PERFIL DE LOS PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN A URGENCIAS PARA RECAMBIO DE SONDA DE GASTROSTOMIA ENDOSCÓPICA PERCUTÁNEA

La gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea (PEG) consiste en la inserción de una sonda en la cavidad gástrica a través de la pared abdominal anterior, con el fin de permitir una alimentación enteral. La indicación de la colocación de la PEG es la disfagia de cualquier origen, en pacientes en los que el aparato digestivo continúa manteniendo su funcionalidad. La colocación de la PEG, y su primer recambio a los 6 meses, se realiza intrahospitalariamente mediante control endoscópico. La técnica de recambios posteriores es sencilla. La salida del tubo de gastrostomía un problema común, ya sea fortuita o por arrancamiento. El objetivo del estudio es realizar una revisión de los pacientes que acuden a Urgencias por salida de gastrostomía y a los que se realiza recambio de sonda de gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Urgencias de HCU Lozano Blesa por salida de la sonda de PEG durante los años 2016-2017. Se han recogido datos sociodemográficos (edad, sexo y lugar de residencia), antecedentes médicos y causa de la disfagia que originó la indicación de la PEG y lugar de implantación, así como el número de recambios de sonda realizados hasta ese momento y las complicaciones aparecidas desde su colocación. Se han obtienido además, los datos necesarios para calcular el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson, que predice la mortalidad a un año, y se registrará el tiempo de mantenimiento de la PEG y el motivo de la finalización. Por otro lado, se recogió si el cambio pudo realizarse en el servicio de Urgencias o si tuvo que derivarse al Servicio de Endoscopias Digestivas. Mediante el programa SPSS se ha realizado un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Se analizaron 32 pacientes (20 mujeres y 12 hombres) con una edad media de 72,53 años. La principal indicación de la colocación de la PEG fue la causa neurológica en el 75% de los pacientes (y entre ellas, la demencia en mayor número con 14 pacientes), seguidas de las causas neoplásicas y por último las causas digestivas. En el 50% de los pacientes, se pudo realizar el recambio en el mismo servicio de Urgencias.13 pacientes fallecieron teniendo colocada la PEG. La media de la puntuación del índice de Charlson fue de 2,68. 12 pacientes tenían un índice de Charlson superior a 2. Todos los pacientes presentaron salida de la sonda de gastrostomía. Entre las complicaciones más frecuentes se encontraron las infecciosas, siendo, la neumonía por aspiración fue la más frecuente. Conclusiones: Las causas neurológicas, y entre ellas la demencia, son la principal indicación de la colocación de sonda de gastrostomía de alimentación. Las complicaciones infecciosas fueron las más frecuentes. No existe relación entre las diferentes causas de disfagia y la presencia de complicaciones. Tampoco existe relación entre la existencia de comorbilidades y la presencia de complicaciones. No existe relación entre la realización del recambio de sonda de gastrostomía en Urgencias y el número de recambios realizados. Existe una relación estadísticamente significativa entre los recambios realizados en el servicio de Urgencias y el número de neumonía por aspiración, que puede deberse al pequeño tamaño de la muestra. Hacen falta más estudios para poder establecer más correctas asociaciones.<br /

Hormonal and metabolic regulation of tomato fruit sink activity and yield under salinity

Salinization of water and soil has a negative impact on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) productivity by reducing growth of sink organs and by inducing senescence in source leaves. It has been hypothesized that yield stability implies the maintenance or increase of sink activity in the reproductive structures, thus contributing to the transport of assimilates from the source leaves through changes in sucrolytic enzymes and their regulation by phytohormones. In this study, classical and functional physiological approaches have been integrated to study the influence of metabolic and hormonal factors on tomato fruit sink activity, growth, and yield: (i) exogenous hormones were applied to plants, and (ii) transgenic plants overexpressing the cell wall invertase (cwInv) gene CIN1 in the fruits and de novo cytokinin (CK) biosynthesis gene IPT in the roots were constructed. Although salinity reduces fruit growth, sink activity, and trans-zeatin (tZ) concentrations, it increases the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) during the actively growing period (25 days after anthesis). Indeed, exogenous application of the CK analogue kinetin to salinized actively growing fruits recovered sucrolytic activities (mainly cwInv and sucrose synthase), sink strength, and fruit weight, whereas the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon had a negative effect in equivalent non-stressed fruits. Fruit yield was increased by both the constitutive expression of CIN1 in the fruits (up to 4-fold) or IPT in the root (up to 30%), owing to an increase in the fruit number (lower flower abortion) and in fruit weight. This is possibly related to a recovery of sink activity in reproductive tissues due to both (i) increase in sucrolytic activities (cwInv, sucrose synthase, and vacuolar and cytoplasmic invertases) and tZ concentration, and (ii) a decrease in the ACC levels and the activity of the invertase inhibitor. This study provides new functional evidences about the role of metabolic and hormonal inter-regulation of local sink processes in controlling tomato fruit sink activity, growth, and yield under salinity

Funcionamiento de las redes educativas de centros escolares: desarrollo de un trabajo colaborativo

