Re-Thinking "Emotionally": Central of Business District (CBD) of Alexandria City as a Retailing Center

The decisions of the Alexandria Local Authorities would be a key motive power of the flourishing process in Alexandria City Center as a retailing center. The objective of this study is to pay more attention toward re-thinking "Emotionally" to identify any planning policies at various levels. This new tendency would be helpful for having a prosperous city center, after losing its significance as a retailing center. This degradation due to the presence of "Malls and Plazas" like 'City Center Mall," "Green Plaza," and "Down Town Plaza" lying on the peripheral of the city as well as many other reasons. Studying the Saad Zaghloul Street is part of this paper to prove that re-thinking "Emotionally" is the answer to the enhancement Alexandria City Center as a retailing center

The 20 year evolution of dobutamine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Over the past 20 years, investigators world-wide have developed and utilized dobutamine magnetic resonance stress testing procedures for the purpose of identifying ischemia, viability, and cardiac prognosis. This article traces these developments and reviews the data utilized to substantiate this relatively new noninvasive imaging procedure

Myocardial tagging by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: evolution of techniques--pulse sequences, analysis algorithms, and applications

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) tagging has been established as an essential technique for measuring regional myocardial function. It allows quantification of local intramyocardial motion measures, e.g. strain and strain rate. The invention of CMR tagging came in the late eighties, where the technique allowed for the first time for visualizing transmural myocardial movement without having to implant physical markers. This new idea opened the door for a series of developments and improvements that continue up to the present time. Different tagging techniques are currently available that are more extensive, improved, and sophisticated than they were twenty years ago. Each of these techniques has different versions for improved resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), scan time, anatomical coverage, three-dimensional capability, and image quality. The tagging techniques covered in this article can be broadly divided into two main categories: 1) Basic techniques, which include magnetization saturation, spatial modulation of magnetization (SPAMM), delay alternating with nutations for tailored excitation (DANTE), and complementary SPAMM (CSPAMM); and 2) Advanced techniques, which include harmonic phase (HARP), displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE), and strain encoding (SENC). Although most of these techniques were developed by separate groups and evolved from different backgrounds, they are in fact closely related to each other, and they can be interpreted from more than one perspective. Some of these techniques even followed parallel paths of developments, as illustrated in the article. As each technique has its own advantages, some efforts have been made to combine different techniques together for improved image quality or composite information acquisition. In this review, different developments in pulse sequences and related image processing techniques are described along with the necessities that led to their invention, which makes this article easy to read and the covered techniques easy to follow. Major studies that applied CMR tagging for studying myocardial mechanics are also summarized. Finally, the current article includes a plethora of ideas and techniques with over 300 references that motivate the reader to think about the future of CMR tagging

Susceptibility of cationized and aminized cotton fabrics before and after crosslinking towards wet transfer printing

320-329The behaviour towards wet transfer printing of cationized and aminized cottons having different nitrogen contents before and after cross linking was studied. Cationization was effected through reaction of cotton with (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride whereas aminization was achieved by reacting cotton with 2-chlorocthyl diethylamine hydrochloride. The modified cottons were cross linked using polyearboxylic acids, namely citric acid and 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid, followed by wet transfer printing using alginate films containing either a reactive dye or a direct dye without using electrolytes. Prints on cationized and aminized cottons exhibited significantly higher colour strength than on the untreated cotton. Crosslinking of the cationized and aminized cottons prior to wet transfer printing detracted much from their greater amenability to such printing. The wash, rub and perspiration fastness values of the reactive dye on cationized and aminized cottons before and after cross linking were found to be comparable or even slightly higher than those for the untreated cotton. However, in case of direct dye, the colour fastness results disclose significant improvement in wash, rub and perspiration fastness over the untreated cotton. </span

زمن ونظام ظهور مراكز التعظم في هيكل الفأر

The time and sequence of ossification pattern of the skeletal system of the Rattus rattus were studied in serial whole mounts prepared from Day 10 to Day 21.5 (day of delivery). In the neurocranium, each bone is represent by a single ossification centra. At birth, the neurocranium is a well formed miniature of that in the adult. Four stages can be distinguished in the ossification of the vertebral column. All ossification centres in the vertebrae were found to be present at birth. In the appendicular skeleton, the chondrogenesis and osteogenesis patterns proceed in proximo-distal sequence with postero-anterior direction. It is possible to map limb part giving rise to each skeletal element as it appears. The pelvic limb bones are ossified later than those of the pectoral limb. Sexual dimorphism during ossification is not pronouced.ان دراسة التكوين الشكلي لقطع الجمجمة العصبية ، العمود الفقري ، الطرفين الأمامي والخلفي ، الحزامين الصدري والحوضي لأجنة الفأر الأبيض - عمر 9 أيام حتى موعد الولادة - أوضحت تباين ظهور القطع الغضروفية وأزمنة تعظمها . الجمجمة العصبية أظهرت تعظما مفردا لقطعها ، الفقرات أظهرت أزمنة مختلفة للتعظم داخل الفقرة الواحدة وبين الفقرات المختلفة ، الطرفان والحزامان تعظمها يتبع تكوين قطعهما الغضروفية . وقيست أطوال قطع الأطراف ومعدلات الزيادة لأطوالها . وقد قورنت النتائج بالنماذج المتاحة في القوارض المختلفة