Generic model for application driven XML data processing

Abstract XML technology has emerged during recent years as a popular choice for representing and exchanging semi-structured data on the Web. It integrates seamlessly with web- based applications. If data is stored and represented as XML documents, then it should be possible to query the contents of these documents in order to extract, synthesize and analyze their contents. This thesis for experimental study of Web architecture for data processing is based on semantic mapping of XML Schema. The thesis involves complex methods and tools for specification, algorithmic transformation and online processing of semi- structured data over the Web in XML format with persistent storage into relational databases. The main focus of the research is preserving the structure of original data for data reconciliation during database updates and also to combine different technologies for XML data processing such as storing (SQL), transformation (XSL Processors), presenting (HTML), querying (XQUERY) and transporting (Web services) using a common framework, which is both theoretically and technologically well grounded. The experimental implementation of the discussed architecture requires a Web server (Apache), Java container (Tomcat) and object-relational DBMS (Oracle 9) equipped with Java engine and corresponding libraries for parsing and transformation of XML data (Xerces and Xalan). Furthermore the central idea behind the research is to use a single theoretical model of the data to be processed by the system (XML algebra) controlled by one standard metalanguage specification (XML Schema) for solving a class of problems (generic architecture). The proposed work combines theoretical novelty and technological advancement in the field of Internet computing. This thesis will introduce a generic approach since both our model (XML algebra) and our problem solver (the architecture of the integrated system) are XML Schema- driven. Starting with the XML Schema of the data, we first develop domain-specific XML algebra suitable for data processing of the specific data and then use it for implementing the main offline components of the system for data processing

Generic model for application driven XML data processing

XML technology has emerged during recent years as a popular choice for representing and exchanging semi-structured data on the Web. It integrates seamlessly with web-based applications. If data is stored and represented as XML documents, then it should be possible to query the contents of these documents in order to extract, synthesize and analyze their contents. This thesis for experimental study of Web architecture for data processing is based on semantic mapping of XML Schema. The thesis involves complex methods and tools for specification, algorithmic transformation and online processing of semi-structured data over the Web in XML format with persistent storage into relational databases. The main focus of the research is preserving the structure of original data for data reconciliation during database updates and also to combine different technologies for XML data processing such as storing (SQL), transformation (XSL Processors), presenting (HTML), querying (XQUERY) and transporting (Web services) using a common framework, which is both theoretically and technologically well grounded. The experimental implementation of the discussed architecture requires a Web server (Apache), Java container (Tomcat) and object-relational DBMS (Oracle 9) equipped with Java engine and corresponding libraries for parsing and transformation of XML data (Xerces and Xalan). Furthermore the central idea behind the research is to use a single theoretical model of the data to be processed by the system (XML algebra) controlled by one standard metalanguage specification (XML Schema) for solving a class of problems (generic architecture). The proposed work combines theoretical novelty and technological advancement in the field of Internet computing. This thesis will introduce a generic approach since both our model (XML algebra) and our problem solver (the architecture of the integrated system) are XML Schema- driven. Starting with the XML Schema of the data, we first develop domain-specific XML algebra suitable for data processing of the specific data and then use it for implementing the main offline components of the system for data processing.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

VIRTUAL EXHIBITIONS FRAMEWORK: UTILISATION OF XML DATA PROCESSING FOR SHARING MUSEUM CONTENT OVER THE WEB

In this paper we will describe a prototype implementation of a framework for organising virtual exhibitions, which uses information provided by the collaborating museums in the form of Web services. The museum content published by the collaborating museums is organised in a homogeneous virtual exhibition space by an exhibition curator and is accessible from a single point of entry – the Virtual Exhibition site. The prototype assumes the content published is an extract of CIDOC-compliant museum database, which allows easy standardisation and further dissemination. The prototype system presented is built entirely using public domain stack of technologies for processing XML data in Java (J2SE, J2EE and additional XML and Web Services packages). It functions as an entirely server-side Web application executed by a Tomcat server connected to a backend database (one for each participating museum plus one for the exhibition itself). Furthermore, the paper will describe one further step in the direction of accomplishment of truly panEuropean collaboration for organisation of virtual exhibitions. Using a single XML schema for speciÞ cation of the common exhibition informa- tion and utilising contemporary information technologies for processing XML data over the Web, the approach adopted demonstrates how to add a new European dimension in the inter-museum collaboration and to achieve wider access to the rich European cultural heritage. The system will be demonstrated during the conference

Breath Biopsy Assessment of Liver Disease Using an Exogenous Volatile Organic Compound-Toward Improved Detection of Liver Impairment.