ABSTRACTIn this article we explain the functioning of educational networks of schools from a perspective of collaborative work between teachers and schools. With that in mind, we provide the assessment and trajectory of such networks, as well as contributions on organizational and development improvements made by advisors from teachers centers. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured and individual questionnaires, from with a narrative and descriptive methodology based on a qualitative research approach. For the data analysis. It has been used a program called MAXQDA 10. The sample was made up of 10 advisers from the teacher centers in the province of Seville.  The main results and conclusions obtained allowed us to know the implementation and development of these networks, emerged from the organization of working groups based on the needs arising in the educative practice; the education agents most commonly involved; the teamwork; the experience they have; and their resources, human and material they use.  From this study, it appears that the primary goal of these movements is the exchange of pedagogic experiences and planning organization and management education models through a collaborative work.RESUMENCon el presente artículo pretendemos conocer el funcionamiento de las redes educativas de centros escolares desde la perspectiva del trabajo colaborativo entre profesores y centros educativos. Para ello aportamos la valoración y trayectoria de dichas Redes, así como las contribuciones que realizan los asesores de los centros de profesores sobre sus mejoras  organizativas y de desarrollo.  La recogida de los datos se ha llevado a cabo a través de cuestionarios semiestructurados e individuales, partiendo de una metodología descriptivo-narrativa y fundamentándose en un enfoque cualitativo de investigación. Se ha  empleado, para el estudio de los datos, un programa de análisis cualitativo denominado MAXQDA 10. La muestra se ha constituido por 10 asesores de Centros de Profesores de la provincia de Sevilla. Los principales resultados y conclusiones nos han permitido conocer la puesta en marcha y desarrollo de estas redes  que surgen a través de la creación de grupos de trabajo,  partiendo de las necesidades originadas en la práctica; así como los agentes educativos que más se implican; el trabajo en equipo; la experiencia que poseen así como los recursos materiales y humanos que utilizan. A partir de este estudio se constata que el objetivo fundamental de estos movimientos es intercambiar experiencias pedagógicas y planificar modelos de organización y gestión a través  de un trabajo colaborativo.ABSTRACTIn this article we explain the functioning of educational networks of schools from a perspective of collaborative work between teachers and schools. With that in mind, we provide the assessment and trajectory of such networks, as well as contributions on organizational and development improvements made by advisors from teachers centers. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured and individual questionnaires, from with a narrative and descriptive methodology based on a qualitative research approach. For the data analysis. It has been used a program called MAXQDA 10. The sample was made up of 10 advisers from the teacher centers in the province of Seville.  The main results and conclusions obtained allowed us to know the implementation and development of these networks, emerged from the organization of working groups based on the needs arising in the educative practice; the education agents most commonly involved; the teamwork; the experience they have; and their resources, human and material they use.  From this study, it appears that the primary goal of these movements is the exchange of pedagogic experiences and planning organization and management education models through a collaborative work

Fruit Composition of Eggplant Lines with Introgressions from the Wild Relative S. incanum: Interest for Breeding and Safety for Consumption

[EN] The wild species Solanum incanum has been used as a donor parent for the development of a set of eggplant introgression lines (ILs), which are of interest for breeding for stress tolerances and relevant morpho-agronomic traits but could also be useful for breeding for fruit quality, due to the generally higher content in health-promoting compounds of S. incanum. The use of eggplant ILs with introgressions from S. incanum requires ensuring that glycoalkaloids levels are below safety limits. We evaluated 25 fruit composition traits, including proximate composition, sugars, acids, phenolics, glycoalkaloids, and minerals in a set of 16 eggplant ILs with S. incanum, both parents and the F-1, grown under two environments (open field and screenhouse). The results demonstrated that the parents were significantly different regarding most fruit composition traits. Large variation was found among the 16 ILs for all traits analyzed and a strong influence of the environment accounted for the variation of 17 out of the 25 traits evaluated. Although the S. incanum parent produced fruits with high levels of glycoalkaloids, the 16 ILs showed mean values of total glycoalkaloids below the currently accepted safety limit for human consumption (200 mg kg(-1) fresh weight). Overall, the ILs produced fruits that are safe for consumption, with nutritional and functional quality similar to the recipient parent. Furthermore, six putative QTLs were detected spread over chromosomes 3 for crude protein, 5 for malic and total acids, and 7 for chlorogenic acid and solamargine, and potential candidate genes were spotted for most of them, which provide new relevant information for eggplant breeding.This work was undertaken as part of the initiative "Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives", which is supported by the Government of Norway. The project is managed by the Global Crop Diversity Trust with the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and implemented in partnership with national and international gene banks and plant breeding institutes around the world. For further information see the project website: http://www.cwrdiversity.org/.Funding was also received from grants AGL2015-64755-R funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe" and RTI-2018-094592-B-100 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 677379 (G2P-SOL project: Linking genetic resources, genomes, and phenotypes of Solanaceous crops). M.P. is grateful to the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for a post-doctoral grant with the Juan de la Cierva program (grant number IJC2019-039091-I from MCIN/AEI/10.1309/501100011033). P.G. is grateful to the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for a post-doctoral grant (P19105, FY2019 JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research in Japan). E.R.-M. is grateful to the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad for a pre-doctoral grant (grant number BES-2016-077482 from MCIN/AEI/10.1309/501100011033).Rosa-Martínez, E.; Adalid-Martinez, AM.; García-Martínez, MD.; Mangino, G.; Raigón Jiménez, MD.; Plazas Ávila, MDLO.; Gramazio, P.... (2022). Fruit Composition of Eggplant Lines with Introgressions from the Wild Relative S. incanum: Interest for Breeding and Safety for Consumption. Agronomy. 12(2):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy1202026611212

