acid in vitro. In the second part of the thesis GlcN was administered orally to patients using placebo-controlled methodology, to establish its effects on OA symptoms, and to examine the effects on joint tissue in vivo after a period of GlcN ingestion. It was found that GlcN was not significantly better than placebo in reducing symptoms and progression of hip OA. Considering the effects of oral GlcN on joint tissues in vivo, it appeared that administration of GlcN may have primed the cartilage such, that its sensitivity to adding GlcN in vitro increased

Emotion elicitation as a window on children’s emotion regulation, empathy, and social adaptation

The manner in which children manage their emotional arousal in response to challenging events is crucial for social adaptation and peer relationships (Eisenberg, Spinard, & Eggum, 2010; Saarni, 1999). However, while there is a large literature examining the relation between children’s emotion regulation and their social competencies, there are several conceptual and methodological challenges facing the emotion regulation construct (Cole, Martin, & Dennis, 2004; Thompson, 1994). The studies presented in this thesis use structured emotion elicitation paradigms (emotionally challenging video vignettes) in order to interpret the meaning of children’s behavioural responses to specific situational contexts, within the framework of emotion regulation. In addition, concurrent and longitudinal relations between young children’s emotion regulation and their social adaptation are examined at the time of children’s school entry. Finally, the close conceptual relation between emotion regulation, empathy, and emotion understanding is empirically examined, with an emphasis on the relation between these different measures of children’s emotional competence and their independent and combined impact on social adaptation. Across two separate studies, it was found that children’s behavioural responses were systematically related to their eliciting contexts. In particular, the degree to which children disengaged from emotionally challenging content, and their expressions of worry-concern and empathic sadness, were highly contextually and temporally bound, showing a close correspondence with specific events in the emotion elicitation paradigms. However, despite the close association between children’s behavioural responses and their eliciting contexts, such responses showed impressive individual stability across contexts, as well as across time. Furthermore, there was robust independence across different behavioural domains. The only exception to this pattern was between disengagement and children’s emotional expressions; whereas children expressing higher levels of worry-concern were also observed to express higher levels of disengagement, children expressing empathic sadness expressed lower levels of disengagement. This finding broadly supports the proposal of Eisenberg and Fabes (1992) that well regulated children (i.e., low levels of disengagement) are more likely to be empathic (i.e., express empathic sadness). Examination of relations between children’s behavioural responding and their social adaptation showed that disengagement and affective responding were systematically related to their social competence: children who disengaged from the challenging vignettes most, and expressed worry-concern as opposed to empathic sadness, were more likely to be rated by their teachers as less socially mature and as having higher levels of problem behaviours. Furthermore, these same behaviours also predicted lower levels of peer acceptance. Longitudinally, only children’s disengagement was systematically related to social adaptation. In fact, disengagement, which involves attentional modulation, emerged as a robust, stable and reliable predictor of children’s social competence. Finally, emotion regulation behaviours, empathy, and emotion understanding were simultaneously examined and found to be relatively distinct components of children’s emotion competence. Furthermore, each component of emotional competence made independent contributions to concurrent and, to a lesser extent, longitudinal social competence as rated by both teachers and peers. However, only children’s emotion regulation and affective expressions were related to teacher-rated problem behaviours at both time-points. Overall, the current thesis provides a framework within which to study young school-aged children’s behavioural responses to challenging events, and has demonstrated that these responses make a unique contribution to children’s social adaptation both in Kindergarten and one year later

Analysis and Redesign of I-680 and Mission Boulevard Interchange

The existing four cloverleaf design of the I-680 Mission Boulevard Interchange in Fremont, California, was analyzed at merge, diverge, basic, and weaving freeway segments. After the traffic analysis of all the segments, the critical segment for redesign was the merge segment of I-680 South to Mission Boulevard westbound, due to a failing Level of Service. Over a span of 17 years (2018-2035) a comparison of the current condition and the redesign was executed for crashes, congestion, air pollution, noise, greenhouse gases, and required road facilities and traffic services. The construction costs of the redesign as well as aesthetic, health, disaster mitigation, and environmental impacts were also considered for a life cycle analysis. A concrete was designed for this redesign to maximize sustainability, while keeping strength, and improving early strength gain. The concrete was tested in accordance with ASTM C109 standard. Strength results were recorded at seven days and 28 days

EMANSIPASI WANITA DALAM PANDANGAN REMAJA PUTRI DI JEPARA (SUATU TINJAUAN PSIKOLOGI)

Peran wanita di area publik pada era kini semakin diakui dan kesempatan sudah terbuka lebar bahwa wanita dan laki-laki adalah mitra sejajar yang saling mengisi, menghargai, dan bekerjasama dalam menjalankan peran di bidang pendidikan, sosial, politik, ekonomi, dan teknologi. Emansipasi wanita merupakan perjuangan tentang partisipasi dan pembebasan yang harmonis pada individu atau kelompok antara laki-laki dan wanita agar potensi yang dimiliki dapat berkembang dan berfungsi secara utuh dalam aspek kehidupan tertentu. Remaja putri di Jepara sebagai aset wanita di masa depan harus diarahkan pada aktifitas-aktifitas yang positif terlebih remaja putri di Jepara yang dekat dengan tokoh nasional perjuangan R.A Kartini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami emansipasi wanita dalam pandangan remaja putri di Jepara dalam tinjauan psikologi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri dengan rentang usia 15-21 tahun dan tinggal serta lahir di Jepara. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan wawancara langsung, observasi umum, dan observasi diri (behavioral checklist) yaitu informan mengisi dan memberikan checklist pada pertanyaan yang sudah tersedia sesuai dengan aktifitas sehari-hari yang dilakukan oleh informan. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data induktif deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini data yang diperoleh merupakan data kualitatif yaitu data yang bersifat narasi deskripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Remaja putri di Jepara memiliki pandangan yang positif terhadap emansipasi wanita akan tetapi dalam realisasinya menunjukkan perilaku yang berbeda-beda. Pandangan yang positif ini tidak konsinten atau selaras dengan implementasi perilaku yang ditunjukkan oleh remaja putrid di Jepara. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya disonansi kognitif pada remaja putri di Jepara yang dipengaruhi karena adanya hambatan-hambatan faktor keluarga, budaya, ekonomi, dan pendidikan. Remaja putri di Jepara memandang bahwa peranan wanita berada pada peran domestik dan publik. Peranan mutlak wanita pada wilayah domestik. Selain itu, remaja putri di Jepara memiliki pandangan androgini dan feminin sebagai seorang wanita

An Atypical Presentation of Cystic Echinococcosis

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an infection caused by the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm. CE generally manifests in the liver, but it may present in any organ. These patients often first present to the emergency department. Mortality over 10 years is significant for those who go undiagnosed. We report the case of a 34-year-old patient who immigrated from Yemen six years earlier. She presented with acute onset dysuria, suprapubic pain, and fever. Imaging revealed a primary multicystic mass on the right renal pole with a secondary lesion in the right hepatic lobe. On further investigation, the patient’s serum was positive for echinococcus antibodies