INTRODUCTION: Liver cirrhosis and its complication - hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) - have been associated with increased exhaled limonene. It is currently unclear whether this increase is more strongly associated with the presence of HCC or with the severity of liver dysfunction. METHODS: We compared the exhaled breath of 40 controls, 32 cirrhotic patients, and 12 cirrhotic patients with HCC using the Breath Biopsy platform. Breath samples were analyzed by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Limonene levels were compared between the groups and correlated to bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time international normalized ratio, and alanine aminotransferase. RESULTS: Breath limonene concentration was significantly elevated in subjects with cirrhosis-induced HCC (M: 82.1 ng/L, interquartile range [IQR]: 16.33-199.32 ng/L) and cirrhosis (M: 32.6 ng/L, IQR: 6.55-123.07 ng/L) compared with controls (M: 6.2 ng/L, IQR: 2.62-9.57 ng/L) (P value = 0.0005 and 0.0001, respectively) with no significant difference between 2 diseased groups (P value = 0.37). Levels of exhaled limonene correlated with serum bilirubin (R = 0.25, P value = 0.0016, r = 0.51), albumin (R = 0.58, P value = 5.3e-8, r = -0.76), and international normalized ratio (R = 0.29, P value = 0.0003, r = 0.51), but not with alanine aminotransferase (R = 0.01, P value = 0.36, r = 0.19). DISCUSSION: Exhaled limonene levels are primarily affected by the presence of cirrhosis through reduced liver functional capacity, as indicated by limonene correlation with blood metrics of impaired hepatic clearance and protein synthesis capacity, without further alterations observed in subjects with HCC. This suggests that exhaled limonene is a potential non-invasive marker of liver metabolic capacity (see Visual abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CTG/A388).Owlstone Medical Lt

Pregnane X receptor regulates drug metabolism and transport in the vasculature and protects from oxidative stress

Aims Circulating endogenous, dietary and foreign chemicals can contribute to vascular dysfunction. The mechanism by which the vasculature protects itself from these chemicals is unknown. This study investigates whether the pregnane X receptor (PXR), the major transcriptional regulator of hepatic drug metabolism and transport that responds to such xenobiotics, mediates vascular protection by co-ordinating a defence gene program in the vasculature.Methods and Results PXR was detected in primary human and rat aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells and blood vessels including human and rat aorta. Metabolic PXR target genes cytochrome P450 3A, 2B, 2C and glutathione-S-transferase mRNA and activity were induced by PXR ligands in rodent and human vascular cells and absent in the aortas from PXR null mice stimulated in vivo or in rat aortic smooth muscle cells expressing dominant negative PXR. Activation of aortic PXR by classical agonists had several protective effects; increased xenobiotic metabolism demonstrated by bio-activation of the pro-drug clopidogrel, which reduced adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation; increased expression of multidrug resistance protein 1, mediating chemical efflux from the vasculature; and protection from reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death.Conclusions PXR co-ordinately up-regulates drug metabolism, transport and anti-oxidant genes to protect the vasculature from endogenous and exogenous insults, thus representing a novel gatekeeper for vascular defence

XML schema-driven generation of architecture components

It is possible to code by hand an XSL stylesheet that validates an XML document against some or all constraints of an XML schema. But the main goal of this paper introduces general techniques as a technology solution for different problems such as (a) generation of SQL schema from XMLSchema, (b) generating XSL stylesheet from XMLSchema, and (c) XQuery interpreter generating. Each of the techniques proposed in this paper works by XMLSchema-driven generation of architecture components with XSL stylesheet. As can be seen the input is XMLSchema and XSL stylesheet and the output is generic stylesheets. These stylesheets can be used as interpreter for generating other types of data such as SQL queries from XQueries, SQL data, SQL schema and HTML format. Using XSL stylesheets we present algorithms showing how we can generate these components automatically