El trabajo colaborativo en red impulsor del desarrollo profesional del profesorado

En este artículo se presenta un estudio de caso sobre una estrategia de aprendizaje colaborativo entre profesionales de la educación en un ámbito específico de trabajo, el alumnado con autismo, para apoyar el intercambio de experiencias a través de las redes. La muestra se compone de un equipo de 11 profesoras de aulas de autismo específicas, cuyo trabajo se basa en diseñar y contrastar estrategias educativas de actuación para este alumnado. La recogida de datos se ha realizado a través de entrevistas en grupo, cuestionarios y análisis del Plan de Trabajo. Los resultados indican que el trabajo planificado y consensuado, con una trayectoria común de participación continuada en el tiempo, ofrece una garantía de calidad que camina hacia la mejora en educación. Así, el grupo de trabajo ofrece seguridad profesional a sus participantes, favorece la consecución de objetivos comunes y evita el aisla ‑ miento profesional de los profesores en aulas específicas, ya que la comunicación en la red es la base de su trabajo

Search for WZ resonances in the fully leptonic channel using pp collisions at s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for resonant WZ production in the ℓνℓ'ℓ' (ℓ,ℓ'=e,μ) decay channel using 20.3 fb-1 of s=8TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at LHC is presented. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed and upper limits on the production cross sections of WZ resonances from an extended gauge model W' and from a simplified model of heavy vector triplets are derived. A corresponding observed (expected) lower mass limit of 1.52 (1.49) TeV is derived for the W' at the 95% confidence level.Peer Reviewe

Measurement of the production cross section of prompt J/ψ mesons in association with a W ± boson in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Aad, G. et al.The process pp → W ± J/ψ provides a powerful probe of the production mechanism of charmonium in hadronic collisions, and is also sensitive to multiple parton interactions in the colliding protons. Using the 2011 ATLAS dataset of 4.5 fb−1 of s√ = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, the first observation is made of the production of W ± + prompt J/ψ events in hadronic collisions, using W ± → μν μ and J/ψ → μ + μ −. A yield of 27.4+7.5−6.5 W ± + prompt J/ψ events is observed, with a statistical significance of 5.1σ. The production rate as a ratio to the inclusive W ± boson production rate is measured, and the double parton scattering contribution to the cross section is estimated.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZˇS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.Peer reviewe

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Aad, G. et al.A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 20.3 fb−1 of s√ = 8 TeV proton-proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with the Standard Model expectations and limits are set in R-parity-conserving phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Models and in simplified supersymmetric models, significantly extending previous results. For simplified supersymmetric models of direct chargino (χ˜±1) and next-to-lightest neutralino (χ˜02) production with decays to lightest neutralino (χ˜01) via either all three generations of sleptons, staus only, gauge bosons, or Higgs bosons, (χ˜±1) and (χ˜02) masses are excluded up to 700 GeV, 380 GeV, 345 GeV, or 148 GeV respectively, for a massless (χ˜01).We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZˇS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey.Peer reviewe

Integrative epigenomics in Sjögren´s syndrome reveals novel pathways and a strong interaction between the HLA, autoantibodies and the interferon signature

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and damage of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands. The etiology of SS is complex with environmental triggers and genetic factors involved. By conducting an integrated multi-omics study, we confirmed a vast coordinated hypomethylation and overexpression effects in IFN-related genes, what is known as the IFN signature. Stratified and conditional analyses suggest a strong interaction between SS-associated HLA genetic variation and the presence of Anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies in driving the IFN epigenetic signature and determining SS. We report a novel epigenetic signature characterized by increased DNA methylation levels in a large number of genes enriched in pathways such as collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix organization. We identified potential new genetic variants associated with SS that might mediate their risk by altering DNA methylation or gene expression patterns, as well as disease-interacting genetic variants that exhibit regulatory function only in the SS population. Our study sheds new light on the interaction between genetics, autoantibody profiles, DNA methylation and gene expression in SS, and contributes to elucidate the genetic architecture of gene regulation in an autoimmune population

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Con el lema “Geología para todos” el proyecto Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad apuesta por la divulgación de la Geología a todo tipo de público, incidiendo en la importancia de realizar simultáneamente una acción de integración social entre estudiantes y profesores de centros universitarios, de enseñanza infantil, primaria, de educación especial y un acercamiento con público con diversidad funcional